Versatility of Transport Distraction Osteogenesis for Reconstruction of Lateral Mandibular Ablative Defects.

Introduction: The reconstitution of form and function after maxillofacial tumor resection or traumatic bony defects is a challenge when considering reconstructive options. The reconstructive options will depend upon whether the tissues to be replaced included bone alone or both bone and soft tissue (composite resection).

Methodology: This study was carried out on nine patients who with benign tumors or cysts of the mandible that required segmental resection.

Escherichia coli BarA-UvrY regulates the pks island and kills Staphylococci via the genotoxin colibactin during interspecies competition.

Wound infections are often polymicrobial in nature, biofilm associated and therefore tolerant to antibiotic therapy, and associated with delayed healing. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are among the most frequently cultured pathogens from wound infections. However, little is known about the frequency or consequence of E.

Molecular Insights on the Therapeutic Effect of Selected Flavonoids on Diabetic Neuropathy.

One of the common clinical complications of diabetes is diabetic neuropathy affecting the nervous system. Painful diabetic neuropathy is widespread and highly prevalent. At least 50% of diabetes patients eventually develop diabetic neuropathy.

M-Mode Echomyography of Facial Muscle Function Following Facial Reanimation with Temporalis Muscle Galea Pedicled Flap: Analysis of Ten Cases with Review of Literature.

Introduction: Facial palsy is a condition where the patients lack voluntary movement on the affected side of the face and are not able to convey their emotions. Besides that, they also succumb themselves to social isolation. Various techniques have been devised to overcome this devastating problem.

Utility of the Midface Degloving Approach for Extended Exposure in Maxillary Pathologies.

Introduction: A generous exposure of the midface region is essential for a comprehensive and thorough execution of midface surgical procedures, especially bilateral procedures. Traditional approaches to the midface the midface like the lateral rhinotomy and Weber-Fergusson/Dieffenbach incision with their modifications leave a visible scar, and they are limited in their unilateral exposure. The midface degloving approach with its exclusive intranasal and intraoral incisions leaves no external scars and lends excellent bilateral exposure of the maxilla, zygoma, paranasal areas and infraorbital margins from one side to the other.

Zygomaticomaxillary "lateral swing" osteotomy for augmentation of midface deficiency.

Introduction: Various surgical modalities have been proposed for the augmentation of midface deficiency without correction of the occlusal component. They include autogenous bone and cartilage grafts, alloplastic materials, and osteotomies. We propose an innovative osteotomy technique for augmentation of the midface including the infraorbital rims, the zygoma, the anterior maxillae, and the paranasal areas without advancing the dental-bearing segment.

7-Deazaguanine modifications protect phage DNA from host restriction systems.

Genome modifications are central components of the continuous arms race between viruses and their hosts. The archaeosine base (G), which was thought to be found only in archaeal tRNAs, was recently detected in genomic DNA of Enterobacteria phage 9g and was proposed to protect phage DNA from a wide variety of restriction enzymes. In this study, we identify three additional 2'-deoxy-7-deazaguanine modifications, which are all intermediates of the same pathway, in viruses: 2'-deoxy-7-amido-7-deazaguanine (dADG), 2'-deoxy-7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (dPreQ) and 2'-deoxy-7- aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine (dPreQ).

Discovery of novel bacterial queuine salvage enzymes and pathways in human pathogens.

Queuosine (Q) is a complex tRNA modification widespread in eukaryotes and bacteria that contributes to the efficiency and accuracy of protein synthesis. Eukaryotes are not capable of Q synthesis and rely on salvage of the queuine base (q) as a Q precursor. While many bacteria are capable of Q de novo synthesis, salvage of the prokaryotic Q precursors preQ and preQ also occurs.

Predictability and Feasibility of Total Alloplastic Temporomandibular Joint Reconstruction using DARSN TM Joint Prosthesis for patients in Indian subcontinent-A prospective clinical study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a custom made alloplastic Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) device design in patients undergoing temporomandibular (TM) Total Joint Reconstruction (TJR).

Objective: TMJ disease with functional and anatomic distortion dictates the need for TJR. There are various materials to reconstruct a TMJ.

A three dimensional (3D) musculoskeletal finite element analysis of DARSN temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prosthesis for total unilateral alloplastic joint replacement.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the strain and stress distribution for DARSN alloplastic unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prosthesis and the effects on contralateral natural joint using a finite element analysis (FEA).

Methods: The replacement of the TMJ may have complications like infection, failure of hardware, facial paralysis and perforation. The understanding of the mechanical forces exerted by muscles of mastication and jaw movement on the joint helps in identifying the regions on alloplastic TMJ with various maximum forces, which makes that area more prone for failure of hardware.

Partial thickness temporalis rotation for alloplastic temporomandibular joint - how I do it.

With increasing clinical evidence, the replacement of the temporomandibular joint with alloplastic joints is being increasingly accepted in severe degenerative diseases. There remains a risk of infection and a possibility of a failure of not just these prostheses but any alloplastic joint prosthesis post-operatively. Therefore, an extra precaution and additional coverage to the joint using partial thickness myo-temporalis rotation flap could be a useful option to minimize post-operative joint failure.

Short-Term Evaluation of Gustatory Changes After Surgical Removal of Mandibular Third Molar-A Prospective Randomized Control Trial.

Purpose: The present study was carried out to prospectively determine the incidence and severity of suprathreshold taste changes after surgical removal of mandibular third molars.

Materials And Methods: Sixty patients who required removal of impacted third molars were included in the study. Based on the Winter criteria of angulation of impacted mandibular third molars, 15 patients each with mesioangular, distoangular, horizontal, and vertical impacted third molars were selected.

Reconstruction of a Post Traumatic Anterior Maxillary Defect by Transport Distraction Osteogenesis.

Rehabilitation of segmental defects of maxilla presents a reconstructive challenge to obtain an ideal osseous form and height with adequate soft tissue investment. Though variety of prosthetic and surgical reconstructive options like the use of vascularized and non vascularized bone grafts are available they produce less than optimal results. Bone transport distraction is a reliable procedure in various maxillofacial bony defect reconstruction techniques.

Disc Anchoring with an Orthodontic Mini-Screw for Chronic Meniscocondylar Dislocation of TMJ.

Introduction: Various surgical modalities have been tried for the correction of chronic recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint. However, most of these techniques are aimed at creating an artificial block or removing any interference in the path of the translating condyle. Chronic dislocation can also be classified as meniscotemporal and menisocondylar, depending upon whether the dislocation occurs between the condyle-disc unit and temporal bone (meniscotemporal), or between the disc and condyle (meniscocondylar).

Total Alloplastic Temporomandibular Joint Reconstruction for Management of TMJ Ankylosis.

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis involves the fusion of the mandibular condyle to the glenoid fossa, the skull base. The dilemma with regards to treatment planning whether distraction is done before gap arthroplasty or as a simultaneous procedure or after gap arthroplasty is still a controversy. In an attempt to carry out both the procedures simultaneously there is loss of vector control of the distal segment and the risk of pseudoarthrosis at the osteotomy site.

Chalcone coating on cotton cloth - an approach to reduce attachment of live microbes.

Drug resistant bacteria are a major threat to humans, especially those which mediate nosocomial infections. In this paper, three different 4-sulfonylmethyl chalcones are coated onto cotton cloths with acacia as the binder using a padding mangle to make them antibacterial. A 99% reduction in the adhesion of three slime producing organisms, namely Staphylococcus aureus NCIM5021, Escherichia coli NCIM2931 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCIM2901, on these surfaces was observed.

Early universal screening for gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To study the prevalence of Gestational diabetes mellitus and to assess the impact of early universal screening to detect Gestational diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive 1106 pregnant women were screened for Gestational diabetes mellitus at their first prenatal visit during the study period of February 2012 to January 2013. All the women were screened with a initial 50 gram one hour glucose challenge test (GCT) and those women who tested positive were subjected to a standardized 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT).

An unusual case of brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism associated with ectopic parathyroid adenoma.

Brown tumor is a giant cell lesion associated with hyperparathyroidism. It is a non-neoplastic condition and represents terminal stage of the remodeling process in hyperparathyroid state. We report a case of brown tumor with multiple lesions in craniofacial region associated with ectopic parathyroid adenoma revealed after acute L-thyroxine poisoning.

Bifid hyperplastic mandibular condyle.

Condylar hyperplasia is a rare non-neoplastic pathology associated with overgrowth of the mandibular condyle. Presentation of condylar hyperplasia with bifid mandibular condyle has never been reported in literature. Early management of the hyperplastic disorders of the mandibular condyle can prevent occlusal canting and developing asymmetric deformities.

Bilateral transmigration of mandibular canines: a rare occurrence.

Transmigration is a phenomenon in which an unerupted tooth migrates and crosses the midline. Transmigration of the mandibular permanent canine is a rare phenomenon. We report a case of bilateral transmigrated mandibular canines, which presented as pain in the lower anterior teeth.

Transport distraction osteogenesis for maxillomandibular reconstruction: current concepts and applications.

Reconstruction of the facial skeleton remains a herculean task for a reconstructive surgeon, even with the availability of ample reconstructive options. Transport distraction osteogenesis is a novel reconstructive modality in the armamentarium of a maxillofacial reconstructive surgeon with obvious advantages of osteogenesis and histogenesis from the residual host tissues after tumor ablative surgeries or trauma and also, precludes donor site morbidity. This paper reviews the current concepts, principles involved and applications of transport distraction osteogenesis in maxillomandibular reconstruction.

Maxillary cementoblastoma--a rarity.

Background: This paper highlights the unusual and rare presentation of a cementoblastoma in the maxilla. It also discusses a review on this odontogenic pathology.

Case Report: We present a cementoblastoma appearing in an atypical site in a young girl.

Orofacial granulomatosis: a clinicopathologic correlation.

Orofacial granulomatosis is an uncommon disorder, but has been increasingly recognized in the past decade. It causes significant morbidity in the patient including oral ulcerations, enlargement of soft tissues which are often persistent and painful. This necessitates early medical intervention.