Conjunctival Pigmentation at the Sclerotomy Site following 23 G Vitrectomy with Silicone Oil Injection.

54-year-old gentleman undergoing 23 Gauge vitrectomy with silicone oil injection developing conjunctival pigmentation at one of the entry sites of trocar and cannula 1 week postoperative. The conjunctival tissue was biopsied at the time of silicone oil removal and correlated histopathological. Biopsy of the conjunctival tissue showed intracellular and stromal melanin pigments.

Psychiatric evaluation in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy in Asian Indians.

Purpose: This study aimed at psychiatric evaluation of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) and its association.

Material: Consecutive patients diagnosed to have CSCR were included in the study. The participants underwent a routine eye examination.

Cost analysis of vitrectomy under local versus general anesthesia in a developing country.

Purpose: To report cost reductions of vitrectomy under local anesthesia.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using medical records of consecutive patients undergoing vitrectomy surgery for retinal detachment under general or local anesthesia. Data of patient's fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study.

Favorable outcome after choroidal drainage for postoperative kissing suprachoroidal hemorrhage following trabeculectomy in a high myopic vitrectomised eye.

A 39-year-old lady with past history of vitreoretinal surgery for retinal detachment and cataract surgery with Intraocular lens implantation was diagnosed as uncontrolled glaucoma. She had high myopia. She underwent Trabeculectomy and following which she presented with massive suprachoroidal hemorrhage in the first postoperative day with severe loss of vision.

Multiple extrafoveal macular holes following internal limiting membrane peeling.

Objective: Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling has been the standard of treatment for macular holes. Besides, causing retinal nerve fiber layer surface abnormality, postoperative extrafoveal multiple retinal holes is a rare phenomenon following ILM peeling. We report an unusual complication of eight extrafoveal macular holes occurring following ILM peeling.

Adult Coats Disease Presenting as Subfoveal Nodule.

A 21-year-old female presented with decreased vision in the right eye. Best corrected visual acuity was 6/60 in the right eye and 6/6 in the left eye. Funduscopy of the right eye revealed a subfoveal nodule with surrounding exudates and temporal peripheral retinal vessel telangiectasia with exudation.

Telemedicine for diabetic retinopathy screening using an ultra-widefield fundus camera.

Objective: Telemedicine reporting of diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening using ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus camera.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional study of diabetic patients who visited the endocrinology department of a private multi-specialty hospital in United Arab Emirates between April 2015 and January 2017 who underwent UWF fundus imaging. Fundus pictures are then accessed at the Retina Clinic in the Department of Ophthalmology.

Diametric measurement of foveal avascular zone in healthy young adults using optical coherence tomography angiography.

Background: The objective of this study is to measure the diameter size of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in both eyes of healthy young adults using optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography.

Methods: A cross sectional study to measure the foveal avascular zone in healthy young adults. Subjects underwent OCT angiography using Zeiss AngioPlex OCT angiography in both eyes.

Successful closure of treatment-naïve, flat edge (Type II), full-thickness macular hole using inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique.

Objective: The objective of this study was to present the outcome of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling flap technique for a treatment-naïve, flat edge (Type II), full-thickness macular hole (MH).

Methods: A 52-year-old man presented with complaints of decreased vision and seeing black spot. He was diagnosed to have a flat edge, full-thickness MH, which was confirmed by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Retino-choroidal ischemia in central retinal vein occlusion.

A 41-year-old gentleman with insulin dependent diabetes had decreased vision in the right eye due to non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion with macular edema. One month following intravitreal ranibizumab, he developed retino-choroidal ischemia with further loss of vision. Authors show the fluorescein angiographic transition from non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion to retino-choroidal ischemia.

Volcano like pattern in optical coherence tomography in chronic diabetic macular edema.

In this article we herein report an interesting vitreo-macular interface abnormality associated with chronic diabetic cystoid macular edema. It is an observational case study of three diabetic patients examined in the diabetic clinic. All the patients had proliferative diabetic retinopathy with chronic macular edema.

Two years follow-up outcome of verteporfin therapy for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in pathologic myopia in Indian eyes.

Context: In India, refractive errors are a major cause of treatable blindness. Population surveys in southern India have shown prevalence of high myopia to be 4.32-4.

Retinal pigment epithelial atrophy following indocyanine green dye-assisted surgery for serous macular detachment.

To report subretinal migration of indocyanine green dye (ICG) and subsequent retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) atrophy during macular surgery for serous macular detachment. A 65-year-old woman presented with residual epiretinal membrane and serous detachment of the macula following vitreoretinal surgery for epiretinal membrane. She underwent resurgery with ICG-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling and intraocular tamponade.

Variants in the 10q26 gene cluster (LOC387715 and HTRA1) exhibit enhanced risk of age-related macular degeneration along with CFH in Indian patients.

Purpose: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the LOC387715 (rs10490924), HTRA1 (rs11200638), and CFH (rs1061170) genes have been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The present study was undertaken to determine the involvement of the LOC387715 and HTRA1 in an AMD cohort from India.

Methods: The coding region of LOC387715 (exon 1) and the promoter of HTRA1 were screened by resequencing in AMD cases and normal controls.

One-year results of verteporfin therapy for subretinal neovascularization associated with type 2A parafoveal telengiectasia.

Background: To report the 12 months follow up results of verteporfin therapy for subretinal neovascularization (SRNV) associated with type 2A parafoveal telangiectasia (PFT).

Methods: A Prospective interventional case series. Patients who completed 12 months follow up following photodynamic dynamic therapy with verteporfin for subretinal neovascularistion with Type 2A PFT were studied.

The future implications and indications of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in ophthalmic practice.

In the last few years anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy has changed the paradigm in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). Besides, its potential use in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy and other possible proliferative vascular disorders has also shown promise. Clinical trial results have shown tremendous beneficial effect of ranibizumab in ARMD.

Measurement of greatest linear diameter for choroidal neovascular membrane using optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: Correlation of greatest linear diameter (GLD) of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) measured by fundus fluorescein angiography (FA) with optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Design: Retrospective noninterventional observational case series.

Methods: Patients who underwent verteporfin therapy for subfoveal classic CNV were assessed.

Verteporfin therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Indian eyes.

Purpose: To determine visual outcome after a 12-month follow-up period of verteporfin therapy for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Indian patients.

Methods: Twenty-five patients (26 eyes) who completed a 12-month follow-up after photodynamic therapy for subfoveal CNV secondary to AMD were included in the study. The follow-up schedule was every month for 2 months and then every 3 months thereafter until 12 months.

Optical coherence tomographic evaluation of macular infarction following dapsone overdose.

A 16-year-old girl had decrease in vision following dapsone overdose. This case demonstrated optical coherence tomography (OCT) evaluation of macular infarction following dapsone poisoning. OCT showed characteristic serial changes as Stage 1: Cystic macular edema, Stage 2: Resolving cystic change and Stage 3: Foveal atrophy.

Combination therapy of intravitreal triamcinolone and photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization.

Aim: To evaluate the six months follow-up outcome of combined intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization compared to PDT alone.

Study Design: Prospective interventional pilot study.

Materials And Methods: Patients with six months follow-up of IVTA following PDT (Group I, eight eyes) and PDT alone (Group II, eight eyes) were included.

Ultrasonographic characteristics and treatment outcomes of surgery for vitreous hemorrhage in idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

Purpose: To describe the ultrasonographic characteristics and treatment outcomes of surgery in vitreous hemorrhage (VH) associated with idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (IPCV).

Design: Retrospective interventional and observational case series.

Methods: Clinical, ultrasound, and surgical data of 10 consecutive patients operated for VH due to IPCV in a tertiary eye institute was studied by chart review.

Analysis of CFH, TLR4, and APOE polymorphism in India suggests the Tyr402His variant of CFH to be a global marker for age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To screen polymorphisms in complement factor-H (CFH), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and APOE genes as potential risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Indian patients.

Methods: One hundred patients with AMD and 120 normal control subjects were screened for the polymorphisms by restriction digestion and resequencing. Five intragenic SNPs in CFH were screened to generate haplotype data in cases and controls.