An assessment of risk factors for recurrence and survival for patients undergoing liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Background And Aims: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is the second most common primary liver malignancy with increasing rates of incidence and mortality. Surgical resection is curative for patients who are diagnosed at early stages of iCCA. Limited data exist regarding risk factors for postresection recurrence and overall survival as iCCA is rare, and majority of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and thus not candidates for resection.

Approach to Liver Transplantation: Is There a Difference between East and West?

Liver transplantation (LT) remains the only curative treatment for end-stage liver disease as well as acute liver failure. With the exponential increase in organ demand due to the increasing incidence and prevalence of liver diseases, the need to overcome the supply and demand mismatch has arisen. In this review, we discuss the current universal status of LT, emphasizing various LT practices worldwide.

Ischemic heart disease mortality in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease: A nationwide analysis of disparities in the United States.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is linked to immune-mediated pathogenesis and a pro-inflammatory state, leading to accelerated atherosclerosis. This earlier onset of clinical cardiovascular disease poses significant morbidity and mortality. We sought to identify IHD mortality trends in individuals with IBD in the United States (US).

IgG4-related disease presenting with acute kidney injury and tubulointerstitial nephritis.

Immunoglobulin G-4 related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated, inflammatory disease that often involves multiple organ systems. IgG4-RD can be classified according to the organs involved. Type 1 IgG4-RD is related to acute pancreatitis and sclerosing cholangitis.

Tropheryma whipplei Endocarditis Presenting as Valvulopathy and Multiple Septic Emboli.

A 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for nausea, vomiting, and right flank pain. He was found to have septic emboli in multiple organs secondary to aortic valve endocarditis. He was started on broad-spectrum antibiotics and underwent valve replacement.

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) deletion in myeloid cells augments cholestatic liver injury.

Ductular reactive (DR) cells exacerbate cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis. Herein, we posit that tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) emanates from recruited macrophages and restrains DR cell expansion, thereby limiting cholestatic liver injury. Wild type (WT), Trail and myeloid-specific Trail deleted (Trail) C57BL/6 mice were exposed to DDC diet-induced cholestatic liver injury, which induced hepatomegaly and liver injury as compared to control diet-fed mice.

Acute Kidney Injury and Hepatorenal Syndrome in Patients with Cirrhosis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a type of AKI known as HRS-AKI. It is a severe complication of cirrhosis with high morbidity and mortality.

Presence of Portomesenteric Venous Gas and Pneumatosis Intestinalis in Nonocclusive Mesenteric Ischemia as a Complication of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy.

A 58-year-old man with a history of mechanical aortic valve replacement, on anticoagulation with warfarin, presented to the emergency department with hematochezia 1 day after undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. On presentation, he was found to have hemorrhagic shock. Fluid resuscitation, packed red blood cell transfusion, and empiric antibiotic therapy were initiated, and the patient was admitted to an intensive care unit.

Unexpected cause of Kounis syndrome: hypersensitivity reaction to omeprazole.

Kounis syndrome is a rare type of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) that occurs as a result of an allergic or anaphylactic reaction. Kounis syndrome can be induced by various medications including antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, antihypertensive medications, corticosteroids, and antineoplastic medications. Additionally, cases of Kounis syndrome associated with lansoprazole and pantoprazole have been previously reported in the literature.

Diagnostic Performance of the ICD-10 Code K76.82 for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Cirrhosis.

Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is prevalent and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among patients with cirrhosis. On October 1, 2022, a new, specific International Classification of Diseases-10 code for HE, K76.82, was introduced.

Histologic and Clinical Outcomes of Patients Developing Post-Liver Transplant Plasma Cell-Rich Rejection.

Objectives: Plasma cell-rich rejection (PCCR), also known as "plasma cell hepatitis" or "de novo autoimmune hepatitis," is a cause of allograft dysfunction occurring post-liver transplantation (LT). Patients often develop allograft failure and may require repeat LT. PCRR may fall within the spectrum of different histologies associated with antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), which is associated with donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) and positive complement component C4 (C4d) immunostaining.

Clinical presentation of peritoneal tuberculosis.

Peritoneal tuberculosis arises from hematogenous spread of pulmonary foci or from direct spread from an adjacent structure. Diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis can be challenging due to nonspecific symptoms, insidious onset, and variable imaging findings. Herein, we report a patient presenting with ascites who was eventually diagnosed with peritoneal tuberculosis.

Liver transplantation in developing countries.

With the increasing incidence and prevalence of end-stage liver disease, demand for donor grafts continues to increase. Approaches on maximizing the potential donor grafts vary depending on the region. This review aims to summarize the current practice of liver transplantation with an emphasis on challenges encountered in developing countries.

Identification and clinical significance of nodular regenerative hyperplasia in primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Background And Aim: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. PSC is frequently associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) can occur in IBD with the use or even in the absence of thiopurine treatment.