Correction: A Health Threat to Bystanders Living in the Homes of Smokers: How Smoke Toxins Deposited on Surfaces Can Cause Insulin Resistance.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Biological markers of harm can be detected in mice exposed for two months to low doses of Third Hand Smoke under conditions that mimic human exposure.

Third-hand smoke (THS) is a recently discovered environmental health hazard that results from accumulation and aging of second-hand smoke (SHS) toxins on surfaces of environments where smoking has occurred. Our objective was to determine whether there is a dose-dependent effect of THS exposure on biological markers of harm (BMH) using an in vivo exposure system that mimics exposure of humans to THS. THS exposure generated from as low as the 10 cigarettes-smoking regimen, resulted in increased circulating inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 alpha, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

Biomarkers of disease can be detected in mice as early as 4 weeks after initiation of exposure to third-hand smoke levels equivalent to those found in homes of smokers.

Third-hand smoke (THS) is a newly discovered environmental health hazard that results from accumulation and aging of second-hand smoke (SHS) toxins on surfaces where smoking has occurred. Our objective was to determine whether there is a time-dependent effect of THS exposure on health. Using an exposure mouse system that mimics exposure of humans to THS, we investigated its effects on biomarkers found in serum, and in liver and brain tissues.

A Health Threat to Bystanders Living in the Homes of Smokers: How Smoke Toxins Deposited on Surfaces Can Cause Insulin Resistance.

Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the accumulation of secondhand smoke on environmental surfaces. THS is found on the clothing and hair of smokers as well as on surfaces in homes and cars of smokers. Exposure occurs by ingestion, inhalation and dermal absorption.

Third-hand Smoke: Impact on Hemostasis and Thrombogenesis.

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for acute coronary thrombosis. In fact, both active/first-hand smoke and passive/second-hand smoke exposure are known to increase the risk of coronary thrombosis. Although recently a new risk has been identified and termed third-hand smoke (THS), which is the residual tobacco smoke contaminant that remains after a cigarette is extinguished, it remains to be determined whether it can also enhance the risk of thrombogenesis, much like first-hand smoke and second-hand smoke.

Cigarette smoke toxins deposited on surfaces: implications for human health.

Cigarette smoking remains a significant health threat for smokers and nonsmokers alike. Secondhand smoke (SHS) is intrinsically more toxic than directly inhaled smoke. Recently, a new threat has been discovered - Thirdhand smoke (THS) - the accumulation of SHS on surfaces that ages with time, becoming progressively more toxic.