Ubiquitin-mediated recruitment of the ATG9A-ATG2 lipid transfer complex drives clearance of phosphorylated p62 aggregates.

Autophagy is an essential cellular recycling process that maintains protein and organelle homeostasis. ATG9A vesicle recruitment is a critical early step in autophagy to initiate autophagosome biogenesis. The mechanisms of ATG9A vesicle recruitment are best understood in the context of starvation-induced non-selective autophagy, whereas less is known about the signals driving ATG9A vesicle recruitment to autophagy initiation sites in the absence of nutrient stress.

Posterior Cruciate Ligament Preservation versus Posterior Cruciate Ligament Sacrifice: Comparing Patient Outcomes in Medial Congruent Total Knee Arthroplasty.

This study aimed to compare outcomes and complication rates between posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) retention and excision utilizing a medial congruent (MC) polyethylene insert in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in a specialized ambulatory surgery center (ASC) dedicated to hip and knee arthroplasty. A retrospective review was performed between May 2023 and October 2023 analyzing 398 patients who underwent primary MC TKA by high-volume joint arthroplasty surgeons ( = 9) with either PCL preservation ( = 264) or sacrifice ( = 134) in a single free-standing ASC. Patients were matched chronologically on a 2:1 basis.

Evaluating Knee Recovery Beyond Patient Reports: A Comparative Study of Smart Implantable Device-Derived Gait Metrics Versus Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is frequently performed for advanced osteoarthritis, with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) traditionally reporting on efficacy. These subjective evaluations, although useful, may inaccurately reflect post-TKA activity levels. With technological advancements, smart implantable devices (SIDs) offer objective, real-time gait metrics, potentially providing a more accurate postoperative recovery assessment.

A Remote Physical Therapy Program Demonstrates Similar Outcomes Compared to In-Person, Supervised Physical Therapy After Same-Day Discharge Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: A growing number of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients are candidates for same-day discharge (SDD). Previous research has shown that internet-based remote physical therapy (RPT) can produce equivalent outcomes to supervised outpatient physical therapy (OPT) after TKA. We sought to compare outcomes between RPT and OPT in patients undergoing SDD TKA using an electronic remote perioperative management (ERPM) program.

In Vitro and In Vivo Testing of Microbe Growth on Antimicrobial Nursing Scrubs.

Around 5% to 10% of hospitalized patients develop a hospital-acquired infection (HAI). Scrubs are a potential vector of HAIs. To compare the antimicrobial characteristics of scrubs with and without an antimicrobial fabric coating, as tested in the laboratory (in vitro) and hospital (in vivo) environments.

The formation of ubiquitin rich condensates triggers recruitment of the ATG9A lipid transfer complex to initiate basal autophagy.

Autophagy is an essential cellular recycling process that maintains protein and organelle homeostasis. ATG9A vesicle recruitment is a critical early step in autophagy to initiate autophagosome biogenesis. The mechanisms of ATG9A vesicle recruitment are best understood in the context of starvation-induced non-selective autophagy, whereas less is known about the signals driving ATG9A vesicle recruitment to autophagy initiation sites in the absence of nutrient stress.

Framework for Accurate Classification of Self-Reported Stress From Multisession Functional MRI Data of Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant burden among combat Veterans returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. While empirically supported treatments have demonstrated reductions in PTSD symptomatology, there remains a need to improve treatment effectiveness. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback has emerged as a possible treatment to ameliorate PTSD symptom severity.

Lower Rates of Femoral Fracture and Subsidence with a Morphometric Stem in Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Introduction: A "morphometric" tapered femoral stem with size-specific medial curvatures and proportional neck lengths was introduced, attempting to improve fixation and biomechanics in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) across a range of femoral sizes and morphotypes. We investigated whether this design reduced complications and better restored anatomy (e.g.

Combining offline high performance liquid chromatography fractionation of peptides and intact proteins to enhance proteome coverage in bottom-up proteomics.

Offline peptide separation (PS) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is currently used to enhance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) detection of proteins. In search of more effective methods for enhancing MS proteome coverage, we developed a robust method for intact protein separation (IPS), an alternative first-dimension separation technique, and explored additional benefits that it offers. Comparing IPS to the traditional PS method, we found that both enhance detection of unique protein IDs to a similar magnitude, though in diverse ways.

Rare finding of axillary artery dissection secondary to a proximal humerus fracture-dislocation: A case report.

Case: Proximal humerus fractures are a relatively common injury, making up approximately 5 % of all extremity fractures. Concurrent damage to the axillary artery, however, is not a commonly associated trauma. We present a unique case of a proximal humerus fracture-dislocation resulting in an axillary artery dissection and upper extremity ischemia, requiring emergent vascular intervention.

Rapid upwards spread of non-native plants in mountains across continents.

High-elevation ecosystems are among the few ecosystems worldwide that are not yet heavily invaded by non-native plants. This is expected to change as species expand their range limits upwards to fill their climatic niches and respond to ongoing anthropogenic disturbances. Yet, whether and how quickly these changes are happening has only been assessed in a few isolated cases.

Utilizing Nonequilibrium Isotope Enrichments to Dramatically Increase Turnover Measurement Ranges in Single Biopsy Samples from Humans.

The synthesis of new proteins and the degradation of old proteins in vivo can be quantified in serial samples using metabolic isotope labeling to measure turnover. Because serial biopsies in humans are impractical, we set out to develop a method to calculate the turnover rates of proteins from single human biopsies. This method involved a new metabolic labeling approach and adjustments to the calculations used in previous work to calculate protein turnover.

Bikini Incision vs Longitudinal Incision for Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review.

Background: Direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty (DAA THA) traditionally involves a longitudinal incision, but a bikini incision may improve postoperative scar cosmesis and patient satisfaction while reducing wound complications. This systematic review compares the clinical outcomes and surgical complications in patients undergoing DAA THA via a bikini vs longitudinal incision.

Methods: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses-compliant search of PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE was performed to identify original articles comparing patients undergoing DAA THA via a bikini vs longitudinal incision published from 2010 to 2021.

Can Component Size in Total Knee Arthroplasty Be Predicted Preoperatively?-An Analysis of Patient Characteristics.

Accurately predicting component sizing in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can ensure appropriate implants are readily available, avoiding complications from malsizing while also reducing cost by improving workflow efficiency through a reduction in instrumentation. This study investigated the utility of demographic variables to reliably predict TKA component sizes. A retrospective chart review of 337 patients undergoing primary TKA was performed.

Corrigendum: Reduced Glutamate in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Is Associated With Emotional and Cognitive Dysregulation in People With Chronic Pain.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.

Consideration of pelvic tilt at the time of preoperative planning improves standing acetabular position after robotic-arm assisted total hip arthroplasty.

Introduction: Approximately half of dislocating total hip arthroplasties (THAs) demonstrate acetabular component position within traditional safe zones. It is unclear if postoperative functional acetabular position can be reliably improved by considering preoperative pelvic tilt. We investigated whether standing cup position targets could be more accurately achieved by considering preoperative standing pelvic tilt in addition to bone landmarks when planning for robot-assisted THA.

Robotic-Assisted Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Who Have Developmental Hip Dysplasia.

Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the setting of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) presents more inherent complexities than routine primary THA for osteoarthritis. These include acetabular bone deficiency, limb length discrepancy (LLD), and abnormal femoral anteversion. Three-dimensional planning and robot-assisted (RA) bone preparation may simplify these complex procedures and make them more reproducible.

Wound Management following Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Updated Review.

Optimal wound closure techniques following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have focused on enhancing healing potential, preventing infection, yielding satisfactory cosmesis, and allowing early ambulation and functionality. An appropriate layered closure and management of the TKA typically involves addressing the (1) deep fascial layer; (2) subdermal layer; (3) intradermal layer, including the subcuticular region; and (4) final application of a specific aseptic dressing, each of which are covered here in detail. This focused critical review of the literature discusses traditional techniques used in all layers of wound closure following TKA while introducing several emerging popular techniques.

Heterotopic Ossification Following Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty With and Without Postoperative Analgesic Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatories.

Background: Heterotopic ossification (HO) can result in poorer clinical outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Multiple modes of intervention have been evaluated for HO prevention, including the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories. Additionally, multimodal pain management strategies including celecoxib have become more prominent.

Bridging the Gap: The Influence of Foot and Ankle Pathomechanics in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Altered spinopelvic mechanics can have dramatic influences on the success of hip arthroplasty as seen with concomitant hip and spine disease. Interestingly, limited focus has been directed toward a similar codependent relationship between concurrent knee and foot deformities. By bridging this interdisciplinary gap, we attempt to explore the current understanding and clinical implications of concomitant knee and foot pathology while reviewing management options for addressing this unique yet ubiquitous patient population.

Range of Motion to Impingement Curves Create a New Patient-Specific Impingement-Free Zone for Acetabular Cup Placement.

Introduction: The acetabular "safe zone" has recently been questioned as a reliable reference for predicting total hip arthroplasty impingement and instability as many dislocations occur within the described parameters. Recently, an improved understanding of spino-pelvic mechanics has provided surgeons useful information to both identify those at a higher risk of dislocation and, in some cases, allows altering component positioning to accommodate the patient's individual "functional" range of motion. The purpose of this study was to create a new patient-specific impingement-free zone by considering range of motion (ROM) to prosthetic impingement for both high flexion and extension poses, thus demarcating a zone that avoids both anterior and posterior impingement, thereby creating an objective approach to identifying a patient's ideal functional safe zone.

Impingement Resulting in Femoral Notching and Elevated Metal-Ion Levels After Dual-Mobility Total Hip Arthroplasty.

A 60-year-old woman underwent revision total hip arthroplasty with a modular dual-mobility articulation for recurrent dislocation. At 1-year follow-up, the patient reported no dislocations but had occasional clicking and discomfort with extreme motion. A Dunn radiograph identified notching of the femoral stem, attributed to impingement.

Evolution of 3-Dimensional Functional Planning for Total Hip Arthroplasty with a Robotic Platform.

Robotic-assisted surgery was introduced to make various mechanical aspects of a total hip arthroplasty more reproducible. When paired with sophisticated three-dimensional preoperative planning, robotic surgery offers the promise that a surgeon might select and reliably achieve targets for component position to optimize hip center-of-rotation, acetabular anteversion and inclination, femoral offset, as well as limb length. This paper describes a patient-specific step-by-step approach to performing these procedures including taking into account pelvic tilt.