Spinal aspergillosis: a rare complication of COVID-19 infection.

Background: Several complications have been reported in COVID-19 infection. Most of the complications include secondary infection.

Case Presentation: We report an 85-year-old male who presented with cauda equina syndrome 7-months after contracting COVID-19 infection.

Spinal angiolipoma mimicking a schwannoma: A case report.

Background: Angiolipomas rarely involve the spinal canal/foramina, and may prove difficult to differentiate from schwannomas.

Case Description: Here we report a patient who presented with a spinal angiolipoma contributing to spinal cord and neural foraminal compression that was difficult to differentiate from a schwannoma.

Conclusion: Spinal angiolipomas rarely involve the spinal canal/foramina.

Pediatric Head Injury: A Study of 403 Cases in a Tertiary Care Hospital in a Developing Country.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Falls are the most common type of injury, followed by motor vehicle-related accidents and child abuse.

Aims And Objectives: The aim and objective of this study was to elucidate the various modes of injury, prognostic factors, complications, incidence of various modes of injury, and outcome in TBI in pediatric population.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from neglected meningocele.

Background: A neural tube defect (NTD) is a common congenital anomaly with an incidence of 6.57-8.21 per 1000 live births.

Epidemiology of the neural tube defects in Kashmir Valley.

Introduction/background: Neural tube defects (NTD) are the most common congenital malformations affecting the brain and spinal cord and have a multifactorial etiology. Genetic and environmental factors have been found to cause these defects, both individually and in combination.

Aims And Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, types, demographics, risk factors, and other associated anomalies relevant to NTDs in Kashmir Valley.

Posterior fossa ruptured dermoid cyst presenting with hydrocephalus.

Dermoid cysts are rare, benign lesions of embryological origin that represent 0.1-0.7% of all intracranial tumors.

Subdural hydatid cyst presenting as recurrent subdural hygroma.

Intracranial hydatid disease is an uncommon entity that usually is parenchymal in location. Presence of hydatid cyst in subdural location is being reported for the first time in the literature. A 13-year-old female child with the diagnosis of hydatid disease of brain was operated.

Epidemiology of the neural tube defects in Kashmir Valley.

Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are the most common congenital malformations affecting the brain and spinal cord and have a multifactorial etiology. Genetic and environmental factors have been found to cause these defects, both individually and in combination.

Methods: A 2-year hospital-based prospective study was carried out from November 2013 to October 2015 to determine the incidence, types, demographics, risk factors, and other associated anamolies relevant to NTDs in Kashmir Valley.

Combination of needle aspiration and core needle biopsy: A new technique of stereotactic biopsy.

Aim: The study aims at describing the results of using a new technique to acquire the tissue sample in stereotactic biopsy of brain lesions.

Materials And Methods: The study was performed in 19 patients over a period of 5 years in which we used the new technique, i.e.

Hydrocephalus after decompressive craniotomy: a case series.

Background: Post-craniectomy hydrocephalus in patients with intracranial hypertension is becoming a major concern for neurosurgeons because of the increasing number of hospital admissions for head trauma, stroke and other lesions which may lead to severe brain oedema requiring decompressive craniectomy.

Methods: We collected records of all the paediatric patients who developed hydrocephalus following decompressive craniotomy from October 2011 to October 2013 and analysed their clinical profiles.

Results: We had 3 patients in this group, ranging in age from 6 to 18 years; 1 patient died and the other 2 patients continue to remain in follow-up.

Management dilemma in penetrating head injuries in comatose patients: Scenario in underdeveloped countries.

Background: The optimal management of patients with minimal injury to brain has been a matter of controversy and this is especially intensified when the patient has a poor neurological status. This is important in the regions where neurosurgical services are limited and patient turnover is disproportionate to the available resources. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of aggressive management in coma patients after penetrating missile injuries of the brain.

Decompressive hemicraniectomy in supra-tentorial malignant infarcts.

Background: Decompressive hemicraniectomy not only reduces the intracranial pressure but has been demonstrated to increase survival and decrease the morbidity in patients with supratentorial malignant brain infarcts (STMBI). The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of surgical decompression to decrease the mortality and morbidity in patients with STMBI refractory to medical therapy and to compare the results with those of the medically managed patients.

Methods: All the 24 consecutive patients with clinical and radiological diagnosis of STMBI, refractory to medical management in 2 years, were included.

Stray bullet: An accidental killer during riot control.

Background: The use of force to control public uprisings, riots, unruly mobs is an important tool in any administrative setup. Law enforcement agencies often resort to aerial firing, which can be responsible for unintended injuries due to stray bullets.This study was designed to study the pattern of stray bullet injuries and to generate awareness about the hazards related to the use of live ammunition during riot control.

Elevated skull fractures in pediatric age group: report of two cases.

Elevated fractures of the skull, which are rarely reported in the literature, are always compound, have maximal neurological deficits at presentation and have been reported only in adults. We report two cases of elevated skull fractures in the pediatric age group, one of which was a simple elevated fracture and presented with delayed neurological deterioration. The etiologies were a fall in first case and an animal attack (bear maul) in the second case as reported for the first time.

Isolated enchondroma of atlas.

Compression at the craniovertebral junction because of tumors is not a very common entity. The commonest tumors present here are neurofibroma and meningioma. Any vertebral tumour can be present at this location.

Missile injury to the pediatric brain in conflict zones.

Object: This study was conducted both prospectively and retrospectively at one center over a period of 8 years. The population consisted of all patients with both an age 18 years or younger and a diagnosed penetrating missile injury (PMI) during the study interval. The authors analyzed factors determining outcome and demographic trends in this population, and they compared them with those in the more developed world.

Extraventricular neurocytoma of the vermis in a child.

Neurocytomas are rare neoplasms, composed of uniform round cells with neuronal differentiation. We report a rare extraventricular neurocytoma (EVN) in a 5-year-old boy who presented with headache and vomiting. His MRI brain showed a vermian mass.

Head injury caused by tear gas cartridge in teenage population.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the head injury in children caused by an unusual projectile, a tear gas cartridge. The study is the only one on this subject which has been done in a teenage population.

Method: This was a prospective study conducted over a period of 4 years in which all the patients aged less than or equal to 18 years and who had a head injury due to a tear gas cartridge were included.

Posterior fossa extradural hematoma: our experience and review of the literature.

Background: Posterior fossa EDH is an uncommon entity, accounting for only 4% to 12.9% of all EDHs It has a characteristic clinical presentation, which if detected can be life-saving.

Methods: We sought to study the demographic features of patients with PFEDH and assess the clinical and radiologic predictors of the outcomes of as well as evaluate the various treatment modalities for this disease.