Do Serum Nesfatin-1 Levels have A Predictive Role in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Microvascular Complications? A Case-Control Study.

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease with macrovascular and microvascular complications. Nesfatin-1 is a neuropeptide that develops from a more substantial intermediate compound known as nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2). Nesfatin-1 is known to play a role in regulating various physiological processes related to appetite, energy balance, and body weight.

GLP-1R polymorphism (rs1042044) and expression are associated with the risk of papillary thyroid cancer among the Egyptian population.

Background: Glucagon like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist usage has previously been linked to an elevated incidence of thyroid cell adenomas and carcinomas in animals.

Aim: The goal of this study was to determine if there was an association between GLP-1R gene polymorphism and expression with the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its clinical characteristics among the Egyptian population.

Material And Methods: A total of eighty PTC patients and eighty healthy controls were included in the study.

Osteoprotegerin expression and serum values in obese women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Obesity and diabetes prevalence are increasing worldwide. We aimed to detect the possible association of osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene expression with visceral adiposity indices and cardiometabolic risk factors among obese women.

Methods And Results: The study enrolled 150 controls and 150 obese cases subdivided into two subgroups non-diabetic (n = 70) and 80 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Interferon-gamma Expression Profile as Diagnostic Signatures of Unexplained Infertility in Female Patients Suffer from Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.

Diagnosis of unexplained infertility (UEI) is made by exclusion and a relatively common problem that affects couples worldwide. Unfortunately, it is a not uncommon for females to suffer from Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Interferon-gamma (IFN- γ) has a central key role in HT and in the ability to conceive.

The diagnostic significance of circulating lncRNA ADAMTS9-AS2 tumor biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer among the Egyptian population.

Background: Long non-coding RNA ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 9 antisense RNA 2 (ADAMTS9-AS2) was recognized as a novel tumor suppressor and plays an important role in the initiation and progression of malignant behavior in human cancers, although its plasma expression and clinical value in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unknown. We aimed to analyze the diagnostic role of ADAMTS9-AS2 and cytokeratin 19 fragmentation antigen (CYFRA 21-1) in NSCLC.

Methods: The present study included 80 control subjects, 80 patients with benign lung lesion and 80 NSCLC patients.

Urinary exosomal microRNA-96-5p and microRNA-183-5p expression as potential biomarkers of bladder cancer.

Because of low sensitivity and specificity of the currently available urine biomarkers of bladder cancer (BC) detection and painful cystoscopy procedure. Our study aimed to evaluate expression of urinary exosomal miR-96-5p and miR-183-5p as probable non-invasive and accurate biomarkers for the diagnosis and follow up of BC. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; expression of exosomal microRNA (miR)-96-5p and miR- 183-5p in the urine samples of 51 patients with BC, 21 patients with benign urinary bladder lesions and in 24 normal individuals as control group was done.

Circulating miR-181a and miR-223 expression with the potential value of biomarkers for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus and predicting lupus nephritis.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the development and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by affecting a wide range of targeted genes and facilitating the development of lupus nephritis (LN). The present study aimed to analyze the serum expression of miR-181a and miR-223 in SLE patients and to assess whether they could serve as novel biomarkers for SLE diagnosis and to distinguish LN.

Methods: The study included 70 control subjects and 116 patients with SLE (67 non-LN and 49 LN groups).

Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody in Lupus Nephritis: Correlation with Clinicopathological Characteristics and Disease Activity.

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) represents 40%-50% of all systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) might be involved in the pathogenesis of LN.

Objective: We evaluated the role of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA, proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA, and anti-glomerular basement membrane autoantibodies (anti-GBM autoAb) for the diagnosis of LN.

The pattern of thyroiditis in multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Egypt.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with varied clinical features. Disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) of MS associated with different types of thyroiditis. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in MS and to investigate the association between DMDs and the risk of thyroiditis in MS.

Combined serum miR-29c and miR-149 expression analysis as diagnostic genetic markers for colorectal cancer.

Circulating miRNAs gathered much interest in cancer research as noninvasive biomarkers. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of miR-29c and miR-149 among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and to explore their diagnostic and prognostic potentials in relation to the clinical and pathological features. The expression levels of miR-29c and miR-149 were evaluated in the sera of 80 CRC patients, 80 colorectal adenoma (CRA) patients, and 80 healthy controls using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Association of vaspin gene expression and its serum level on the risk of ischemic stroke in type 2 diabetic Egyptian patients: Prospective case-control study.

We aimed to evaluate serum vaspin and its gene expression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to assess the association of serum vaspin and its gene expression with susceptibility of ischemic stroke (IS). The prospective case-control study included 50 healthy individuals in a control group, and 90 patients with and T2DM were stratified into two subgroups: patients with IS and patients without IS. The serum vaspin concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and serum levels as markers of pre-clinical atherosclerosis in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disorder characterized by obesity, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a proinflammatory and proatherogenic cytokine which is associated with atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The pathogenesis of PCOS is not precisely known.

Serum Levels of Transforming Growth Factor Beta -1 (TGF-β1) as An Early No Invasive Marker for Diagnosis of Lupus Nephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients.

About 40-50% of all patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are associated with significant morbidity and a poor prognosis. The transforming growth factor β-1(TGF-β1) is a member of cytokines families which has emerged as an important player in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including SLE. In this study we aimed to evaluate TGF-β1 as a noninvasive diagnostic test for early diagnosis of LN and to assess the correlations between TGFβ-1 and clinic-pathologic characteristics as well as disease activity of SLE.

Effect of a 24-week weight management program on serum leptin level in correlation to anthropometric measures in obese female: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Obesity is a major contributor to preventable disease and death across the globe. Obesity is complex. Although its risk factors are myriad and compounding, there is an urgent need for a deeper understanding of the way risk factors interact with each other.

Kisspeptin and body weight homeostasis in relation to phenotypic features of polycystic ovary syndrome; metabolic regulation of reproduction.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by a diverse collection of reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. kisspeptin (KISS) is novel peptides associated with regulation of metabolism, food intake, puberty and reproduction. The aim of the present study was to estimate KISS level in patients with PCOS, and to evaluate the possible relationship between KISS level with anthropometric measures as well as clinic-morphological features of PCOS.

Association of miRNA - 320 expression level and its target gene endothelin-1 with the susceptibility and clinical features of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disorder characterized by obesity, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance (IR). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA associated with ovarian follicle development and female fertility. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of miRNA- 320 and its target gene endothelin-1 (ET-1) as a noninvasive biomarker of PCOS and to evaluate its possible relationship with IR as well as clinic-morphological features of PCOS.

Interleukin-6 and hs-CRP as Early Diagnostic Biomarkers for Obesity-Related Peripheral Polyneuropathy in Non-Diabetic Patients.

The number of obese individuals is surging in developed and developing countries. Obesity predisposes to many serious illnesses. Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is one of its major complications.

Serum miRNA-27a and miRNA-18b as potential predictive biomarkers of hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains the main risk factor for chronic hepatitis (CHC), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Changes in microRNA (miRNA) profiles can be associated with HCV infection and may either favor or inhibit the virus and/or its complication. Moreover, miRNAs have emerged as key regulators of various cancers including HCC.

Angiopoietin-like protein 3 and 4 expression 4 and their serum levels in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 6th most common cancer and the 3rd leading cause of cancer causing death allover the world. The aim of this research to explore the clinical relevance of blood angiopoietin-like protein-3 (ANGPTL3) and ANGPTL4 expression and their proteins levels as non invasive biomarkers in cirrhotic and HCC patients and their influence on the clinicopathological features of HCC.

Material And Methods: This work comprised 200 patients with chronic hepatitis (120 cases complicated with cirrhosis, 80 patients with primary HCC) and 100 controls.

Lipocalin-2 expression and serum levels as early predictors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in obese women.

Obesity and diabetes are increasing in epidemic proportions globally. Lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) is an inflammatory adipocytokine and obesity-related marker of low-grade inflammation. We aimed to investigate, for first time, the possible role of LCN-2 expression and serum levels in prediction of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among obese Egyptian women.

Serum Anti-TPO and TPO Gene Polymorphism as a Predictive Factor for Hidden Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Patient with Bronchial Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis.

Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Autoimmune thyroiditis is a common disorder affecting 10% of population worldwide. A key feature of autoimmune thyroiditis is the presence of anti TPO antibodies, and some mutation of the TPO gene.

Association between genes encoding components of the Leutinizing hormone/Luteinizing hormone-choriogonadotrophin receptor pathway and polycystic ovary syndrome in Egyptian women.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine-metabolic disorders; however, its pathophysiology is still unclear. Certain polymorphisms of luteinizing hormone beta-subunit (LHβ) and LH/choriogonadotrophin receptor (LHCGR) genes may lead to changes in the bioactivity of this hormone. We aimed to investigate possible associations between polymorphisms in the LHβ and LHCGR genes and PCOS among Egyptian women.

Influence of tumor necrosis factor alpha gene promoter polymorphisms and its serum level on migraine susceptibility in Egyptian patients.

Background: Migraine is a common chronic neurological disorder with still largely unknown pathogenesis. We aimed to explore the possible role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) gene polymorphisms as risk factors of migraine, and whether they influence the TNF-α level.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred patients with migraine and 200 controls were enrolled in this study.

Impact of insulin-like growth factor 2, insulin-like growth factor receptor 2, insulin receptor substrate 2 genes polymorphisms on susceptibility and clinicopathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) is an important autocrine and paracrine growth factor which may induce cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis leading to the transformation of normal cells into malignant cells. This study aimed to evaluate the possible roles of IGF-2, insulin-like growth factor-2 receptor (IGF-2R), and insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-2 genes polymorphisms in susceptibility and clinicopathological features of HCC in Egyptian population.

Adiponectin gene polymorphisms in Egyptian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without diabetic nephropathy.

Recently, several reports addressed the associations of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene polymorphisms with abnormal adiponectin serum levels, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and diabetic nephropathy (DN); however, results are inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the possible association of ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms with T2DM and/or DN and whether they affect serum adiponectin levels in Egyptian population. Two hundred and ninety-six T2DM patients (100 normoalbuminuric patients, 103 microalbuminuric patients, and 93 macroalbuminuric patients) and 209 controls were enrolled in the present study.