An insight into major signaling pathways and protein-protein interaction networks involved in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with the increase of glucose in the blood rather than being absorbed by the cells. A better understanding of the signaling pathways is necessary to understand the pathophysiology of GDM. This study provides details about a series of signaling pathways and protein-protein interactions involved in the pathogenesis of GDM and their evaluations in GDM development.

Basal Insulin Titration: Moving Towards a More Patient-Centric Approach with Gla-100 in India.

Owing to the progressive nature of the disease, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) eventually require adjustment or titration of insulin doses to achieve the desired glycemic control. Titration inertia, or the inability to dose-titrate, is one of the key barriers to optimized insulin therapy and is common in Asian countries such as India. Simple and effective titration algorithms involving the use of basal insulin, which has the lowest hypoglycemia risk, that can be individualized by physicians and easily followed by patients aid in tackling titration inertia.

Levothyroxine Dosing after Delivery in Women Diagnosed with Hypothyroidism During Pregnancy-A Retrospective, Observational Study.

Background: Pregnancy leads to profound alteration in thyroid function and dysthyroidism contributes to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Though the management of hypothyroidism during pregnancy is highlighted, the same is often neglected during postpartum. We have evaluated the postpartum levothyroxine (LT4) dose change in patients with new onset hypothyroidism.

Postpartum Follow-up in Women Diagnosed with Subclinical Hypothyroidism during Pregnancy.

Background: Management guidelines about the thyroid disease in pregnancy are silent about the postpartum course of new onset subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). Hence, we analyzed the 2 years outcome of SCH diagnosed during pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: We conducted this retrospective study using the medical records of patients with new onset SCH during pregnancy between 2010 and 2013 ( = 718).

Functioning adrenal myelolipoma: A rare cause of hypertension.

Co-occurrence of adrenal incidentaloma with hypertension calls for evaluation of endocrine causes including pheochromocytoma, Cushing's disease, and primary aldosteronism. We are reporting 40-years-old man who presented with hypertension and adrenal mass. He had elevated metanephrines, histology of resected adrenal mass revealed adrenal myelolipoma, and immuno-histochemistry was positive for chromogranin A.

Polymorphisms in the IRS-1 and PPAR-γ genes and their association with polycystic ovary syndrome among South Indian women.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is known to be characterized by metabolic abnormalities such as hyperinsulinemia, adiposity and dyslipidemia. Both insulin receptor substrate-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ have emerged as significant candidate genes in the pathogenesis of PCOS. In this study, we report for the first time, the association pattern of these genes with PCOS among South Indian women.

Association of CAPN10 SNPs and haplotypes with polycystic ovary syndrome among South Indian Women.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is known to be characterized by metabolic disorder in which hyperinsulinemia and peripheral insulin resistance are central features. Given the physiological overlap between PCOS and type-2 diabetes (T2DM), and calpain 10 gene (CAPN10) being a strong candidate for T2DM, a number of studies have analyzed CAPN10 SNPs among PCOS women yielding contradictory results. Our study is first of its kind to investigate the association pattern of CAPN10 polymorphisms (UCSNP-44, 43, 56, 19 and 63) with PCOS among Indian women.

Role of luteinizing hormone β-subunit gene variants among South Indian women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Abnormal luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and action are known to affect ovarian steroidogenesis and thus playing a crucial role in manifestation of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study is first of its kind to study association of LH β-subunit gene variants with PCOS among South-Indian women. 250 PCOS cases and 299 controls were recruited for the study.

Androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism and epigenetic influence among the south Indian women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

The present study was carried out to assess the role of androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism and X chromosome inactivation (XCI) pattern among Indian PCOS women and controls which has not been hitherto explored and also to test the hypothesis that shorter CAG alleles would be preferentially activated in PCOS. CAG repeat polymorphism and X chromosome methylation patterns were compared between PCOS and non-PCOS women. 250 PCOS women and 299 controls were included for this study.