HIV testing during pregnancy among women with a recent live birth-Seven US States, 2016-2019.

Background: Although the United States has made progress in reducing the transmission of HIV from mother-to-child, it has not yet met the goal of reducing such transmissions to 70%. Self-reported HIV testing varied by state of residence. Approximately, two in three women reported that their health care provider asked them about HIV testing during prenatal care, and 82.

Geographic Differences and Social Determinants of Health Among People With HIV Attributed to Injection Drug Use, United States, 2017.

Objective: People who inject drugs are among the groups most vulnerable to HIV infection. The objective of this study was to describe differences in the geographic distribution of HIV diagnoses and social determinants of health (SDH) among people who inject drugs (PWID) who received an HIV diagnosis in 2017.

Methods: We used data from the National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) to determine the counts and percentages of PWID aged ≥18 with HIV diagnosed in 2017.

A Census Tract-Level Examination of Differences in Social Determinants of Health Among People With HIV, by Race/Ethnicity and Geography, United States and Puerto Rico, 2017.

Objective: Social and structural factors, referred to as social determinants of health (SDH), create pathways or barriers to equitable sexual health, and information on these factors can provide critical insight into rates of diseases such as HIV. Our objectives were to describe and identify differences, by race/ethnicity and geography, in SDH among adults with HIV.

Methods: We conducted an ecological study to explore SDH among people with HIV diagnosed in 2017, by race/ethnicity and geography, at the census-tract level in the United States and Puerto Rico.

Geographic Differences in Social Determinants of Health Among US-Born and Non-US-Born Hispanic/Latino Adults With Diagnosed HIV Infection, United States and Puerto Rico, 2017.

Objective: HIV disproportionately affects Hispanic/Latino people in the United States, and factors other than individual attributes may be contributing to these differences. We examined differences in the distribution of HIV diagnosis and social determinants of health (SDH) among US-born and non-US-born Hispanic/Latino adults in the United States and Puerto Rico.

Methods: We used data reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) to determine US census tract-level HIV diagnosis rates and percentages among US-born and non-US-born Hispanic/Latino adults aged ≥18 for 2017.

HIV Diagnoses and Viral Suppression Among US Women in Rural and Nonrural Areas, 2010-2017.

Background: Women in rural areas face challenges to HIV diagnosis and care, including limited access to testing and treatment facilities. Recent declines in HIV diagnosis rates among women in the United States are encouraging. However, few studies have addressed how HIV diagnosis and care differ by rurality.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Viral Suppression Among HIV-Positive Women in Care.

Background: Women with HIV diagnoses are less likely to be virally suppressed than men. Women of different racial/ethnic groups may be differentially affected by sociodemographic factors. We examined differences in viral suppression among women by race/ethnicity and associated variables to inform prevention interventions.

Differences Between U.S.-Born and Non-U.S.-Born Black Adults Reported with Diagnosed HIV Infection: United States, 2008-2014.

Despite improvements in its treatment, HIV infection continues to affect Blacks disproportionally. Using National HIV Surveillance System data from 50 U.S.

Reductions in HIV Diagnoses Among African American Women: A Search for Explanations.

Background: African American women experienced a 46% reduction in the rate of HIV diagnoses from 56.0 in 2008, to 30.0 in 2014 (per 100,000).

Increasing HIV-1 subtype diversity in seven states, United States, 2006-2013.

Purpose: The aim of the analysis was to explore HIV-1 subtype diversity in the United States and understand differences in prevalence of non-B subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) between demographic/risk groups and over time.

Methods: We included HIV-1 polymerase sequences reported to the National HIV Surveillance System for HIV infections diagnosed during 2006-2013 in seven states. We assigned subtype or CRF using the automated subtyping tool COMET, assessed subtype/CRF prevalence by demographic characteristics and country of birth, and determined changes in subtype/CRF by HIV diagnosis year.

The Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Care among Adult and Adolescent Females in the United States, 2008-2012.

Objective: We sought to determine epidemiological patterns in diagnoses of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and prevalence among females by age, race/ethnicity and transmission category, and essential steps in the continuum of HIV care.

Methods: Using data from the National HIV Surveillance System, we estimated the number of females aged 13 years or older diagnosed with HIV infection in 2008 through 2012 and living with HIV at the end of 2011 in the United States. We determined percentages of females linked to care, retained in care, and virally suppressed in 18 jurisdictions with complete reporting of CD4 and viral load test results.