First Molecular Evidence of and in Dogs from Kyrgyzstan.

Tick-borne parasitic diseases cause mild to severe infections among vertebrate hosts, including dogs. Species in the genus are important tick-borne pathogens and have worldwide distributions. Although there are data on the prevalence and distribution of species among dogs around the world, there is no information available in Kyrgyzstan, according to a literature review.

The detection and phylogenetic analysis of Anaplasma phagocytophilum-like 1, A. ovis and A. capra in sheep: A. capra divides into two genogroups.

In this study, the presence, prevalence, and genotypes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, A. ovis, and A. capra in sheep were investigated based on 16 S SSU rRNA, groEL, and gtlA gene-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively.

First Molecular Detection of Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens in Dogs from Kyrgyzstan.

Background: Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens are the causative agents of cardiopulmonary and subcutaneous dirofilariosis, respectively. This neglected disease mainly seen in dogs, cats and wild carnivores is re-emerging recent years. No study was conducted on dirofilariosis in dogs in Kyrgyzstan.

Molecular detection of tick-borne rickettsial and protozoan pathogens in domestic dogs from Turkey.

Background: Canine tick-borne parasites have emerged in recent years, showing a wider geographic distribution and increased global prevalence. In addition to their veterinary importance, domestic dogs play an important role in the transmission cycles of some agents by acting as reservoirs and sentinels. This study investigated Babesia, Theileria, Anaplasma, and Ehrlichia species in asymptomatic dogs in ten provinces of Turkey.

A molecular and parasitological survey of Hepatozoon canis in domestic dogs in Turkey.

In this study, asymptomatic dogs in nine provinces of Turkey were surveyed to investigate the prevalence and intensity of Hepatozoon canis infection. DNA obtained from blood samples collected from 694 domestic dogs (243 stray, 288 shelter, and 163 pets) of both genders and varying ages were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, 285 thin blood smears prepared from these blood samples were also evaluated for microscopic examination.

Molecular identification of Theileria and Babesia in ticks collected from sheep and goats in the Black Sea region of Turkey.

A molecular survey was undertaken in the Black Sea region of Turkey to determine the presence of Theileria and Babesia species of medical and veterinary importance. The ticks were removed from sheep and goats, pooled according to species and locations, and analyzed by PCR-based reverse line blot (RLB) and sequencing. A total of 2241 ixodid ticks belonging to 5 genus and 12 species were collected and divided into 310 pools.

Molecular identification of Theileria and Babesia in sheep and goats in the Black Sea Region in Turkey.

This study was carried out to investigate presence and distribution of Theileria and Babesia species via microscopic examination and reverse line blotting (RLB) techniques in sheep and goats in the Black Sea region of Turkey. For this purpose, 1,128 blood samples (869 sheep and 259 goats) were collected by active surveillance from sheep and goats in different provinces of various cities in the region in the years 2010 and 2011. Smears were prepared from the blood samples, stained with Giemsa, and examined under the light microscope for Theileria and Babesia piroplasms.

A survey of ixodid ticks feeding on cattle and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in the Black Sea region of Turkey.

The study reports the frequency of infestation and the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in feeding adult ticks detached from cattle in two climatic zones of the Black Sea region of Turkey. A total of 2160 adult ticks were collected during 2007-2008. Of these, 1062 were randomly selected, divided into 224 pools, and tested for the presence of bovine Theileria, Babesia, and Anaplasma species.

A study on ovine tick-borne hemoprotozoan parasites (Theileria and Babesia) in the East Black Sea Region of Turkey.

In this study, the frequency of Theileria and Babesia species was assessed via reverse line blotting and blood smear-based diagnostic methods in small ruminants. A total of 201 apparently healthy animals from 26 randomly selected herds located in 4 locations (Artvin, Giresun, Gumushane, and Tokat) of East Black Sea Region of Turkey were investigated for the blood protozoans. In a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the hypervariable V4 region of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified with a set of general primers specific for all Theileria and Babesia species.

[Tick (Ixodoidea) and flea (Siphonaptera) species on three red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Erzurum province].

In this study, three red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) which died after traffic accidents were examined in terms of ectoparasites, in the province of Erzurum in January of 2009. 13 ticks and 74 fleas were collected from the foxes and taken to the laboratory in separate glasses containing 70% alcohol. Ticks were taken directly from 70% alcohol and have been identified under the stereo microscope.

Molecular detection and identification of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species in cattle from Turkey.

Bovine anaplasmosis is a tick-borne rickettsial disease widespread in tropical and subtropical areas. We investigated the presence and distribution of Anaplasma spp. in cattle from 6 provinces in Turkey.

Molecular evidence for Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ixodes ricinus from Turkey.

This study investigated the presence of the pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum in ixodid ticks removed from humans living in three provinces (Giresun, Trabzon, Rize) in the east of the Black Sea Region of Turkey. A total of 1097 ixodid ticks were examined for the presence of A. phagocytophilum DNA.

Molecular detection and identification of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species in ixodid ticks.

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay followed by partial sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was performed for the presence of Ehrlichia and/or Anaplasma. A total of 242 ixodid ticks were collected from domestic ruminants and their shelters, as well as humans, and their individual salivary glands were dissected out for DNA. From the 242 ticks analyzed, six (2.

Molecular detection of Theileria and Babesia infections in cattle.

This study was carried out to determine the presence and distribution of tick-borne haemoprotozoan parasites (Theileria and Babesia) in apparently healthy cattle in the East Black Sea Region of Turkey. A total of 389 blood samples were collected from the animals of various ages in six provinces in the region. Prevalence of infection was determined by reverse line blot (RLB) assay.

Evaluation of a PCR and comparison with RLB for detection and differentiation of Theileria sp. MK and other Theileria and Babesia species of small ruminants.

Theileria sp. MK in sheep and goats were detected first time by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and detection limit of PCR and reverse line blotting (RLB) were compared. A part of 18S ssu rRNA gene was amplified from blood samples that were taken from sheep and goats naturally infected with Theileria sp.

[Use of multiplex PCR for the diagnosis of Theileria annulata and Theileria buffeli].

The species causing theileriosis in cattle in Turkey are Theileria annulata and T. buffeli. While T.

Theileria infections in small ruminants in the east and southeast Anatolia.

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Theileria (T.) ovis and to investigate the presence of T. lestoquardi in small ruminants by microscopic examination (ME) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the East and Southeast Anatolia.

[PCR-RFLP analysis of the Tams1 gene of Theileria annulata].

Tams1 is a merozoite surface antigen of Theileria annulata. Genetical variations of Tams1 make studies of vaccine and diagnostic tests like ELISA difficult. In this study, Tams1 genes of 89 T.

Seroprevalence of hypodermosis in cattle in some provinces of Turkey.

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of hypodermosis in cattle in the east and southeast of Turkey. For this purpose, a total of 634 sera samples of cattle were collected from Malatya, Elazig and Diyarbakir provinces of east and southeast of Turkey from November 2005 to February 2006. The sera were analyzed using a Hypodermin C antigen by means of indirect ELISA.

[Survey of T. annulata and T. buffeli/orientalis in cattle in the region of Erzincan using reverse line blotting].

This study was carried out to investigate Theileria annulata and T. buffeli/orientalis in cattle in the region of Erzincan using reverse line blotting (RLB) and microscopical examination. A total of 123 blood samples and thin blood smears were collected from cattle in distinct locations.

Sequence polymorphism in the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers differs among Theileria species.

The genomic region spanning the two ribosomal RNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and the 5.8S rRNA gene was cloned and sequenced from sixteen Theileria isolates. Each Theileria species possessed ITS1 and ITS2 of unique size(s) and species specific nucleotide sequences.

Molecular identification, genetic diversity and distribution of Theileria and Babesia species infecting small ruminants.

Detection and identification of Theileria and Babesia species in 920 apparently healthy small ruminants in eastern Turkey, as well as parasite genetic diversity, was investigated using a specifically designed reverse line blot (RLB) assay. The hypervariable V4 region of the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene was amplified and hybridized to a membrane onto which catchall and species-specific oligonucleotide probes were covalently linked. Three Theileria and one Babesia genotype were identified.

[Survey of Theileria ovis in sheep and goats in the Elazig region using the polymerase chain reaction.].

This study was carried out in order to investigate the presence of Theileria ovis in small ruminants in the Elazig region between April-October 2004. A total of 164 whole blood and thin blood smears (from 103 sheep and 61 goats) were collected from 15 flocks in different locations. T.

Determination of prevalence and risk factors for infection with Babesia ovis in small ruminants from Turkey by polymerase chain reaction.

In this study, PCR and thin blood smear-based diagnostic methods were used to assess the frequency of Babesia infection in small ruminants. A total of 300 sheep and 100 goats from 37 randomly selected herds located in eight locations of eastern Turkey were examined for the presence of Babesia infection and any tick species on the body of the animals. Of 400 blood samples examined, 6 (1.