Phospholipase A2 expression in prostate cancer as a biomarker of good prognosis: A comprehensive study in patients with long follow-up.

Background: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a large family of enzymes involved in the inflammatory process that catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids, leading to the production of free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, starting the arachidonic acid cascade. Their expression has been related to the behavior of several cancers. Our objective is to search for PLA2 expression in prostate cancer (PCa) tissue that correlates with prognosis and survival.

MicroRNA-29b attenuates fibrosis in a rat model of Peyronie's disease.

Background: Peyronie's disease is characterized by the formation of fibrotic plaques in the penile tunica albuginea. Effective treatments are limited, warranting the investigation of new promising therapies, such as the application of microRNAs that regulate fibrosis-related genes.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of mimicking microRNA-29b in a fibrin-induced rat model of Peyronie's disease.

Enhancing RECK Expression Through miR-21 Inhibition: A Promising Strategy for Bladder Carcinoma Control.

Bladder carcinoma (BC) is the tenth most frequent malignancy worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite recent treatment advances, high-grade BC and muscle-invasive BC present with significant progression and recurrence rates, urging the need for alternative treatments. The microRNA-21 (miR-21) has superexpression in many malignancies and is associated with cellular invasion and progression.

Upregulation of shelterin and CST genes and longer telomeres are associated with unfavorable prognostic characteristics in prostate cancer.

Introduction: Search for new clinical biomarkers targets in prostate cancer (PC) is urgent. Telomeres might be one of these targets. Telomeres are the extremities of linear chromosomes, essential for genome stability and control of cell divisions.

The Effect of Gene Editing by CRISPR-Cas9 of miR-21 and the Indirect Target MMP9 in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) has a high prevalence and represents an important health problem, with an increased risk of metastasis. With the advance of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, new possibilities have been created for investigating PCa. The technique is effective in knockout oncogenes, reducing tumor resistance.

Overexpression of miR-17-5p may negatively impact p300/CBP factor-associated inflammation in a hypercholesterolemic advanced prostate cancer model.

Background: Previously, we demonstrated that cholesterol triggers the increase in p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF), targeted by miR-17-5p. The p300, IL-6, PCAF, and miR-17-5p genes have important and contradictory roles in inflammation and prostate cancer (PCa). This study aimed to demonstrate the potential anti-inflammatory effect of miR-17-5 in an advanced PCa model with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia.

Intratumoral Restoration of miR-137 Plus Cholesterol Favors Homeostasis of the miR-137/Coactivator p160/AR Axis and Negatively Modulates Tumor Progression in Advanced Prostate Cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have gained a prominent role as biomarkers in prostate cancer (PCa). Our study aimed to evaluate the potential suppressive effect of miR-137 in a model of advanced PCa with and without diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. In vitro, PC-3 cells were treated with 50 pmol of mimic miR-137 for 24 h, and gene and protein expression levels of SRC-1, SRC-2, SRC-3, and AR were evaluated by qPCR and immunofluorescence.

Cholesterol Triggers Nuclear Co-Association of Androgen Receptor, p160 Steroid Coactivators, and p300/CBP-Associated Factor Leading to Androgenic Axis Transactivation in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Background/aims: Cholesterol modulates intratumoral androgenic signaling in prostate cancer; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are not fully elucidated. Herein, we investigated the effect of cholesterol on androgen receptor (AR) coactivators expression and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: Herein, we monitored the expression of AR coactivators (SRC-1, 2, 3 and PCAF) genes in PC-3 cells exposed to 2µg/mL of cholesterol for 8 hours by qPCR.

Can we use Ki67 expression to predict prostate cancer aggressiveness?

Introduction: specialists have an urge for biomarkers that can discriminate indolent prostate cancer from aggressive tumors. Ki67 is a proliferation marker, and its expression is associated with the aggressiveness of several cancers.

Objective: analyze the expression of Ki67 in prostate cancer samples correlating with the aggressiveness of the disease.

Combined spinal and general anesthesia attenuate tumor promoting effects of surgery. An experimental animal study.

Background: Radical prostatectomy, a standard management approach for localized Prostate Cancer (PC), may cause a stress response associated with immune modulating effects. Regional anesthesia was hypothesized to reduce the immune effects of surgery by minimizing the neuroendocrine surgical stress response, thus mitigating tumor cells dissemination. Our primary objective was to investigate whether the use of spinal blocks attenuates PC tumor cells dissemination on an animal model.

Pan-cancer analysis reveals that CTC1-STN1-TEN1 (CST) complex may have a key position in oncology.

Telomere dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of cancer, which puts telomere-associated genes in a prominent position in oncology. The CTC1-STN1-TEN1 (CST) complex is vital for telomere maintenance and participates in several steps of DNA metabolism, such as repair and replication, essential functions for malignant cells. Despite this, little is known about these genes in cancer biology.

Tissue expression of MMP-9, TIMP-1, RECK, and miR338-3p in prostate gland: can it predict cancer?

Prostate cancer is the most frequent malignancy affecting men worldwide. Due to the low sensitivity and specificity of the prostate-specific antigen test and the digital rectal exam as screening modalities, several alternatives are being studied. This study aimed to evaluate the application of MMP-9 and its regulators (TIMP-1, RECK, and miR-338-3p) as diagnostic and prognostic indicators of prostate cancer.

Can increased expression of miR-Let-7c reduce the transition potential of high-grade urothelial carcinoma?

Background: Bladder cancer is the leading transitional cell carcinoma affecting men and women with high morbidity and mortality rates, justifying the need to develop new molecular target therapies using microRNAs. This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of the T24 cell line after transfection with miR-Let-7c precursor mimic through invasion, migration, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays. METHODS AND RESULTS: T24 cell was transfected with the Let-7c mimic and its respective control and evaluated after 24 h.

Prognostic value of TERF1 expression in prostate cancer.

Background: Telomere dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of cancer and is crucial to prostate carcinogenesis. TERF1 is a gene essential to telomere maintenance, and its dysfunction has already been associates with several cancers. TERF1 is a target of miR-155, and this microRNA can inhibit its expression and promotes carcinogenesis in breast cancer.

MiR-200c-3p expression may be associated with worsening of the clinical course of patients with COVID-19.

COVID-19 represents a public health emergency, whose mechanism of which is not fully understood. It is speculated that microRNAs may play a crucial role in host cells after infection by SARS-CoV-2. Thus, our study aimed to analyze the expression of miR-200c-3p in saliva samples from patients with COVID-19.

Telomeric zinc-finger associated protein (TZAP) in cancer biology: friend or foe?

The new identified protein telomeric zinc-finger associated protein (TZAP) is a negative regulator of telomere length. Since telomere length and telomere maintenance mechanisms are essential to cancer progression, TZAP is considered a new player in cancer biology. Here we aimed to analyze TZAP using the Cancer Genome Atlas data in a Pan-Cancer approach.

Downregulation of miR-29b is associated with Peyronie's disease.

Background: Peyronie's disease (PD) is characterized by the formation of fibrous plaque in tunica albuginea, causing several problems in patients. The etiology of this disease is not fully understood, and there are few effective treatments. To better understand the molecular pathways of PD, we studied miR-29b, a microRNA that could be involved with this illness.

Shorter leukocyte telomere length is associated with severity of COVID-19 infection.

The infection by COVID-19 is a serious global public health problem. An efficient way to improve this disease's clinical management would be to characterize patients at higher risk of progressing to critically severe infection using prognostic biomarkers. The telomere length could be used for this purpose.

A novel supplement with yeast β-glucan, prebiotic, minerals and Silybum marianum synergistically modulates metabolic and inflammatory pathways and improves steatosis in obese mice.

Objective: To evaluate the synergic effects of a novel oral supplement formulation, containing prebiotics, yeast β-glucans, minerals and silymarin (Silybum marianum), on lipid and glycidic metabolism, inflammatory and mitochondrial proteins of the liver, in control and high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

Methods: After an acclimation period, 32 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into the following groups: nonfat diet (NFD) vehicle, NFD supplemented, high-fat diet (HFD) vehicle and HFD supplemented. The vehicle and experimental formulation were administered orally by gavage once a day during the last four weeks of the diet (28 consecutive days).

The role of single nucleotide polymorphisms of miRNAs 100 and 146a as prognostic factors for prostate cancer.

Introduction: Prostate cancer has a high incidence in men and is the second cause of cancer death among americans male. microRNA (miR) is becoming a potential new prognostic factor for prostate cancer. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are common polymorphisms, characterized by a single exchange of nitrogen based in the DNA.

Physical activity effects on bladder dysfunction in an obese and insulin-resistant murine model.

Objective: To investigate the role of physical activity in functional and molecular bladder alterations in an obese and insulin-resistant murine model.

Methods: Wistar rats were randomized into 1. physical activity and standard diet; 2.

First detection of Feline morbillivirus infection in white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris, Lund, 1840), a non-feline host.

Feline Morbillivirus (FeMV) was first detected in 2012 in domestic cats from Hong Kong and was found to be associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis and chronic kidney disease. In subsequent studies in other countries, FeMV was detected in asymptomatic cats. However, it is not clear whether FeMV plays a role as a pathogen in the kidney diseases of cats, and other epidemiological data are still unknown.

Hypothesis: The triad androgen receptor, zinc finger proteins and telomeres modulates the global gene expression pattern during prostate cancer progression.

Currently, the biggest challenge for prostate cancer (PCa) is to understand the mechanism by which the disease acquires the castration-resistant phenotype and progresses to a fatal disease. PCa has a high genetic heterogeneity, and cannot be separated into well-defined molecular subtypes. Despite this, there is consensus about the role of the androgen receptor (AR) in all stages of the disease, including the transition to the castration-resistant phenotype.

Robotically assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy induces lower tissue trauma than radical retropubic prostatectomy.

To compare tissue trauma between Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy and Robotically Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy by inflammatory mediators. Serum samples from 40 patients submitted to RALP and 20 patients submitted to RRP were withdrawn at four different time points. The cytokines IL-4, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1B, IL-10 and TNF-α were detected using ELISA/Multiplex assays and xMAP-Luminex®.