Investigating the organizational commitment and its associated factors among the staff of the health sector: a cross-sectional research.

Introduction: Organizational commitment (OC) significantly impacts the quality of care provided by healthcare staff. It reflects employees' connection to and engagement with their organization, affecting job satisfaction, employee turnover, and the overall success of the healthcare organization. This research seeks to assess OC levels and identify its influencing factors among health sector staff in Shiraz, southwestern Iran.

Anti-MUC1 nanobody can synergize the Tamoxifen and Herceptin effects on breast cancer cells by inducing ER, PR and HER2 overexpression.

Introduction: One of the most pressing concerns associated with breast cancer-targeted therapies is resistance to Tamoxifen and Herceptin. Such drug resistance is usually characterized by reduced expression of certain cell surface receptors. Some biological regimens can induce perceptible overexpression of these receptors in favor of drug responsiveness.

Production of novel recombinant anti-EpCAM antibody as targeted therapy for breast cancer.

Background: The utilization of monoclonal antibodies (moAbs), an issue correlated with the biopharmaceutical professions, is developing and maturing. Coordinated with this conception, we produced the appealingly modeled anti-EpCAM scFv for breast cancer tumors.

Methods: Afterward cloning and expression of recombinant antibody in Escherichia coli bacteria, the correctness of the desired antibody was checked by western blotting.

Synthesized Anti-HER2 Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1 Conjugate: An Evaluation of Efficacy and Cytotoxicity.

Background: Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets site-specifically human epidermal growth factor-2 receptor (HER2) cell surface antigen overexpressed in approximately 20% of human breast carcinomas. Despite its positive therapeutic outcomes, a large proportion of individuals are unresponsive to the treatment with the trastuzumab or develop resistance to it.

Objective: To evaluate a chemically synthesized trastuzumab-based antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) to improve the trastuzumab therapeutic index.

Development of a MET-targeted single-chain antibody fragment as an anti-oncogene targeted therapy for breast cancer.

The usage of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and antibody fragments, as a matter associated with the biopharmaceutical industry, is increasingly growing. Harmonious with this concept, we designed an exclusive modeled single-chain variable fragment (scFv) against mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) oncoprotein. This scFv was newly developed from Onartuzumab sequence by gene cloning, and expression using bacterial host.

Recombinant nanobody against MUC1 tandem repeats inhibits growth, invasion, metastasis, and vascularization of spontaneous mouse mammary tumors.

Alteration in glycosylation pattern of MUC1 mucin tandem repeats during carcinomas has been shown to negatively affect adhesive properties of malignant cells and enhance tumor invasiveness and metastasis. In addition, MUC1 overexpression is closely interrelated with angiogenesis, making it a great target for immunotherapy. Alongside, easier interaction of nanobodies (single-domain antibodies) with their antigens, compared to conventional antibodies, is usually associated with superior desirable results.

Engineered hypoxia-responding Escherichia coli carrying cardiac peptide genes, suppresses tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis in vivo.

Development of engineered non-pathogenic bacteria, capable of expressing anti-cancer proteins under tumor-specific conditions, is an ideal approach for selectively eradicating proliferating cancer cells. Herein, using an engineered hypoxia responding nirB promoter, we developed an engineered Escherichia coli BW25133 strain capable of expressing cardiac peptides and GFP signaling protein under hypoxic condition for spatiotemporal targeting of mice mammary tumors. Following determination of the in vitro cytotoxicity profile of the engineered bacteria, selective accumulation of bacteria in tumor microenvironment was studied 48 h after tail vein injection of 10 cfu bacteria in animals.

Development of a recombinant anti-VEGFR2-EPCAM bispecific antibody to improve antiangiogenic efficiency.

Tumor progression and metastasis, especially in invasive cancers (such as triple-negative breast cancer [TNBC]), depend on angiogenesis, in which vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF)/vascular epithelial growth factor receptor [1] has a decisive role, followed by the metastatic spread of cancer cells. Although some studies have shown that anti-VEGFR2/VEGF monoclonal antibodies demonstrated favorable results in the clinic, this approach is not efficient, and further investigations are needed to improve the quality of cancer treatment. Besides, the increased expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) in various cancers, for instance, invasive breast cancer, contributes to angiogenesis, facilitating the migration of tumor cells to other parts of the body.

The Role of Mucosal Immunity and Recombinant Probiotics in SARS-CoV2 Vaccine Development.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), causing the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), was introduced by WHO (World Health Organization) as "pandemic" in March 2020. According to WHO, thus far (23 November 2020) 58,425,681 infected cases including 1,385,218 deaths have been reported worldwide. In order to reduce transmission and spread of this lethal virus, attempts are globally being made to develop an appropriate vaccine.

Dual in vitro invasion/migration suppressing and tamoxifen response modulating effects of a recombinant anti-ALCAM scFv on breast cancer cells.

It has been shown that overexpression of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is involved in development of resistance to tamoxifen therapy and promotion of cell invasion, migration and metastasis in ER+ breast cancer cells. Thus, we hypothesized that blockade of ALCAM interconnections with antibodies could be an effective approach for reversing mentioned negative events associated with ALCAM overexpression in breast cancer cells. Here, an anti-ALCAM scFv was recombinantly expressed and used throughout study for examination of the putative anticancer effects of ALCAM blockade.

Evaluation the potential of recombinant anti-CD3 nanobody on immunomodulatory function.

T cells are the most predominant effector cells in immune-mediated elimination of cancer and circumventing tumor progression. Among various approaches, T cells activation by specific antibodies independently of their TCR specificity, is considered as an effective approach to circumvent tumor progression. The most common surface marker for all T cells which is crucial for T cell activation is regarded as CD3.

Development of an anti-CD45RA-quantum dots conjugated scFv to detect leukemic cancer stem cells.

Leukemic cancer stem cells (LSCs), aberrantly overexpressing CD45RA are among the major causes of relapse following chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and serve as a highly sensitive marker for predicting relapse occurrence following chemotherapy. The main purpose of current study was to develop a sensitive approach for detecting LSCs based on a conjugate of an anti-CD45 scFv and quantum dot. The variable light and heavy chain sequences of a recently developed anti-CD45RA monoclonal antibody were derived from hybridoma cells and PCR amplified to construct scFv.

The antiproliferative effects of cold atmospheric plasma-activated media on different cancer cell lines, the implication of ozone as a possible underlying mechanism.

Recent studies have proven several promising anticancer activities for cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) against a wide range of cancer cells in vitro. Recently, media treated with CAP have also found to effectively eradicate cancer cells similar to the CAP. Based on advantages, many researchers prefer to apply CAP-activated media (PAM) as an alternative to cap in the treatment of cancer.

Self-filling microwell arrays (SFMAs) for tumor spheroid formation.

Tumor spheroid formation in microwell arrays is a promising approach for high-throughput screening of chemotherapeutic agents. This method offers the advantage of better mimicking the complexities of tumors as compared to conventional monolayer culture systems. However, using these technologies to their full potential is hindered by the inability to seed the cells within the wells uniformly and with high yield and reproducibility.

eNOS gene Glu298Asp variant confer risk in sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) causes the loss of hearing of 30 dB or greater on at least three contiguous frequencies. It is known to be a multifactorial disease which the exact cause is unknown, rendering it as an idiopathic disorder of patients.

Aims/objectives: This study aims to shed further light on pathogenesis of this disease by studying the association between eNOS gene Glu298Asp polymorphism and VDR gene FokI polymorphism with SSNHL in Iranian population.

Significant Role of MUC1 in Development of Resistance to Currently Existing Anti-cancer Therapeutic Agents.

As an extensively glycosylated transmembrane protein of epithelium, Mucin1 (MUC1) mostly protects cells from tensions induced by external milieu. Physiologically, during stress condition, MUC1 separates into MUC1-N and MUC1-C moieties, resulting in transduction of inward survival signals, essential for maintaining cell's functionality. Recent studies have proposed a significant correlation between MUC1 overexpression and amplification of cancer cell's proliferation and metastasis through modulation of multiple signaling pathways and cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions.

Blinatumomab provoked fatal heart failure.

Mentioned in Blinatumomab (Blincyto®) clinical safety report, a 5 year old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving Blincyto® with the concentration of 30μg/m/day on the fourth day of therapy developed both Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) and Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Bilirubin peaks were 18, 7 and 8 folds more than upper normal limit (UNL) respectively. However, albumin was reduced to approximately half of the lower Normal limit (LNL).