The diagnostic accuracy of spirometry versus peak expiratory flow test for follow-up of adult asthma patients at primary care level.

The asthma burden is growing worldwide, and this is predisposed by environmental and occupational exposures as well as individual risk factors. This study was aimed at a comparison of diagnostic accuracy of spirometry and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in asthma screening of adult patients with lung function abnormalities that present at the level of primary care. This study was conducted in Shymkent city, South Kazakhstan, the third most populous city of the country with developed industries and high rates of pulmonary diseases.

Comparative analysis of primary health care indicators security standing in Belgium and Norway: Lessons from readiness to COVID-19.

The research aims to suggest the most enabling indicator of COVID-19 resistance in Belgium and Norway by studying the dynamics of staff and bed security indicators of the primary health care sector. The research methodology comprises Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) statistical analysis of staff and bed security indicators. The reason for choosing Belgium and Norway for comparative analysis regarding the readiness to face the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of staff and bed security is because Belgium is leading by the highest level and Norway is leading by the lowest level of morbidity and mortality per 1 million population.