Mechanistic insights into the inhibition of human placental glutathione S-transferase P1-1 by abscisic and gibberellic acids: An integrated experimental and computational study.

The interactions of the classic phytohormones gibberellic acid (gibberellin A , GA ) and abscisic acid (dormin, ABA), which antagonistically regulate several developmental processes and stress responses in higher plants, with human placental glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (hpGSTP1-1), an enzyme that plays a role in endo- or xenobiotic detoxification and regulation of cell survival and apoptosis, were investigated. The inhibitory potencies of ABA and GA against hpGSTP1, as well as the types of inhibition and the kinetic parameters, were determined by making use of both enzyme kinetic graphs and SPSS nonlinear regression models. The structural basis for the interaction between hpGSTP1-1 and phytohormones was predicted with the aid of molecular docking simulations.

Conversations in the Gut: The Role of Quorum Sensing in Normobiosis.

An imbalance in gut microbiota, termed dysbiosis, has been shown to affect host health. Several factors, including dietary changes, have been reported to cause dysbiosis with its associated pathologies that include inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, depression, and autism. We recently demonstrated the inhibitory effects of artificial sweeteners on bacterial quorum sensing (QS) and proposed that QS inhibition may be one mechanism behind such dysbiosis.

Gastric cancer diagnosis and staging in coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic.

Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze whether COVID-19 cause a delay in the diagnosis of gastric cancer patients particularly in the TNM staging of the tumor, or not.

Material And Methods: This retrospective single-center study included the patients diagnosed with gastric cancer from March, 2019 to December 2020. The patients were divided into two groups: baseline and the pandemic groups.

Digital Necrosis Due to Septic Embolism: An Unseen Complication of Gangrenous Cholecystitis.

Gangrenous cholecystitis is one of the most severe complications of cholelithiasis. It causes serious morbidity and mortality. The main pathology in this complication is progressive vascular insufficiency, which may lead to necrosis and perforation of the gallbladder wall.

Duodenal Ulcer Perforatıon after Actıvated Charcoal Treatment.

Activated charcoal, having the capacity to absorb substances with its porous surface, has been used in intoxication treatment for nearly 200 years. Although live-saving, occasionally, it can lead to complications. Because of the risk of perforation during activated charcoal therapy, the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract should be checked after the procedure.

The Role of Ca 19-9, Ca 72-4, Cea and Cholesterol Levels in Predicting Malignancy in Gallbladder Polyps.

Objective: To determine the association of malignancy potential of gallbladder polyps with tumor markers and cholesterol levels, and at which value the presence of malignancy should be suspected.

Study Design: Observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: University of Health Sciences, Adana City training and research Hospital from December 2017 to November 2020.

Inhibitory Effects of Artificial Sweeteners on Bacterial Quorum Sensing.

Despite having been tagged as safe and beneficial, recent evidence remains inconclusive regarding the status of artificial sweeteners and their putative effects on gut microbiota. Gut microorganisms are essential for the normal metabolic functions of their host. These microorganisms communicate within their community and regulate group behaviors via a molecular system termed quorum sensing (QS).

Littoral Cell Angioma of the Spleen presenting with Thrombocytosis and Splenic Infarct.

Littoral cell angioma is a non-hematologic vascular neoplasm originating from littoral cells lining the splenic red pulp. The diagnosis is usually made incidentally in splenectomy materials. It is often associated with anemia and thrombocytopenia, indicative of hypersplenism.

Assessing the Molecular Targets and Mode of Action of Furanone C-30 on Quorum Sensing.

Quorum sensing (QS), a sophisticated system of bacterial communication that depends on population density, is employed by many pathogenic bacteria to regulate virulence. In view of the current reality of antibiotic resistance, it is expected that interfering with QS can address bacterial pathogenicity without stimulating the incidence of resistance. Thus, harnessing QS inhibitors has been considered a promising approach to overriding bacterial infections and combating antibiotic resistance that has become a major threat to public healthcare around the globe.

Correlation of Breast Cancer Subgroups and Axillary Metastases with 18F-FDG PET/CT and the Contribution of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the Management of the Axilla.

Objective: To investigate whether breast and axilla maximum standard uptake (SUVmax) values contribute to the treatment approach in breast cancer subgroups.

Study Design: A descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: University of Health Sciences/Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Turkey, from April 2017 to September 2019.

Evaluating the feasibility of performing elective gastrointestinal cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study with 60 days follow-up results of a tertiary referral pandemic hospital.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has interfered with the treatment algorithm for patients with gastrointestinal (GIS) cancer, resulting in deferral of surgery. We presented the outcomes of our patients to evaluate whether surgery could be safely performed and followed-up without delaying any stage of GIS cancer during the pandemic.

Methods: This was an observational study of 177 consecutive patients who underwent elective GIS cancer surgery between March 11 and November 1, 2020.

Comparison of hemostatic efficacy of topical Ankaferd Blood Stopper on heparinized and nonheparinized rats in bleeding related to liver injury.

Purpose: In this study, hemostatic efficacy of Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS), a new generation hemostatic agent, was compared in the presence of heparin effect.

Methods: Forty-eight Wistar albino rats were divided into two main groups as heparinized and nonheparinized, and these two main groupswere divided into six subgroups as control, Surgicel and ABS (n = 8). Grade 2 liver injury was performed on rats as standard.

The effect of activated protein C in the experimental disseminated intravascular coagulation model formed by lipopolysaccharide infusion.

Purpose: In this experimental study, activated protein C (APC), which has anticoagulant, antithrombotic, profibrinolytic, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties, was used to prevent coagulopathy in a disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) model formatted with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion.

Methods: Twenty-five Wistar albino rats weighting 280 - 320 g each were used. They were randomly divided into three groups: sham, control and study groups.

Anti-Quorum Sensing Activity of Stevia Extract, Stevioside, Rebaudioside A and Their Aglycon Steviol.

Governments are creating regulations for consumers to reduce their sugar intake, prompting companies to increase the ratio of artificial sweeteners in their products. However, there is evidence of some deleterious effects ascribed to the aforementioned synthetic agents and therefore consumers and food manufacturers have turned their attention to natural dietary sweeteners, such as stevia, to meet their sweetening needs. Stevia is generally considered safe; however, emerging scientific evidence has implicated the agent in gut microbial imbalance.

Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties of Anorectal Tissues and Muscles by Shear Wave Elastography in Anal Fıssure Disease.

Objective:  To evaluate the mechanical properties of the tissues and muscles in the anal region with the shearwave elastography for anal fissure etiology.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Turkey, from March2019 to March 2020.

Effect of Anastomosis Technique on Pancreatic Fistula Formation in Proximal Pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Objective: To find out the association between the pancreatic fistula development and the pancreaticoduodenectomy anastomosis technique performed in three different ways; namely, telescopic pancreatojejunostomy (PJ), ducto-mucosal Wirsungo jejunostomy (WJ), and Peng's variant of the telescopic technique.

Study Design: A descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Izmir Katip Celebi Universitesi Hospital, Turkey, from January 2011 to January 2018.

Gallstone ileus with evident forchet sign:case report.

Introduction: Gallstone ileus (GSİ) is a rare complication of cholelithiasis (gallbladderstone), which may lead to obstruction of the small intestine. Particularly, computerized tomographic (CT) imaging method and special findings in these images help diagnosing of gallstone ileus. Treatment of this disease is surgery, surgery involves cholecystectomy + fistula repair + enterolitotomy, but it is controversial to perform cholecystectomy with enterolitotomy and fistula repair in the same session.

The Relevance of Glutathione Reductase Inhibition by Fluoxetine to Human Health and Disease: Insights Derived from a Combined Kinetic and Docking Study.

Glutathione reductase (GR) is a homodimeric enzyme playing an important role in the regeneration of the central antioxidant molecule reduced glutathione (GSH) from oxidized glutathione (GSSG) at the expense of a molecule of NADPH. GSH scavenges and eliminates superoxide and hydroxyl radicals non-enzymatically or serves as an electron donor for several enzymes. Fluoxetine (FLU), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is widely prescribed in the treatment of major depressive disorder.

Computational and experimental studies on the interaction between butyrylcholinesterase and fluoxetine: implications in health and disease.

Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is a serine esterase that plays a role in the detoxification of natural as well as synthetic ester-bond-containing compounds. Alterations in BChE activity are associated with a number of diseases. Cholinergic system abnormalities in particular are correlated with the formation of senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and administration of cholinesterase inhibitors is a common therapeutic approach used to treat AD.

Evaluation of the inhibitory effect of abamectin on mammalian butyrylcholinesterase: Enzyme kinetic and molecular docking studies.

Abamectin, a blend of the natural avermectins B and B, is a widely-used insecticide/miticide with relatively low toxicity to mammals. Exposure to high doses of it, however, leads to cholinergic-like neurotoxic effects. Butyrylcholinesterase, which is best known for its abundant presence in plasma, is a serine hydrolase loosely coupled with the cholinergic system.

Assessment of the inhibitory activity of the pyrethroid pesticide deltamethrin against human placental glutathione transferase P1-1: A combined kinetic and docking study.

Deltamethrin (DEL), which is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, has been used successfully all over the world to treat mosquito nets for the control of malaria. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs; EC 2.5.

Mechanistic and structural insights into the in vitro inhibitory action of hypericin on glutathione reductase purified from baker's yeast.

This work aims at studying the interaction between glutathione reductase (GR) and hypericin. The type of inhibition was determined by measuring changes in GR activity at increasing concentrations of hypericin as well as at varying concentrations of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and the binding pose of hypericin was predicted by molecular docking. Accordingly, hypericin emerges as an effective inhibitor of GR.