Inhibition of anti-inflammatory pathway through suppressors of cytokine signalling (Socs2/Socs3) in the initiation of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of cancer related deaths is predominantly driven by chronic inflammatory responses. Due to asymptomatic nature and lack of early patient biopsies, precise involvement of inflammation in hepatic injury initiation remains unidentified. Aim of the study was to elucidate the regulation patterns of inflammatory signalling from initiation of hepatic injury to development of HCC.

Quercetin ameliorates thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis and oxidative stress by antagonizing the Hedgehog signaling pathway.

The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway has emerged as a potential target for effectual hepatic repair based on convincing clinical and preclinical evidence that proves its significance in regulating hepatic damage. The purpose of this study is to probe the effect of quercetin on liver fibrosis through the modulation of the Hh pathway. Healthy male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 10).

Novel functional polymorphism on gene and its association with arthritis onset.

Background: Citrullinated proteins formed by peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADIs) deimination of arginine residues in proteins are of particular interest in arthritis pathogenesis. Polymorphisms on the gene lead to the malfunctioning of PADIs leading to the onset of arthritis.

Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the polymorphisms on the gene and their association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as well as Osteoarthritis (OA).

Analysis of RAS gene mutations in cytogenetically normal de novo acute myeloid leukemia patients reveals some novel alterations.

Rat sarcoma gene (RAS) holds great importance in pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The activated mutations in Neuroblastoma rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) confers proliferative and survival signals, deliberating numerous effects on overall survival and progression free survival in AML patients. In this study thirty one (31) blood samples of adult newly diagnosed AML patients were collected to identify possible incidence of mutations through amplification of KRAS (exon 1 and 2) and NRAS gene (exon 1 and 2) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Association of interleukin-17 gene polymorphisms with the onset of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder where multiple cytokines including IL-17A and IL-17F produced by T helper cell 17 (Th17), contribute to its pathogenesis. By initiating inflammatory responses in joints Th17 act as pathogenic driver leading to bone and cartilage destruction in RA patients. Hence, the planned study was aimed to estimate IL-17 gene polymorphism association with RA susceptibility in Pakistani population.

High-Fat Diet Induced Hedgehog Signaling Modifications during Chronic Kidney Damage.

Excessive consumption of dietary fats leads to the deposition of unnecessary metabolites and multiple organ damage. Lipids, important key regulators of Hedgehog signaling, are involved in triggering fibrotic chronic kidney disease. The present study encompasses the assessment of renal morphofunctional modifications and alteration of lipid metabolism influencing the changes in gene expression of hedgehog signaling pathway genes.

Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism: An Important Predictor of Arthritis Development.

Vitamin D is an anti-inflammatory molecule and has a role in prevention of arthritis development. Biologically active form 1, 25(OH)D3 of vitamin D can only exert its action after binding its definite vitamin D receptor encoded by VDR gene. VDR gene polymorphism leads to dysfunctioning of 1, 25(OH)D ultimately disease onset.

A novel single nucleotide polymorphism in exon 3 of MYOC enhances the risk of glaucoma.

Genetic polymorphismsof MYOCalter the myocilin protein,which leads to disruption of thenormal regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP) that ultimately causes glaucoma.Theaim of the present study was to identify the polymorphism in exon 3 of the MYOC gene of theglaucoma patients in Lahore, Pakistan. We conducted a case-control study with 100 patients and 100 controls subjects.

Corrigendum to "Prebiotics: A Novel Approach to Treat Hepatocellular Carcinoma".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2017/6238106.].

Prebiotics: A Novel Approach to Treat Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the fatal malignancies and is considered as the third leading cause of death. Mutations, genetic modifications, dietary aflatoxins, or impairments in the regulation of oncogenic pathways may bring about liver cancer. An effective barrier against hepatotoxins is offered by gut-liver axis as a change in gut permeability and expanded translocation of lipopolysaccharides triggers the activation of Toll-like receptors which stimulate the process of hepatocarcinogenesis.

Low level of selenium increases the efficacy of 24-epibrassinolide through altered physiological and biochemical traits of Brassica juncea plants.

This study was conducted to provide an insight into the effect of Se (through soil) induced changes in Brassica juncea plants in the presence and absence of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL; foliar). The Se treatments showed dual response, 10 μM of Se significantly increased growth, water relations, photosynthetic attributes along with carbonic anhydrase activity whereas its higher concentrations proved inhibitory in concentration dependent manner. The follow-up application of EBL to the Se stressed plants improved growth, water relations, photosynthesis and simultaneously enhanced the various antioxidant enzymes viz.