[Endoscopic treatment of complete obliteration of posterior urethra].

The authors shared their experience in regard of treatment of complete urethral obliteration. In a 14-year they diagnosed and treated 37 patients (aged 22-74 years) with obstruction of the lower urinary tract as a result of complete urethral obliteration. The etiology include 14 patients after perineal urethral trauma, in 10 patients the main cause was urethral inflammation of posterior urethra, in 8--as a consequence of transurethral surgery and in 5--after suprapubic prostatectomy.

[Endoscopic treatment of complete obliteration of posterior urethra].

The authors shared their experience in regard of treatment of complete urethral obliteration. In a 14-year they diagnosed and treated 37 patients (aged 22-74 years) with obstruction of the lower urinary tract as a result of complete urethral obliteration. The etiology include 14 patients after perineal urethral trauma, in 10 patients the main cause was urethral inflammation of posterior urethra, in 8--as a consequence of transurethal surgery and in 5--after suprapubic prostatectomy.

[The treatment of severe and complicated urethral strictures].

Stricture of the urethra is produced by a cicatrix causing narrowing of the urethral lumen subsequent to trauma or inflammation. The strictures are considered as serious whenever the meatus is involved, and total--in the event of obliteration of the urethra (H. Sachse, 1978).

[5-alpha-reductase inhibitors in benign prostatic hyperplasia].

Sixteen patients presenting benign prostate gland hyperplasia undergo conservative treatment with Finasterid over the period 1992 through 1995. Prior to treatment, in all patients the subjective complaints are assayed on the basis of the IPSS rating system for severity of complaints. Uroflowmetry along with evaluating the quantity of residual urine using an isotope method, and echographic determination of the prostate gland volume, are performed.

[The metastasis of prostatic cancer and the methods for its demonstration].

Metastasizing of prostate gland carcinoma is an essential and characteristic feature of its biological manifestation. The high capacity of prostate tumor cells to spread via lymphatic and blood stream explain the development of metastases in 52 to 80 per cent of patients presenting for primary diagnosis. Metastatic lesions are usually located in the lymph nodes (24.

[The need for an Otis urethrotomy in transurethral resection of the prostate].

Transurethral prostate gland resection is performed in a series of 103 patients divided in two groups. Group one is made of 51 patients where preliminary urethrotomy after Otis is not done. These patients are compared by incidence rate of urethral strictures with 52 cases (group two) where urethrotomy is done.

[A comparative study of the effect of Zoladex treatment versus orchiectomy in patients with advanced prostatic cancer].

The study entered sixty patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate that were treated and followed-up by the authors. The median age was 70.3 years (range 58-83 years).

[Benign prostatic hyperplasia--its treatment with Proscar].

Benign prostate hyperplasia is a potentially serious condition affecting men in advanced age. The treatment is conservative and operative. Proskar of Msd is one of the drugs yielding encouraging results.

[Transurethral incision in primary bladder neck obstruction].

Sixty-one patients presenting primary obstruction of the neck of the urinary bladder are subjected to transurethral operative intervention and postoperative follow-up study in the period 1986 through 1990. The indications for performing transurethral incision of the bladder neck are established on the basis of subjective complaints against the background of data from uroflowmetry, miction cystourethrography and endoscopic study of the lower urinary ways. The obtained results point to an improvement of the subjective complaints in 74 per cent of the cases.

[Urethral strictures following transurethral resection of the prostate].

A series of 147 patients subjected to transurethral prostate resection (TUPR) are followed up for seven years with a special reference to urethral strictures development. The patients' age varies from 52 to 78 years, with an 18-month average postoperative observation term. The methods of diagnosis used comprise uroflowmetry, retrograde urethrography and urethrocystoscopy.

[The characteristics of ureteral lithiasis].

The study covers 2630 patients with ureteral concrements, eliminated operatively, through extracorporeal lithotripsy (ESWL), or spontaneously as the result of drug treatment. Attention is called to the left-side location of ureteral concrements, regardless of the mode of elimination, with the clinical symptomatology of the disease being comprehensively discussed. Clinical and chemical characterization of ureteral concrements (type, size and the like) is also done separately with a special reference to the method of removal employed.

[Subvesical obstruction following chronic bacterial prostatitis].

Twenty-eight men below 50 years of age, presenting obstructive miction complaints subsequent to chronic bacterial prostatitis cure, are subjected to operation and follow-up study over a 6-year period. The test of Meares (1991) is used as a diagnostic method to rule out chronic bacterial prostatitis. The patients are distributed according to microbiological findings in the ejaculate in the stage of prostatitis treatment.

[Urethrovesicopexy by the Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz method with urodynamic control in women with stress urinary incontinence].

For the period 1987-1991 the authors have been diagnosticated and operated in the Clinic for General Urology 21 women with stress incontinentio of the urine. The medium age of the patients was 47 years. With all of the patients detailed anamnesis have been made, whereas for determining the diagnosis X-ray and urodynamic methods had been used.

[Drug effects on the lower urinary tract to improve bladder emptying].

Literature data about the pharmacologic effect exerted on the lower urinary pathways in various pathologic conditions are discussed with a special reference to the existing knowledge of neuroanatomy of the urinary bladder and proximal urethra. Specific drugs and dosage schemes, contributing to improve the act of miction following diverse operative interventions, leading to retention phenomena, as well as in conditions of the so-called "unstable detrusor", are recommended. The likelihood of a positive effect being exerted in various spastic conditions of the external sphincter urethrae muscle, due to neurologic diseases, is also assayed.

[The indications for the surgical treatment of prostatic adenoma].

Proceeding from a comprehensive literature survey, an attempt is made to substantiate the single indications for operative treatment of prostate hypertrophy cases. Special attention is focused on the quantity of residual urine, clinical relevance of the uroflowmetric study, and individual assessment of the urologist, depending on his surgical experience. Last but not least important is grouping of the individual symptoms of prostate hypertrophy under the heading "prostatism" syndrome, since they serve not merely for preoperative evaluation, but also as an assessment criterion of the postoperative condition.

[Uroflowmetric measurements in patients with sclerosis of the bladder neck].

Uroflowmetric measurements were performed in 143 patients with sclerosis of the bladder neck over a period of six years. Equipment for urodynamic examinations of the Danish firm DIZA (1982) was used. The uroflowmetric parameters for preoperative assessment of subvesical obstruction were specified.

[The surgical and spontaneous elimination of kidney calculi--the type, incidence and treatment].

Results are reported of chemical (derivatographic and polarization microscopic) analysis of 2630 calculi removed by operation and 8607 spontaneously eliminated calculi. It was found that 82.7 per cent of the calculi removed by operation and 19.

[Clinico-anatomical studies of patients with sclerosis of the bladder neck].

Clinico-anatomical studies were carried out in patients with sclerosis of the bladder neck. Specimens for histologic examination were obtained by transurethral resection or transvesical excision of the bladder neck. Histologic changes indicative of chronic nonspecific inflammatory process were found in the majority of cases.

[The development of transurethral resection in prostatic hypertrophy].

Some hitherto unknown facts on the development of transurethral prostate resection in a historical aspect are reported. Creation of the modern resectoscope from the first punch-instrument till nowadays is followed up in detail, quoting original sources from the literature. Each stage of development of transurethral resection is briefly discussed.

[Postoperative sclerosis of the bladder neck in men].

Postoperative sclerosis of the bladder neck is an operative complication after removal of prostate adenoma. It was originally described by the American urologist Danslow in 1918. Personal experience is recorded in the diagnosis and treatment of 43 patients with postoperative sclerosis of the bladder neck for a period of four years.