Learning health system research as a catalyst for promoting physician wellness: EHR InBasket Spring cleaning and team-based compassion practice.

Introduction: Addressing physician burnout is critical for healthcare systems. As electronic health record (EHR) workload and teamwork have been identified as major contributing factors to physician well-being, we aimed to mitigate burnout through EHR-based interventions and a compassion team practice (CTP), targeting EHR workload and team cohesion.

Methods: A modified stepped wedge-clustered randomized trial was conducted, involving specialties with heavy InBasket workloads.

Mixed method study of feasibility and acceptability of electronic screening for measurement-based symptom monitoring of veterans accessing mental health treatment in VA community care program settings.

Background: 2022 survey data showed 29% of Veterans utilized Veterans Affairs (VA) paid health care at a non-VA facility, 6% higher than in 2021. Despite an increase in the number of Veterans accessing care in the community via the MISSION Act Community Care Program (CCP), there is limited information on the quality of mental health care delivered to Veterans in these settings. Further, Veterans report barriers to quality care, including poor communication between CCP and VA providers, which can result in negative patient outcomes.

Assessing the effects of Enhanced Multicomponent Proactive Navigator-Assisted Cessation of Tobacco Use within a federally qualified health center (EMPACT-Us): a protocol study.

Background: California's relatively low smoking rate (10.1% in 2019-2020) (About CHIS, UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, 2024) masks deep disparities among low-income populations, where smoking rates are nearly double that of their middle- to upper-income peers. Low-income smokers report a similar desire to quit and similar rates of recent quit attempts as smokers from other groups; yet, they often face barriers in accessing effective resources to facilitate successful cessation.

Mobile phone ownership, social media use, and substance use at ages 11-13 in the ABCD study.

Introduction: There is ongoing concern about the impact of increasing use of social media and digital devices on unhealthy behaviors such as substance use in youth. Mobile phone and social media use have been associated with substance use in adolescent and young adult samples, but few studies have evaluated these relationships in younger samples.

Methods: This secondary analysis of data drawn from the ABCD Study examined associations between youth-reported mobile phone ownership and social media use at age 11-12 and use of alcohol, nicotine/tobacco, and cannabis over the next 18 months.

Social cognitive influences associated with susceptibility to nicotine and tobacco use in youth in the ABCD Study.

Introduction: Chronic use of nicotine and tobacco products (NTP) continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Uptake is most common among youth and young adults but knowledge about effective prevention and intervention approaches is insufficient. The goal of the present study was to examine the impact of social cognitive factors on NTP risk over time among youth in the national ABCD cohort.

The association of perceived cannabis risks and benefits with cannabis use since cancer diagnosis.

Background: Many patients with cancer use cannabis to help alleviate untreated cancer symptoms and side effects.

Methods: We examined associations of perceived benefits and risks and postdiagnosis cannabis use in a weighted sample of adult cancer survivors through a 1-time survey. Fifteen perceived cannabis use benefits and 19 perceived risks were operationalized as both summary scores and report of any benefits or risks.

Cancer stage and consideration of cannabis use among adult cancer survivors in Southern California.

Background: The benefits of cannabis in symptom management among cancer survivors are widely acknowledged; however, patterns of cannabis use by cancer stage at diagnosis are unknown.

Methods: Here, we examined the association between cancer stage at diagnosis and consideration of cannabis use since diagnosis. We analyzed cross-sectional survey data from 954 cancer survivors, weighted to be representative of a National Cancer Institute-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center's patient population.

Impacts of Telehealth Adoption on the Quality of Care for Individuals With Serious Mental Illness: Retrospective Observational Analysis of Veterans Affairs Administrative Data.

Background: Telehealth implementation can be challenging for persons with serious mental illness (SMI), which may impact their quality of care and health outcomes. The literature on telehealth's impacts on SMI care outcomes is mixed, necessitating further investigation.

Objective: We examined the impacts of facility-level telehealth adoption on quality of care metrics over time among patients with SMI.

Attentional Bias, Pupillometry, and Spontaneous Blink Rate: Eye Characteristic Assessment Within a Translatable Nicotine Cue Virtual Reality Paradigm.

Background: Incentive salience processes are important for the development and maintenance of addiction. Eye characteristics such as gaze fixation time, pupil diameter, and spontaneous eyeblink rate (EBR) are theorized to reflect incentive salience and may serve as useful biomarkers. However, conventional cue exposure paradigms have limitations that may impede accurate assessment of these markers.

A preliminary investigation of physical and mental health features of cannabis & nicotine co-use among adolescents and young adults by sex.

Introduction: Cannabis and nicotine/tobacco products (NTP) are commonly co-used in adolescence and young adulthood; however, limited research has been done on predictive health behaviors to co-use. The current study is a preliminary investigation into the relationships of modifiable health behaviors on cannabis and NTP co-use in adolescents and young adults.

Method: 221 participants (ages 16-22) were characterized into cannabis use only (N = 55), NTP use only (N = 20), cannabis and NTP co-use (used cannabis and NTP; N = 96) and control (no use; N = 50) groups based on past 30-day use.

Protocol for the development of a vaping cessation intervention for young adult veterans.

The use of e-cigarettes ("vaping") by young adults has increased substantially in the past decade. Although health risks of long-term e-cigarette use remain unknown, there is evidence of acute physiological harms. Most young adults who vape report intent to quit, but little is known about effective interventions.

The Association of Psychotherapy With Burnout, Depression, and Measures of Well-Being in Residents and Fellows: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: Resident physicians experience high rates of burnout and depression but rarely prioritize their well-being or seek mental health care. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education mandated that training programs prioritize resident wellness and emotional and mental health to ensure readily available and accessible mental health care. To help meet that requirement and circumvent barriers to accessing care, the University of California San Diego Healer Education Assessment & Referral (HEAR) Program offers residents and fellows short-term therapy for coping with challenges that threaten their well-being.

COVID-19 pediatric vaccine authorization, FDA authority, and individual misperception of risk.

Vaccines are one component to the public health strategies to alleviate the COVID-19 pandemic. Hesitancy regarding COVID-19 vaccines in the United States has been problematic, which is not surprising given increasing overall vaccine hesitancy in recent decades. Most vaccines are administered during childhood years.

Rates of diagnosis and service utilization in veterans with hoarding disorder.

Hoarding Disorder (HD) is a prominent and disabling neuropsychiatric condition defined by the inability to discard objects resulting in impairing levels of clutter. The prevalence rate is 2-6 % and increases with age. The aging Veteran population is a high risk group for impairment associated with HD.

First Used Nicotine/Cannabis Product and Associated Outcomes in Late Adolescents.

Background: Nicotine and tobacco product (NTP) and cannabis use are common in adolescence/young adulthood and increase risk for negative psychosocial outcomes. This study investigated associations among adolescent/young adults' initial experiences with NTPs, lifetime frequency of substance use, substance-related problems, and mental health symptoms.

Method: Adolescents and young adults enrolled in a study on NTP and cannabis use were asked at what age they initiated the use of NTPs and were assigned to groups based on which product or substance(s) they reported using at the earliest age.

The effects of nicotine use during adolescence and young adulthood on gray matter cerebral blood flow estimates.

Nicotine and tobacco product (NTP) use remains prevalent in adolescence/young adulthood. The effects of NTPs on markers of brain health during this vulnerable neurodevelopmental period remain largely unknown. This report investigates associations between NTP use and gray matter cerebral blood flow (CBF) in adolescents/young adults.

Associations between nicotine product use and craving among stable daily and non-daily users.

Nicotine craving typically develops shortly after last use and is conceptualized as essential to the development, maintenance, and treatment of nicotine dependence. Previous research has primarily examined the relationship between craving and use among individuals trying to quit smoking, and less is known about this relationship among active users, particularly e-cigarette users. The current study evaluated the association between craving and use by assessing both constructs twice daily over 7 days in a sample of daily (n = 80) and non-daily (n = 34) users of combustible tobacco and e-cigarette products.

Associations between Tobacco Use, Surges, and Vaccination Status over Time in the COVID-19 Era.

Because COVID-19 is a respiratory and cardiovascular disease, understanding behaviors that impact cardiopulmonary health, such as tobacco use, is particularly important. While early studies suggested no change in prevalence of tobacco use as COVID-19 emerged, pandemic fatigue, shifting levels of COVID-19 transmission, and vaccine availability have all changed since the start of the pandemic. The current study examined whether time, COVID-19 surges, and/or vaccination status were associated with likelihood of daily and non-daily tobacco use over the first 24 months of the pandemic.

Evaluation of Risk Perception of Smoking after the Implementation of California's Tobacco 21 Law.

Decreasing smoking initiation remains a public health priority. In 2016, California, in the United States, enacted the Tobacco 21 law, which raised the minimum age for the purchase of tobacco products from age 18 to age 21. This paper evaluates whether the enactment and implementation of the Tobacco 21 law changed how young adults perceive the risk(s) of smoking.