Valorization of papaya fruit peel waste for the production of nanocellulose by Novacetimonas hansenii BMK-3.

Nanocellulose is the renewable biopolymer produced in nature by different bacteria. The widespread use of nanocellulose in industrial processes increases the demand for this valuable biomaterial. To overcome the high cost of producing nanocellulose using the Hestrin-Schramm medium, alternative agricultural waste has been studied as a potential low-cost supply.

Production, purification and characterization of phytase from Pichia kudriavevii FSMP-Y17and its application in layers feed.

Introduction: Phytase, recognized for its ability to enhance the nutritional value of phytate-rich foods, has has gained significant prominence. The production of this enzyme has been significantly boosted while preserving economic efficiency by utilizing natural substrates and optimizing essential factors. This study focuses on optimizing phytase production through solid-state fermentation and evaluating its effectiveness in enhancing nutrient utilization in chicken diets.

A novel cost-effective methodology for the screening of nanocellulose producing micro-organisms.

In this paper, the work has been done to develop a cost-effective methodology, for the isolation of the potential producer of bacterial nanocellulose. No report is available in the literature, on the use of gram flour and table sugar for the screening of nanocellulose-producing isolates. Since commercially used, Hestrin-Schramm medium is expensive for the isolation of nanocellulose-producing micro-organisms, the possibility of using gram flour-table sugar medium was investigated in this work.

Comparison of Levosimendan Versus Milrinone After the Arterial Switch Operation for Infants ≤3 kg.

Various inotropes and inodilators have been utilized to treat low cardiac output syndrome after the arterial switch operation. The use of levosimendan, a calcium sensitizer has been limited in this setting. This study compares the effects of levosimendan with milrinone in managing low cardiac output after the arterial switch operation.

Chylothorax in Infants and Children After Congenital Heart Surgery: Approach and Review.

Chylothorax in infants after surgery for congenital heart disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Numerous management modalities applied alone or in various combinations have been utilized but definitive guidelines have not yet been established. We present two infants who developed refractory chylothorax after congenital heart surgery.

External quality assessment for laboratories in pan-India ILI/SARI surveillance for simultaneous detection of influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2.

Introduction: The Indian Council of Medical Research has set up a nationwide network of 28 laboratories for simultaneous surveillance of influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 in ILI/SARI patients, using an in-house developed and validated multiplex real-time RTPCR assay. The aim of this study was to ensure the quality of testing by these laboratories by implementing an external quality assessment program (EQAP).

Methods: For this EQAP, a proficiency test (PT) panel comprising tissue-culture or egg-grown influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 was developed.

Enhanced Xylanolytic enzyme production from through assessment of the RSM tool and their application in saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass.

, a widespread weed in India, contributes a substantial amount of lignocellulosic biomass. The key objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of producing xylanase enzyme from weed biomass using the fungus . The impact of various physiological factors was confirmed through a two-step approach: first, a one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) investigation, and subsequently, employing the RSM-based CCD method in statistical design.

Enhancement of bacterial cellulose production by ethanol and lactic acid by using .

The current study intended to analyze the impact of ethanol and lactic acid on the bacterial cellulose yield as well as physicochemical and mechanical properties, by using . The optimization of ethanol and lactic acid concentration has been done by using one-way ANOVA. Both the supplements significantly enhance the yield of bacterial cellulose (BC) as compared to the standard Hestrin-Schramm medium (control).

Pan-India influenza-like illness (ILI) and Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance: epidemiological, clinical and genomic analysis.

Background: Over time, COVID-19 testing has significantly declined across the world. However, it is critical to monitor the virus through surveillance. In late 2020, WHO released interim guidance advising the use of the existing Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) for the integrated surveillance of influenza and SARS-CoV-2.

"Prolonged" venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for respiratory failure: Outcome in an infant.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a form of extracorporeal life support which provides cardiorespiratory support to patients with potentially reversible pathophysiological processes. ECMO has evolved over the past few decades as a standard technology for neonatal severe respiratory support. However, its use in the pediatric population has increased only since 2009.

Protocol for establishing a model for integrated influenza surveillance in Tamil Nadu, India.

The potential for influenza viruses to cause public health emergencies is great. The World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2005 concluded that the world was unprepared to respond to an influenza pandemic. Available surveillance guidelines for pandemic influenza lack the specificity that would enable many countries to establish operational surveillance plans.

Determination of a cut-off value for the serological diagnosis of scrub typhus by detecting anti- immunoglobulin M.

Background & Objectives: The diagnosis of scrub typhus (ST) is usually done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) due to its ease of performance and reading objectivity. The cut-off value for ELISA needs to be calculated for each geographical location as it depends on zonal endemicity of the disease. This study was, therefore, undertaken to calculate the pan-India cut-off for anti-Orientia tsutsugamushi (OT) immunoglobulin M (IgM) by ELISA.

Multifunctional chromone-incorporated poly(hydroxybutyrate) luminescent film for active and intelligent food packaging.

The major objective of present work was to fabricate poly(hydroxybutyrate) based luminescent films for genuine food packaging applications. These films were synthesized by incorporating varying Chromone (CH) concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt%) into poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) matrix through solvent-casting. Different characteristics of prepared films were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Mechanical testing, and Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL).

Association of glutathione-S-transferase polymorphism with genetic damage in paint workers.

Background: Occupational exposure to toluene causes serious health problems ranging from drowsiness to lethal diseases such as cancer. Paint workers are exposed to toluene through inhalation or the dermal route, which can induce genetcic damage. The increased DNA damage could be linked to genetic polymorphism.

Perfusion Strategy to Prevent Right Ventricular Decompression on Cardiopulmonary Bypass During Extracardiac Fontan for Right Ventricle-Dependent Coronary Circulation.

Early and long-term outcomes in patients with pulmonary atresia-intact ventricular septum undergoing staged univentricular palliations have been known to be adversely affected by the presence of right ventricle-dependent coronary circulation. We describe a surgical technique to circumvent the coronary insufficiency caused by acute decompression of the right heart.

Bacterial cellulose: Nature's greener tool for industries.

Bacteria are considered mini chemical factories that help us in providing a wide range of products for various purposes. These days, bacterial cellulose (BC) is getting attention by researchers due to its quality, eco-friendly nature, and excellent physical-mechanical qualities. It is being used in the fabrication of nanocomposites.

Development of poly(hydroxybutyrate) film incorporated with nano silica and clove essential oil intended for active packaging of brown bread.

The objective of current study was to develop Poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) based active packaging film with long lasting antimicrobial potential in food-packaging applications. For developing such films, PHB was incorporated with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a plasticizer, nano-silica (n-Si) as strengthening material and clove essential oil (CEO) as an antimicrobial agent. These solvent-casted films with varying concentration of n-Si (0.

Strategies to mitigate inflammation in management of complex congenital heart disease complicated by "multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children".

A 6-month-old boy, a case of Shone's complex, presented in decompensated state was found to have severe mitral stenosis along with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MISC) warranting urgent surgical intervention. Various modalities including cytokine-adsorbing hemofilter were used to target inflammation. Postoperatively, the child recovered from low cardiac output accompanied by decrease in the levels of inflammatory markers, inopressors, and ventilatory requirements.

Outcomes of primary repair of sternal cleft defects: Providing a "bony cover".

Background: Sternal clefts are rare congenital anterior chest wall defects created by a lack of midline thoracic fusion. Various surgical repairs have been proposed to provide protection to underlying viscera in these defects.

Aim: This study aims to perform primary sternal cleft repair using techniques, leading to the provision of a complete bony cover and to assess their outcomes on follow-ups.

Evaluation of the Role of Toluidine Blue Paint as an Adjunctive Method to Biopsy in Suspicious Oral Lesion: A Hospital Based Study.

Early detection is a major step in the success of cancer therapy. Histopathology report is considered as the gold standard in the formulation of management protocol of any malignancy worldwide. But unfortunately, there is a delay in the detection of oral cancer very often due to inconclusive histopathology reports.

Bacterial cellulose: Nano-biomaterial for biodegradable face masks - A greener approach towards environment.

The use of face masks aids to stop the transmission of various deadly communicable ailments, and therefore widespread mask wearing habit is advocated by nearly all health organisations including the WHO to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent studies predicted a shocking requirement of masks globally, approximately billions of masks per week in a single country, and maximum of them are disposable masks, which are made up of nonbiodegradable material such as polypropylene. With expanding review on improper masks disposal, it is imperative to perceive this inherent environmental hazard and avert it from resulting in the subsequent problematic situation due to plastic.

A two-step process for in silico screening to assess the performance of qRTPCR kits against variant strains of SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Since inception of the COVID-19 pandemic, early detection and isolation of positive cases is one of the key strategies to restrict disease transmission. Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR) has been the mainstay of diagnosis. Most of the qRTPCR kits were designed against the target genes of original strain of SARS-CoV-2.