Prognostic value of the 6-gene OncoMasTR test in hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer: Comparative analysis with standard clinicopathological factors.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic performance of a 6-gene molecular score (OncoMasTR Molecular Score [OMm]) and a composite risk score (OncoMasTR Risk Score [OM]) and to conduct a within-patient comparison against four routinely used molecular and clinicopathological risk assessment tools: Oncotype DX Recurrence Score, Ki67, Nottingham Prognostic Index and Clinical Risk Category, based on the modified Adjuvant! Online definition and three risk factors: patient age, tumour size and grade.

Methods: Biospecimens and clinicopathological information for 404 Irish women also previously enrolled in the Trial Assigning Individualized Options for Treatment [Rx] were provided by 11 participating hospitals, as the primary objective of an independent translational study. Gene expression measured via RT-qPCR was used to calculate OMm and OM.

Feature fusion of Raman chemical imaging and digital histopathology using machine learning for prostate cancer detection.

The diagnosis of prostate cancer is challenging due to the heterogeneity of its presentations, leading to the over diagnosis and treatment of non-clinically important disease. Accurate diagnosis can directly benefit a patient's quality of life and prognosis. Towards addressing this issue, we present a learning model for the automatic identification of prostate cancer.

High Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor 1 Expression Correlates with Poor Survival of Uveal Melanoma Patients and Cognate Antagonist Drugs Modulate the Growth, Cancer Secretome, and Metabolism of Uveal Melanoma Cells.

Metastatic uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare, but often lethal, form of ocular cancer arising from melanocytes within the uveal tract. UM has a high propensity to spread hematogenously to the liver, with up to 50% of patients developing liver metastases. Unfortunately, once liver metastasis occurs, patient prognosis is extremely poor with as few as 8% of patients surviving beyond two years.

Advances in tissue-based imaging: impact on oncology research and clinical practice.

Introduction: Tissue-based imaging has emerged as a critical tool in translational cancer research and is rapidly gaining traction within a clinical context. Significant progress has been made in the digital pathology arena, particularly in respect of brightfield and fluorescent imaging. Critically, the cellular context of molecular alterations occurring at DNA, RNA, or protein level within tumor tissue is now being more fully appreciated.

Improving the uniformity of holographic recording using multi-layer photopolymer: Part II. Experimental results.

In the first part of this study, a 3D nonlocal photopolymerization driven diffusion model was developed and applied to simulate the absorption and polymerization taking place during holographic exposures of a multi-layer. The Beer-Lambert law was used to choose appropriate dye concentrations for each layer, with the objective of improving the resulting volume grating uniformity and thus diffraction characteristics. The predictions made, using previously estimated physical parameter values, indicated that improvements in the uniformity of the recorded modulation were possible.

Improving the uniformity of holographic recording using multilayer photopolymer. Part I. Theoretical analysis.

An experimental and theoretical investigation of the preparation and exposure of multilayer photosensitive materials is presented. It is shown how the recorded change in the refractive index in each layer depends on the dye (photosensitizer) concentrations in each layer. It is also shown how the photosensitive material properties in each layer can be controlled to optimize some recording characteristics for particular applications.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering for rapid hematopoietic stem cell differentiation analysis.

Raman-spectroscopy-based methods, such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, are a well-evolved method to molecular fingerprint cell types. Here we demonstrate that surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy can enable us to distinguish cell development stages of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells towards red blood cells through the identification of specific surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy biomarkers. The approach taken here is to allow cells to take in gold nanoparticles as Raman enhancement platforms for kinetic structural observations presented here through the view of the multidimensional parameter contribution, thereby enabling profiling of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells acquired from proliferation (stage one), differentiation (stage two), and mature red blood cells (stage three).

Photoinduced Enhanced Raman from Lithium Niobate on Insulator Template.

Photoinduced enhanced Raman spectroscopy from a lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI)-silver nanoparticle template is demonstrated both by irradiating the template with 254 nm ultraviolet (UV) light before adding an analyte and before placing the substrate in the Raman system (substrate irradiation) and by irradiating the sample in the Raman system after adding the molecule (sample irradiation). The photoinduced enhancement enables up to an ∼sevenfold increase of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering signal strength of an analyte following substrate irradiation, whereas an ∼threefold enhancement above the surface-enhanced signal is obtained for sample irradiation. The photoinduced enhancement relaxes over the course of ∼10 h for a substrate irradiation duration of 150 min before returning to initial signal levels.

Single-Molecule Nonresonant Wide-Field Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering from Ferroelectrically Defined Au Nanoparticle Microarrays.

Single-molecule detection by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful spectroscopic technique that is of interest for the sensor development field. An important aspect of optimizing the materials used in SERS-based sensors is the ability to have a high density of "hot spots" that enhance the SERS sensitivity to the single-molecule level. Photodeposition of gold (Au) nanoparticles through electric-field-directed self-assembly on a periodically proton-exchanged lithium niobate (PPELN) substrate provides conditions to form well-ordered microscale features consisting of closely packed Au nanoparticles.

Micro- or nanorod and nanosphere structures derived from a series of phenyl-porphyrins.

We examine here a series of meso-phenyl porphyrin micro- and nanostructures. Optical absorption and emission spectroscopy imaging and atomic force microscopy are used to investigate the effect of peripheral groups in nano- and microstructures of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP) compared to three other phenylporphyrins, i.e.