Ceftolozane/Tazobactam treatment for patients with hospital-acquired and ventilatory-associated bacterial pneumonia in Canada in 2022-2024: results from the CLEAR registry.

Background: We report results from the national CLEAR (Canadian Leadership on Antimicrobial Real-Life Usage) registry on the usage of ceftolozane/tazobactam in Canada from 2022 to 2024.

Research Design And Methods: The authors reviewed the final data using the national ethics approved CLEAR study. Thereafter, the literature is surveyed regarding the usage of ceftolozane/tazobactam to treat patients with HABP and VABP via PubMed (up to May 2024).

Cefepime-Taniborbactam: A Novel Cephalosporin/β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combination.

Taniborbactam (formerly known as VNRX-5133) is a novel bicyclic boronate β-lactamase inhibitor of serine β-lactamases (SBLs) [Ambler classes A, C, and D] and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) [Ambler class B], including NDM and VIM, but not IMP. Cefepime-taniborbactam is active in vitro against most isolates of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), including both carbapenemase-producing and carbapenemase-non-producing CRE and CRPA, as well as against multidrug-resistant (MDR), ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant, meropenem-vaborbactam-resistant, and ceftolozane-tazobactam-resistant Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa.

Real-life experience with IV dalbavancin in Canada; results from the CLEAR (Canadian LEadership on Antimicrobial Real-life usage) registry.

Objectives: We report the use of IV dalbavancin in Canadian patients using data captured by the national CLEAR registry.

Methods: The CLEAR registry uses the web-based data management program, REDCap™ (online survey https://rcsurvey.radyfhs.

Real-life experience with IV fosfomycin in Canada: Results from the Canadian LEadership on Antimicrobial Real-life usage (CLEAR) registry.

Objectives: Data on the use of intravenous (IV) fosfomycin in Canada are limited. Using data captured by the Canadian LEadership on Antimicrobial Real-life usage (CLEAR) registry, we report the use of IV fosfomycin in Canadian patients.

Methods: The CLEAR registry uses the web-based data management program, REDCap (https://rcsurvey.

Sulopenem: An Intravenous and Oral Penem for the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections Due to Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Sulopenem (formerly known as CP-70,429, and CP-65,207 when a component of a racemic mixture with its R isomer) is an intravenous and oral penem that possesses in vitro activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant, extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing, multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales. Sulopenem is being developed to treat patients with uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) as well as intra-abdominal infections. This review will focus mainly on its use in UTIs.

Cefazolin versus cloxacillin as definitive antibiotic therapy for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus spinal epidural abscess: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: We compared the effectiveness of cefazolin and cloxacillin as definitive antibiotic therapy for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) spinal epidural abscess (SEA).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with MSSA SEA from two academic hospitals in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, between 2014 and 2020. Patients treated with cefazolin were compared to those treated with cloxacillin.

In South Africa, a 2-dose Oxford/AZ vaccine did not prevent mild to moderate COVID-19 (cases mainly B.1.351 variant).

Madhi SA, Baillie V, Cutland CL, et al. . N Engl J Med.

Local audit of empiric antibiotic therapy in bacteremia: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: It is unclear if a local audit would be useful in providing guidance on how to improve local practice of empiric antibiotic therapy. We performed an audit of antibiotic therapy in bacteremia to evaluate the proportion and risk factors for inadequate empiric antibiotic coverage.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with positive blood cultures across 3 hospitals in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada during October of 2019.

Real-life experience with ceftobiprole in Canada: Results from the CLEAR (CanadianLEadership onAntimicrobialReal-life usage) registry.

Objectives: Ceftobiprole is an advanced-generation cephalosporin with a favourable safety profile. Published data on the clinical use of ceftobiprole are limited. We report use of ceftobiprole in Canadian patients using data captured by the CLEAR registry.

Distant metastatic foci of infection in adult patients with diabetic foot - not as rare as we think?: case series and review of the literature.

Background: Diabetic foot is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus. We report clinical and microbiological characteristics and outcomes of cases with distant metastatic foci of infection arising from diabetic foot.

Methods: Retrospective review of adult patients with diabetic foot infection or diabetic foot ulcer who demonstrated distant metastatic foci of infection between August 2017 and December 2019.

Lefamulin: A Novel Oral and Intravenous Pleuromutilin for the Treatment of Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.

Lefamulin is a novel oral and intravenous (IV) pleuromutilin developed as a twice-daily treatment for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). It is a semi-synthetic pleuromutilin with a chemical structure that contains a tricyclic core of five-, six-, and eight-membered rings and a 2-(4-amino-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)sulfanylacetate side chain extending from C14 of the tricyclic core. Lefamulin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S bacterial ribosomal subunit in the peptidyl transferase center (PTC).

Daptomycin use in adult inpatients in a Canadian tertiary care setting.

Background: Daptomycin is approved by Health Canada for the treatment of bacteremia and complicated skin and soft tissue infections caused by gram-positive organisms, but is often used for other indications. We aimed to understand the indications, dosing, and safety profile of daptomycin use in a Canadian inpatient setting.

Methods: We included consecutive adult patients who received intravenous daptomycin as inpatients from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2016, at two tertiary care teaching hospitals in Hamilton, Ontario.

Antimicrobial utilization data: Does point prevalence data correlate with defined daily doses?

We correlated antibiotic consumption measured by point prevalence survey with defined daily doses (DDD) across multiple hospitals. Point prevalence survey had a higher correlation (1) with monthly DDDs than annual DDDs, (2) in nonsurgical versus surgical wards, and (3) on high- versus low-utilization wards. Findings may be hospital specific due to hospital differences.

Antimicrobial stewardship in the intensive care setting--a review and critical appraisal of the literature.

Background: Many antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) target the intensive care unit owing to high antimicrobial utilisation. In this review, we summarise and assess the quality of evidence supporting the implementation of various ASP strategies in the intensive care unit setting with a focus on publications between 2010 and 2015.

Methods: We searched Medline up to April 2015 and screened publications of interest for additional relevant articles.

Inadequate documentation of urinary tract infection symptoms in the medical chart.

We evaluated symptom documentation for 312 inpatients with bacteriuria by comparing information found in the chart with that obtained prospectively from the medical and nursing team caring for the patient. There was only moderate agreement (κ = 0.55), and only 77% of symptomatic patients had any symptom documented in the chart.

A Controlled Quasi-Experimental Study of an Educational Intervention to Reduce the Unnecessary Use of Antimicrobials For Asymptomatic Bacteriuria.

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) should only be treated in cases of pregnancy or in-patients undergoing urologic procedures; however, unnecessary treatment of ABU is common in clinical practice.

Objective: To identify risk factors for unnecessary treatment and to assess the impact of an educational intervention focused on these risk factors on treatment of ABU.

Design: Quasi-experimental study with a control group.