Development and Characterization of Plant-derived Aristatoside C and Davisianoside B Saponin-loaded Phytosomes with Suppressed Hemolytic Activity.

Saponins are glycosides widely distributed in the plant kingdom and have many pharmacological activities. However, their tendency to bind to cell membranes can cause cell rupture, limiting their clinical use. In the previous study, aristatoside C and davisianoside B were isolated from Cephalaria species.

Effects of biochar treatments on the elemental composition of tobacco ( L.) leaves based on the priming period.

This study determined the effects of different doses of biochars (B) on Virginia tobacco ( L.) cultivar, on first and second harvest dependent change in plant nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, and B), leaf color parameters (L*, a*, and b*), chlorophyll value (SPAD), electrolyte leakage (EL), crude ash, number of leaves, and plant height. Pot experiments were conducted with biochar treatments of 10 tons ha (B1), 20 tons ha (B2), 40 tons ha (B3), and 80 tons ha (B4).

Chemical characteristics and biological activity screening of Pistacia lentiscus mastic gum and leaves from Türkiye.

Background: Mastic gum is a resin that is produced by Pistacia lentiscus. It has many traditional uses, dating from ancient times, such as the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and as a food additive. In this study, the leaves and mastic gum of trees of different ages from Karaburun and the Cesme peninsula in Türkiye were examined chemically and biologically.

Four new triterpene saponins from Cephalaria speciosa and their potent cytotoxic and immunomodulatory activities.

Four new triterpene saponins, namely speciosides A-D (1-4) along with six known saponins were isolated from the n-butanol extract of Cephalaria speciosa. In addition to these, three new prosapogenins (2a-4a) were obtained after alkaline hydrolysis. Elucidation of the structures of the isolated compounds was carried out by 1D, 2D NMR, HR-ESI/MS and GC-MS analyses.

Comparative Study of Antiviral, Cytotoxic, Antioxidant Activities, Total Phenolic Profile and Chemical Content of Propolis Samples in Different Colors from Turkiye.

Propolis is a valuable natural substance obtained by honey bees after being collected from the bark, resin of trees, plant leaves and mixed with their saliva, and has been widely used for various biological activities. The properties of propolis can vary widely by botanical origin, location of the hives and colony population. It is thought that the color of propolis is one of the main factors determining its acceptability and originates from the flower markers, pollen and nectar of some plants and is directly related to its chemical content.

Identification of natural compounds of Jurinea species by LC-HRMS and GC-FID and their bioactivities.

The Jurinea Cass. is one of the most important genera within Asteraceae and it comprises about 250 species in total. This genus is known for its numerous biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antilipid peroxidation, anticholinesterase, antileishmanial activities.

A hederagenin-type triterpene saponin, sumbulianoside a from and its potent immunomodulatory activity against seasonal flu virus H3N2.

A new hederagenin-type triterpene saponin; hederagenin 28-O--D-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)--D-glucopyranosyl ester named sumbulianoside A (), together with twelve known saponins were isolated from the -butanol extract of (Caprifoliaceae) from which, one known saponin, dipsacus saponin A () was isolated, for the first time from species. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by 1 D and 2 D NMR and HRESIMS analyses. Cytotoxic activities were investigated on A549, Hela, PANC1, SHSY5Y cells and non-cancerous cell HEK293 by MTT method and immunomodulatory activities were evaluated against activated H3N2 seasonal virus in whole blood by measuring IL-4, IFN-, IL-1 cytokine level with ELISA.

Simultaneous determination of several flavonoids and phenolic compounds in nineteen different Cephalaria species by HPLC-MS/MS.

Cephalaria species in Turkey known as "Pelemir" and they have many different biological activities due to their wide range of chemical content. The main goal of this study is determine the flavonoids and phenolic acids in Cephalaria species using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). This method was developed for quantitation of reported compounds using reverse phase Fortis C18 (150 × 3 mm × 5 μm) column with a gradient of 0.

Increased cytotoxic potential of infrequent triterpenoid saponins of Cephalaria taurica obtained through alkaline hydrolysis.

Phytochemical investigations of the aerial parts of the plant Cephalaria taurica Szabó. (Caprifoliaceae) have resulted in the isolation of nine oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, of which two still remain undescribed. The structures of tauricosides A and B were characterized based on NMR analysis, HRESIMS spectrometry, and chemical evaluations.

Immunomodulatory, hemolytic and cytotoxic activity potentials of triterpenoid saponins from eight Cephalaria species.

Background: Saponins isolated from a number of plants possess a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities by using in vitro and in vivo bioassays. The recent investigations and findings in biological activity studies of saponins have mostly focused on immunomodulatory, hemolytic and cytotoxic properties.

Hypothesis/purpose: Considering the great potential of saponins as bioactive agents, we investigated the cytotoxic, hemolytic and immunomodulatory activities of nineteen triterpenoid saponins from the aerial parts of eight Cephalaria species from Turkey.

Chemical constituents and biological activities of Dianthus elegans var. elegans.

Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Dianthus elegans var. elegans afforded two previously undescribed saponins, named dianosides M-N (1-2), together with four oleanane-type triterpenoid glycosides (3-6). Their structures were elucidated as 3-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-16α-hydroxyolean-12-ene-23α, 28β-dioic acid (1) and 3-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl 16α-hydroxyolean-12-ene-23α-oic acid, 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glycosyl ester (2) by chemical and extensive spectroscopic methods including IR, 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS.

Immunomodulatory, hemolytic properties and cytotoxic activity potent of triterpenoid saponins from Cephalaria balansae.

Phytochemical investigations on n-butanol extract of Cephalaria balansae Raus. (Caprifoliaceae) led to the isolation of four previously undescribed triterpenoid saponins based on hederagenin type aglycone, namely, balansoides A-D, along with ten known compounds. Their structures were proposed based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, HRESIMS analysis and chemical evidence as 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin, 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester and 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester.

Toxicity of Cephalaria Species and their Individual Constituents against Aedes aegypti.

Crude acetone and ethanol extracts of the aerial parts of 21 Cephalaria species collected from Turkey were investigated for larvicidal and adult topical activity against Aedes aegypti. The ethanol extracts from C. elazigensis var.

Albiziaflavane A: a new flavane from Albizia ferruginea (Mimosoideae).

A new polyhydroxylated flavane (1) was identified from Albizia ferruginea (Mimosoideae) along with 4',7-dihydroxyflavan-3,4-diol (2), julibrosides A1-A3 (3-5). The structures of the compounds were established based on their NMR and mass spectrometric data in conjunction with those previously reported in the literature. Compounds 1 and 5 displayed moderate antibacterial activities.

Comparison of antioxidant capacity, protein profile and carbohydrate content of whey protein fractions.

Whey is used as an additive in food industry and a dietary supplement in nutrition. Here we report a comparative analysis of antioxidant potential of whey and its fractions. Fractions were obtained by size exclusion chromatography, before and after enzymatic digestion with pepsin or trypsin.

Antimicrobially active hederagenin glycosides from Cephalaria elmaliensis.

A phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Cephalaria elmaliensis resulted in the isolation of ten hederagenin-type triterpene saponins (1-10) including three new ones, elmalienoside A (1), elmalienoside B (2), elmalienoside C (3), and two known flavonoid glycosides (11-12). Their structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic techniques (1D and 2D NMR, HR ESIMS) and chemical evidence. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts and the pure compounds was evaluated by the MIC method.

Antimicrobial triterpenoid glycosides from Cephalaria scoparia.

Five new oleanane-type triterpenoid glycosides (1-5), named scoposides A-E, along with one known bisdesmosidic triterpene glycoside, were isolated from the aerial parts of Cephalaria scoparia. Three prosapogenins (2a-4a) were also obtained after alkaline hydrolysis of the bisdesmosidic compounds 2-4. The structures of compounds 1-5 were determined by spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS) and chemical methods.