Tick-borne Diseases in Sheep and Goats in Pakistan: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites and transmit various types of protozoal, bacterial, and viral diseases in a wild as well as domestic animals and humans globally. Only a few  published reports are avaliable on the prevalence of tick-borne diseases in sheep and goats in Pakistan.

Aim And Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the prevalence (2000-2020) of tick-borne disease (theileriosis, babesiosis, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever infection, and anaplasmosis) in sheep and goats in Pakistan.

A field study investigating the insecticidal efficacy against Kuwayama on Kinnow mandarin, Blanco trees.

Asian citrus psyllid is a most damaging insect pest of citrus. In this field study, the efficacy of seven insecticides (emamectin benzoate, bifenthrin, chlorfenapyr, fipronil, imidacloprid, pyriproxyfen and thiamethoxam) was evaluated against Kuwayama in the citrus orchard of Kinnow mandarin, Blanco. The insecticides revealed a differential and substantial relative efficacy against compared to the untreated plants The insecticidal effect attributed as percent reduction in insect population was more prominent after three days of spray: highest reduction values were recorded with thiamethoxam (50.

Genetic diversity of Newcastle disease virus in Pakistan: a countrywide perspective.

Background: Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most deadly diseases of poultry around the globe. The disease is endemic in Pakistan and recurrent outbreaks are being reported regularly in wild captive, rural and commercial poultry flocks. Though, efforts have been made to characterize the causative agent in some of parts of the country, the genetic nature of strains circulating throughout Pakistan is currently lacking.