Evaluation of Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Children with Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis.

: Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health problem in both developing and developed countries. Childhood TB is also an important epidemiological indicator in terms of forming the future TB pool. The diagnosis of TB is difficult in children due to the lack of a standard clinical and radiological description.

Genotypic characterization of isolates from Turkish children with cystic fibrosis.

To identify epidemic and other transmissible strains, genotypic analyses are required. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of strains within the Turkish pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) clinic population. Eighteen patients attending the pediatric CF clinic of Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty were investigated in the study.

Tuberculin skin test response in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis on anti-TNF therapy.

Background/aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of biologic drugs on the tuberculin skin test in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Materials And Methods: A total of 234 biologic drug-using juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients and 45 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The tuberculin skin test results of the patients, which had been routinely provided during follow-up, were obtained from the patient files.

Profile of the patients who present to immunology outpatient clinics because of frequent infections.

Aim: We aimed to determine the rate of primary immune deficiency (PID) among children presenting to our immunology outpatient clinic with a history of frequent infections and with warning signs of primary immune deficiency.

Material And Methods: The files of 232 children aged between 1 and 18 years with warning signs of primary immune deficiency who were referred to our pediatric immunology outpatient clinic with a complaint of frequent infections were selected and evaluated retrospectively.

Results: Thirty-six percent of the subjects were female (n=84) and 64% were male (n=148).

Primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis mimicking tuberculous meningitis.

Primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis is a disease with an aggressive course that can result in death. To date, 82 cases have been reported. Here, the case of a 3-year-old male patient presenting with strabismus, headache, and restlessness is reported.

A case of oculoglandular tularemia resistant to medical treatment.

Tularemia is a zoonotic disease of the northern hemisphere. Oculoglandular tularemia is the rarest form, comprising 1.4-4.

Toxicological evaluation of two children diagnosed as Munchausen syndrome by proxy.

Munchausen syndrome by proxy is a kind of child abuse in which affected children are often hospitalized for long periods and endure repetitive, painful and expensive diagnostic attempts. We present herein two toxicologically confirmed cases of Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Case 1 is a 16-month-old male who had fever, peripheral cyanosis, tremor, and reported cardiac arrest.

Is it safe to use anti-TNF-α agents for tuberculosis in children suffering with chronic rheumatic disease?

To determine the incidence of latent tuberculosis infection and evaluate the follow-up protocol of the patients diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and other chronic rheumatologic diseases treated with anti-TNF-α treatment (etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab) in Turkey, 144 patients were evaluated retrospectively for the development of tuberculosis. Patients were evaluated every 6 months for tuberculosis using history, physical examination, tuberculin skin test (TST), chest radiographs, and, when required, examination of sputum/early morning gastric aspirates for acid-fast bacilli and chest tomography. A tuberculin skin test over 10 mm induration was interpreted as positive.

Primary intracranial abscess localized in the basal ganglia: a case report.

Brain abscesses are serious infections that cause neurological problems and generally require antibiotic treatment and surgical drainage. Hematogenous brain abscesses are generally located in the region fed by the middle cerebral artery, but are occasionally found in deep tissues, such as the basal ganglia and thalamus.

Relation between serum Insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 levels, clinical status and growth parameters in prepubertal cystic fibrosis patients.

Background: This study aims to determine the relation between anabolic hormones, Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), growth parameters, and clinical status in prepubertal cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. This prospective study comprises age/sex-matched control subjects and was set in a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Methods: Serum concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were measured in 37 CF and 23 healthy subjects, whose mean ages were 5.

HHV-8-associated Kaposi sarcoma in a child with IFNgammaR1 deficiency.

Objectives: Mediterranean classic Kaposi sarcoma (KS) of childhood is rare and unexplained. Our objective is to describe the case of a child with complete IFNgammaR1 deficiency and severe mycobacterial disease in whom Kaposi sarcoma (KS) developed.

Results: Disseminated mycobacterial infection began at the age of 5 months, and at 11 years of age the child had disseminated KS lesions.