Background: Leishmaniasis as an emerging and reemerging disease is increasing worldwide with high prevalence and new incidence in recent years. For epidemiological investigation and accurate identification of species, three nuclear and mitochondrial genes (ITS-rDNA, Hsp70, and Cyt ) were employed and analyzed from clinical samples in three important Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ZCL) foci of Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional/descriptive study conducted in 2014-15, serous smears of lesions were directly prepared from suspected patients of ZCL in Turkmen in northeast, Abarkouh in center and Shush district in southwest of Iran.