Progression in size of an arterio-venous malformation.

We report a case of a young girl who was admitted with history of sudden onset left hemiplegia, when she was 5 years old. Investigations revealed no vascular malformation or abnormality. On conservative treatment, she progressively improved and had residual hemiparesis.

Immediate Postoperative Reversal of Disc Herniation Following Facetal Distraction-Fixation Surgery: Report of 4 Cases.

Background: We report cases of 4 patients where Goel facet distraction surgery resulted in restoration of herniated disc back into the intervertebral disc space in the immediate postoperative period. Such a fate of herniated disc has not been recorded earlier.

Methods: During the period 2010 to 2011, 4 patients with single level 'contained' herniated disc that extended to the posterior surface of adjoining vertebral bodies and resulted in severe cord and root compression were surgically treated.

Successful management of a cervical fracture in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis by a posterior approach.

Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are at an increased risk of spinal fractures due to the altered spinal biomechanics. Moreover, it is difficult to treat these fractures due to the combination of ankylosis and osteoporosis. We report successful management of a C6-C7 vertebral fracture in a patient with AS.

Bifid Anterior and Posterior Arches of Atlas: Surgical Implication and Analysis of 70 Cases.

Background: On reviewing the database of patients with craniovertebral junction anomalies, the authors identified 70 patients with a bifid posterior arch of atlas.

Objective: To speculate on the pathogenesis of spondyloschisis of both the anterior and posterior arches of atlas, particularly as it relates to atlantoaxial instability.

Methods: Seventy patients with bifid anterior and posterior arches were identified by a retrospective review of the database from 2007 to 2013.

Orbital cortical approach to lesions around the frontal horn of the lateral ventricle: indication and surgical parameters.

Background: An orbital cortical approach to lesions in the region of the frontal horn is described on the basis of surgical experience with five cases and dissections of three cadaveric brain specimens. The approach involves cortical incision over the orbital surface of the frontal brain and directing the surgical trajectory superiorly. The possible indications of the approach and the critical surgical parameters are described.