Reliability and validity of the community balance and mobility scale in individuals with multiple sclerosis.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CB&M) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Methods: A total of 65 PwMS (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ≤ 5.5) were included in the study.

Navigating the discontinuation of multiple sclerosis first line treatments: A paradigm shift in patient care.

Background: This retrospective study, conducted between 2005 and 2016, investigated the outcomes of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who discontinued injectable first-line disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). The study aimed to identify factors influencing treatment discontinuation and assess the impact of discontinuation on disease progression.

Methods: Data was collected from 2,270 patients who received injectable DMTs for at least two years and subsequently discontinued treatment due to clinical and MRI remission, side effects, or noncompliance.

Teriflunomide-Induced Palmoplantar Pustular Psoriasis: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Teriflunomide is a once-daily oral immunomodulatory disease-modifying treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). Skin reactions are an infrequent side effect of teriflunomide. Here, we present the case of a 52-year-old female patient with ankylosing spondylitis who was consulted for demyelinating lesions and limb weakness.

Retrospective analysis of effectiveness of fingolimod in real life setting in Turkey (REFINE).

Background: During multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment different modes of action such as lateral (interferon beta to glatiramer acetate or glatiramer acetate to interferon beta) or vertical (interferon beta/glatiramer acetate to fingolimod) drug switch can be performed. This study aims to investigate the clinical effectiveness of switching from the first-line injectable disease modifying treatments (iDMTs) to fingolimod (FNG) compared to switching between first-line iDMTs.

Methods: This is a multicenter, observational and retrospective study of patients with relapsing-remitting MS who had lateral and vertical switch.

Life After Tetra Hit: Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis After HSV Encephalitis in a NMOSD Coexistent with Sjögren's Syndrome.

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis are associated entities. On the contrary, although both are autoimmune diseases, the association of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and anti-NMDAR encephalitis is not well explained. Herein, we present consecutively developed post-herpetic anti-NMDAR encephalitis in a patient with the coexistence of NMOSD and Sjogren syndrome.

Small Fiber Functionality in Patients with Diabetic Neuropathic Pain.

Objectives: Diabetic neuropathic pain is associated with small fiber neuropathy. We aimed to assess the functionality of small fibers in patients with diabetes by using a practical method.

Design: Patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP), type II diabetes mellitus without neuropathic pain, and healthy control were included.

Recent advances in childhood vasculitis.

Purpose Of Review: The review aims to summarize the recent findings in vasculitis that may have an impact in our understanding or management of these diseases.

Recent Findings: We are learning more about monogenic diseases that closely mimic the pediatric vasculitides. Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 can present with a polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)-like picture and should be included in the differential of all pediatric cases of PAN with a family history or in cases with early stroke, or in cases resistant to conventional therapy.