Dual-Function Alloying Nitrate Additives Stabilize Fast-Charging Lithium Metal Batteries.

Lithium metal is regarded as the "holy grail" of lithium-ion battery anodes due to its exceptionally high theoretical capacity (3800 mAh g) and lowest possible electrochemical potential (-3.04 V vs Li/Li); however, lithium suffers from the dendritic formation that leads to parasitic reactions and cell failure. In this work, we stabilize fast-charging lithium metal plating/stripping with dual-function alloying -nitrate additives (: Ag, Bi, Ga, In, and Zn).