Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma: cytologic characterization with histologic, immunohistologic, molecular, and clinical correlation of 8 cases.

Introduction: Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) is an uncommon malignant fibroblastic neoplasm. The diagnosis is typically made on core needle biopsy or resection specimens. Cytomorphologic characterization of SEF has been limited to rare case reports in the literature.

Diagnostic digital cytopathology: Are we ready yet?

Background: The cytology literature relating to diagnostic accuracy using whole slide imaging is scarce. We studied the diagnostic concordance between glass and digital slides among diagnosticians with different profiles to assess the readiness of adopting digital cytology in routine practice.

Materials And Methods: This cohort consisted of 22 de-identified previously screened and diagnosed cases, including non-gynecological and gynecological slides using standard preparations.

Multimodality management of a polyfunctional pancreatic endocrine carcinoma with markedly elevated serum vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and calcitonin levels.

We present an unusual case of a 52-year-old woman with severe, uncontrollable, refractory diarrhea attributable to pancreatic endocrine carcinoma (ECA) with markedly elevated serum vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and calcitonin levels. After initial correction of fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, the patient was treated with high-dose octreotide. Shortly thereafter, due to the intractable nature of her diarrhea, she underwent cytoreductive hepatic surgery.

Candidate tumor suppressor gene SLC5A8 is frequently down-regulated by promoter hypermethylation in prostate tumor.

Background: The prostate gland is the most common site of cancer and the third leading cause of cancer mortality in men. Solute carrier family 5 (iodide transporter), member 8 (SLC5A8) was proposed as a potential tumor suppressor gene which is silenced by epigenetic changes in various tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of DNA methylation in SLC5A8 expression in prostate tumors.

Activated STAT3 as a correlate of distant metastasis in prostate cancer: a secondary analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 86-10.

Objective: STAT3 participates in the regulation of cellular growth, survival, and oncogenesis. We evaluated the association between activated STAT3 expression and overall survival, disease-specific survival, distant metastasis, and local progression in a cohort of patients treated with either radiotherapy alone or radiotherapy plus short-term androgen blockade.

Methods: A total of 456 assessable patients were included in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 86-10 trial.

Urothelial carcinoma in a child.

Objectives: Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder occurs rarely in the first 2 decades of life. We report a case of a 12 year-old child that presented with a Ta grade II/III urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

Methods: We describe its clinical presentation and diagnostic procedures as well as treatment and follow-up.

Accuracy of intraoperative imprint cytology for sentinel lymph node evaluation in the treatment of breast carcinoma.

Background: The current report provides results from a large retrospective analysis of intraoperative imprint cytology performed on axillary sentinel lymph nodes (IIC(N)) removed over the course of 2137 breast surgeries (4905 lymph nodes). It is hoped that these results may serve as benchmarks for those interested in using this technique.

Methods: The current study included 2078 patients with T1-2 invasive breast carcinoma who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and IIC(N).

Cytokeratin staining for intraoperative evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with invasive lobular carcinoma.

Background: Frozen section and intraoperative imprint cytology (IIC(N)) are 2 methods used for intraoperative pathologic assessment of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). The SLN evaluation of patients with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) results in a relatively high number of false-negative results using either of these methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the added benefits that intraoperative immunohistochemical-cytokeratin staining (I(CK-IHC)) can bring to IIC(N) in the evaluation of SLN in patients with ILC.

The expression of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor correlates with Fuhrman grading of renal cell carcinomas.

Recent reports have shown significant correlation between Fuhrman nuclear grade of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and patient survival. However, no one specific gene alteration has yet been described to account for this correlation. This study investigated the expression of the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) in RCC and correlated the results to the tumor Fuhrman nuclear grade.

Case report: PET scan detects prostate cancer in a patient with Hodgkins lymphoma.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is routinely used in the management of cancers such as lung, colorectal, esophageal, breast, lymphoma, and melanoma. In urologic oncology, the role of PET has been less well defined and is currently under investigation. We report the first case of PET scan detection of prostate cancer in a patient with Hodgkins lymphoma.

Investigation of the safety and accuracy of intraoperative gamma probe directed biopsy of bone scan detected rib abnormalities in prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: We evaluated the technique of intraoperative gamma probe directed rib biopsy in patients with suspected metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma. This technique can be used to identify accurately the rib in question, reliably obtain sufficient tissue for diagnosis, be performed with minimal patient morbidity and potentially alter the course of therapy.

Materials And Methods: From 1996 to 2001, 8 patients with biopsy proved adenocarcinoma of the prostate and suspicious rib lesions on radionuclide bone scanning underwent open rib biopsy as part of the evaluation for metastatic disease.

Constitutive activation of Stat3 in human prostate tumors and cell lines: direct inhibition of Stat3 signaling induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells.

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) were identified originally as key components of cytokine signaling pathways. More recently, constitutive activation of STAT proteins has been detected in a wide variety of human tumor specimens and tumor cell lines. Here, we examined the activation of one STAT family member, Stat3, in human prostate cancer cell lines and primary prostate tumors.