Robust Electrografting on Self-Organized 3D Graphene Electrodes.

Improving graphene-based electrode fabrication processes and developing robust methods for its functionalization are two key research routes to develop new high-performance electrodes for electrochemical applications. Here, a self-organized three-dimensional (3D) graphene electrode processed by pulsed laser deposition with thermal annealing is reported. This substrate shows great performance in electron transfer kinetics regarding ferrocene redox probes in solution.

Highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor for bisphenol A detection based on a diazonium-functionalized boron-doped diamond electrode modified with a multi-walled carbon nanotube-tyrosinase hybrid film.

A highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor for the detection of Bisphenol A (BPA) in water has been developed by immobilizing tyrosinase onto a diazonium-functionalized boron doped diamond electrode (BDD) modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The fabricated biosensor exhibits excellent electroactivity towards o-quinone, a product of this enzymatic reaction of BPA oxidation catalyzed by tyrosinase. The developed BPA biosensor displays a large linear range from 0.

Sensitive impedimetric biosensor for direct detection of diazinon based on lipases.

Two novel impedimetric biosensors for highly sensitive and rapid quantitative detection of diazinon in aqueous medium were developed using two types of lipase, from Candida Rugosa (microbial source) (CRL) and from porcine pancreas (animal source) (PPL) immobilized on functionalized gold electrode. Lipase is characterized to specifically catalyze the hydrolysis of ester functions leading to the transformation of diazinon into diethyl phosphorothioic acid (DETP) and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine (IMHP). The developed biosensors both presented a wide range of linearity up to 50 μM with a detection limit of 10 nM for Candida Rugosa biosensor and 0.