Clinical, Immunological, and Genetic Features in Patients with NFKB1 and NFKB2 Mutations: a Systematic Review.

Background: Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) encompass various diseases with diverse clinical and immunological symptoms. Determining the genotype-phenotype of different variants in IEI entity precisely is challenging, as manifestations can be heterogeneous even in patients with the same mutated gene.

Objective: In the present study, we conducted a systematic review of patients recorded with NFKB1 and NFKB2 mutations, two of the most frequent monogenic IEIs.

Clinical heterogeneity in families with multiple cases of inborn errors of immunity.

Background: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a diverse range of genetic immune system illnesses affecting the innate and/or adaptive immune systems. Variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance have been reported in IEI patients with similar clinical diagnoses or even the same genetic mutation.

Methods: Among all recorded patients in the national IEI registry, 193 families with multiple cases have been recognized.

How do nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)1 and NF-κB2 defects lead to the incidence of clinical and immunological manifestations of inborn errors of immunity?

Introduction: Genetic defects affect the manner of the immune system's development, activation, and function. Nuclear factor-kappa B subunit 1 (NF-κB1) and NF-κB2 are involved in different biological processes, and deficiency in these transcription factors may reveal clinical and immunological difficulties.

Areas Covered: This review article gathers the most frequent clinical and immunological remarkable characteristics of NF-κB1 and NF-κB2 deficiencies.

Methanol poisoning during COVID-19 pandemic; A systematic scoping review.

Objective: In this systematic scoping review, it was aimed to assess the epidemiology of methanol poisoning, clinical findings and patients' management, causes, and recommendations regarding prevention or reduction of methanol poisoning during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Three Electronic databases [Medline (accessed from PubMed), Scopus, and Science Direct] were searched systematically from December 01, 2019 to September 10, 2020, using MESH terms and the related keywords in English language. Considering the titles and abstracts, unrelated studies were excluded.

Astaxanthin Induces the Expression of CatSper1 Gene and Protects Sperms in Toxicity Induced by Cadmium in Mice.

Cadmium (Cd) as a heavy metal damages testis and decreases fertility, however, antioxidants can improve sperm parameters and decrease male infertility. In this study we investigated the effect of astaxanthin (AST) on sperm parameters, expression levels of and genes in presence of Cd in mice. Thirty adults' mice were divided into 4 groups, sham group received olive oil and saline (olive oil is the solvent of AST and saline is the solvent of Cd), Cd group received 1 mg/kg Cdcl, a group received 10 mg/kg AST and 1 mg/kg Cdcl and a group received 10 mg/kg AST.

Minimal invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Mini-PCNL) in children: Ultrasound versus fluoroscopic guidance.

Background: Miniaturization of endoscopic instruments in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) allowed less invasive procedures with low complication rates, especially in children. This study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasonography-guided (USG) versus fluoroscopy-guided (FG) mini-PCNL in children.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective comparative study conducted from June 2015 to June 2020.

Chemical binding of pyrrolidinyl peptide nucleic acid (acpcPNA-T9) probe with AuNPs toward label-free monitoring of miRNA-21: A novel biosensing platform for biomedical analysis and POC diagnostics.

miRNAs are attractive factors in cancer research studies due to their important roles for regulating of gene expression. Because of miRNA-21 expression surplus in many types of cancers, so accurate identification is important. Increasing efforts have caused different methods to improve the sensitivity and specificity of detection.

Flexible paper-based label-free electrochemical biosensor for the monitoring of miRNA-21 using core-shell Ag@Au/GQD nano-ink: a new platform for the accurate and rapid analysis by low cost lab-on-paper technology.

miRNA-21 is one of the most famous and prominent microRNAs that is important in the development and emergence of cancers. So, the sensitive and selective monitoring of miRNA-21 as a very common biomarker in cancer treatment is necessary. In this work, a novel paper-based electrochemical peptide nucleic acid (PNA) sensor was developed for the detection of miRNA-21 in human plasma samples by using Ag@Au core-shell nanoparticles electrodeposited on graphene quantum dots (GQD) conductive nano-ink (Ag@Au core-shell/GQD nano-ink), which was designed directly by writing pen-on paper technology on the surface of photographic paper.

Antimicrobial Activity of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Loaded Seed Oil against .

Background: Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), due to their impressive benefits, have recently been considered in different areas. Besides, NLC loaded with essential oils is attractive for finding more effective antimicrobial products, especially against common bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis).

Lymphopenia in COVID-19: Therapeutic opportunities.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is uncontrollably spread all over the world. The host immune responses strongly try to confront it with all the potential cells and cytokines. With chronically condition of SARS-CoV-2, natural killer cells and T cells become exhausted and decreasing their count leads to lymphopenia.

Anti-microbial activity of curcumin nanoformulations: New trends and future perspectives.

Curcumin has been used in numerous anti-microbial research because of its low side effects and extensive traditional applications. Despite having a wide range of effects, the intrinsic physicochemical characteristics such as low bioavailability, poor water solubility, photodegradation, chemical instability, short half-life and fast metabolism of curcumin derivatives limit their pharmaceutical importance. To overcome these drawbacks and improve the therapeutic ability of curcuminoids, novel approaches have been attempted recently.

Effect of IL-36γ expression on chronic periodontitis with an increase in NF-KB signaling pathway.

Background: An inappropriate inflammatory response is the cause of many common diseases, especially periodontitis. Considering that no studies have been carried out to investigate the effect of IL-36γ on chronic periodontitis, this study aimed to investigate the inflammatory mechanism of IL-36γ by stimulating macrophage cells using NF-KB pathway.

Methods: This experimental study was performed on 50 healthy individuals and 50 subjects with chronic periodontitis.

Apoptosis induced by luteolin in breast cancer: Mechanistic and therapeutic perspectives.

Background: Breast cancer is worldwide commonly found malignancy in women and effective treatment is regarded as a huge clinical challenge even in the presence of several options. Extensive literature is available that demonstrating polyphenols, the richly introduce phytopharmaceuticals as anticancer agents. Among these polyphenols, resveratrol, silibinin, quercetin, genistein, curcumin reported to have an awesome potential against breast cancer.

Role of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) in oral cancer.

Oral cancer is known as one of the most common cancers, with a poor prognosis, related to delayed clinical diagnosis, either due to the lack of particular biomarkers related to the disease or costly therapeutic alternatives. Vitamin D executes its functions by interacting with the vitamin D receptor (VDR), both in healthy and diseased individuals, including oral cancer. This review discusses the role of vitamin D and VDR on tumorigenesis, emphasizing on oral cancer.

Targeted cancer drug delivery with aptamer-functionalized polymeric nanoparticles.

Based on exceptional advantages of aptamers, increasing attention has been presented in the utilise of them as targeted ligands for cancer drug delivery. Recently, the progress of aptamer-targeted nanoparticles has presented new therapeutic systems for several types of cancer with decreased toxicity and improved efficacy. We highlight some of the promising formulations of aptamer-conjugated polymeric nanoparticles for specific targeted drug delivery to cancer cells.

STAT3 and apoptosis challenges in cancer.

Several studies have processed conceivable evidence for the vital role of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) in cancer transformation and carcinogenesis. Therefore, one of the important factors in formation of cancer is STAT3 and for design of novel anticancer drugs is a suitable target. On the other hand, apoptosis pathway has a critical role in the cancers pathogenesis.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods: Promising molecular tools in dentistry.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become a popular diagnosis and research technique in dentistry. Several studies show that high sensitivity and specificity of PCR method allows it to be as a precise, efficient, and rapid method for detection, identification, and quantification of microorganisms. Several genetic polymorphisms along with immune and inflammatory markers can be determined; providing the most accurate perception into the mechanisms underlying the dental and periodontal disease.