Publications by authors named "Neenu Jacob"

Objectives: To investigate the mechanism of glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) following high-strength probiotics supplementation by assessing immune-regulatory markers.

Methods: In this single-centre randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled study, children with new-onset T1D on regular insulin therapy were randomised into probiotic or placebo groups with 30 children each. The probiotics group received oral powder of Vivomixx, and the placebo group received corn starch for six months.

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Background: Studies in animal models and humans with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have shown that probiotic supplementation leads to decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (responsible for damaging β-cells of the pancreas), improved gut barrier function, and induction of immune tolerance.

Objective: To study the effect of supplementation of probiotics in children with T1DM on glycemic control, insulin dose, and plasma C-peptide levels.

Methods: A single-centered, double-blinded, and randomized placebo-controlled pilot trial was conducted in children (2-12 years) with new-onset T1DM.

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Type-1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by progressive loss of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Butyrate is a commensal microbial-derived metabolite, implicated in intestinal homeostasis and immune regulation. Here, we investigated the mechanism of diabetes remission in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice following butyrate administration.

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Aims/hypothesis: Among the beta-cell associated antigens, preproinsulin (PPI) has been shown to play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). PPI-specific autoreactive CD8+ T cells emerge early during beta-cell destruction and persist in peripheral circulation during diabetes progression. However, the influence of insulin therapy on phenotype of autoreactive CD8+ T cells in T1D including, juvenile-onset T1D (JOT1D), and adult-onset T1D (AOT1D) is not yet known.

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Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) resembles type 1 diabetes (T1D) in disease presentation except that its onset is slow. We compared pathophysiological characteristics of CD8+ T cells recognizing preproinsulin (PPI) derived epitopes in both disease groups using MHC-I dextramers (DMRs) in peripheral blood and after in-vitro stimulation with PPI. Subjects with T1D harbored higher frequency of DMR+ CD8+ T cells with relatively higher frequency of effector T cell subsets.

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