Uncertainty in vulnerability of networks under attack.

This study builds conceptual explanations and empirical examinations of the vulnerability response of networks under attack. Two quantities of "vulnerability" and "uncertainty in vulnerability" are defined by scrutinizing the performance loss trajectory of networks experiencing attacks. Both vulnerability and uncertainty in vulnerability quantities are a function of the network topology and size.

Recovery patterns and physics of the network.

In a progressively interconnected world, the loss of system resilience has consequences for human health, the economy, and the environment. Research has exploited the science of networks to explain the resilience of complex systems against random attacks, malicious attacks, and the localized attacks induced by natural disasters or mass attacks. Little is known about the elucidation of system recovery by the network topology.