Pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium--a clinical condition of multispeciality interest.

Pneumomediastinum with its usual associations like pneumopericardium has been described in detail including review of literature, aetiopathogenesis, symptoms and signs, complications, necessary investigations and management protocol by the authors in this article of multispeciality interest.

Band and loop space maintainer--made easy.

Space maintainers have been used in Pediatric Dentistry for many years. The use of these appliances, however, in terms of indications, contraindications, design and construction has gained little attention from researchers. This paper highlights the construction of a new technique of fabrication of band and loop space maintainer.

Myocutaneous v/s micro vascular free flaps in oral cavity reconstruction - a comparative study.

Unlabelled: Micro vascular free tissue transfer scores over the traditional myocutaneous flaps by providing better cosmesis and function. However, the increased operating tine and costs and the necessity for two operating teams sometimes, negate these advantages and even where this facility is freely available, myoentancous flaps continue to be widely used.To determine the ideal choice of reconstruction in patients after oral resection, we compared our experience with these two methods of reconstruction.

A review of odontogenic keratocyst with a report of unusual occurrence in the maxilla.

Odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) are keratinizing epithelium-lined cycts of the jaws with well-defined histologic criteria and possessing one clinical feature warranting their recognition and separation as a distinctive entity, due to their exceedingly high recurrence rate. This report describes a case of OKC which occurred in the anterior maxilla in a 12 year old female child, with its treatment. These lesions are normally seen in the mandible, and are rare in the maxilla.

Hypocholesterolemic effect of spirulina in patients with hyperlipidemic nephrotic syndrome.

In nephrotic syndrome, large amounts of plasma proteins are lost in urine, causing a decrease in the plasma oncotic pressure. This leads to enhanced hepatic synthesis of albumin and other proteins, including lipoproteins, causing a secondary hyperlipidemia. Essential fatty acids such as gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) can prevent accumulation of cholesterol in the body, and spirulina has an appreciable amount of GLA.

Determination of mode of fracture of adhesive restorative materials. An invitro study.

In the present invitro study, four adhesive restorative materials were evaluated for the determination of mode of fracture. The four materials chosen were TPH composite resin, Dyract, Fuji II LC and Fuji II. The mode of fracture was determined at a magnification of 10X.

A comparative evaluation of four adhesive tooth coloured restorative materials. An invitro study.

Four adhesive tooth colored restorative materials, Fuji II, Fuji II LC, Dyract and TPH composite resin were evaluated for the amount of microleakage in enamel and cementum. The TPH composite resin showed maximum microleakage, significantly higher than Fuji II, which showed least microleakage. All the four materials showed more micro leakage in cementum when compared to enamel.

Surgical management of some unusual Parapharyngeal space Tumors.

We present out experience with the surgical management of 8 cases parapharyngeal tumors which were successfully operated using various approaches. Most tumors were quite large and presented special surgical challenges to safegaurd important structures and ensure complete tumors excision. Included in the series are 3 rare tumors, a myoepethilioma of the deep lobe of parotid, a Glomus intravagale tumor and a case of extra osseous Ewing's sarcoma.

Provox voice prosthesis - The Indian experience.

Following Total Laryngectomy, Tracheo-oesophageal speech prosthesis offers the most reliable form of voice rehabilitation. Of the various prostheses currently available. The Provox voice prosthesis developed by the Netherlands Cancer Institute has been the most popular due to its superior design and in-dwelling nature.

Carotid artery resection and vein grafting for malignancy.

Neck recurrence following multi-modality therapy generally indicates a poor prognosis. Many of these recurrences are considered inoperable due to invasion of the Internal Carotid artery. Resec-tion of the carotid artery in these circumstances is associated with a high risk of neurological morbidity.

Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms and self-reported diagnosed 'benign prostatic hyperplasia', and their effect on quality of life in a community-based survey of men in the UK.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in a community-based population in the UK, to measure the impact of these symptoms on quality of life and health status in men with self-reported 'benign prostatic hyperplasia' ('BPH'), and to evaluate health-seeking behaviour in this population.

Subjects And Methods: A postal survey was distributed to an age-stratified random sample of 1500 men aged 50 years or older from throughout England, Scotland and Wales. The self-administered survey included: demographic questions; the EuroQoL (EQ-5D) instrument, consisting of a health-status index questionnaire and a visual analogue scale (VAS) on which participants rated their current health status; the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire; and a questionnaire assessing the participants' health-seeking behaviour and awareness of BPH.

Energy charge potential and glutathione levels as predictors of outcome following burn injury complicated by endotoxemia.

We studied the effect of water-soluble antioxidants geared at restoring glutathione levels on oxygen consumption, cell energetics as measured by energy charge potential (ECP), glutathione levels, and mortality, in response to a 20% total body surface area (TBSA) third degree burn injury combined with endotoxemia, five days after burn in a rat model. The 20% TBSA third degree burn injury was not fatal for the six day study period. Oxygen consumption as well as red blood cell ECP remained unchanged from control values.

Plasma catalase and glutathione levels are decreased in response to inhalation injury.

We determined the effect of a severe smoke exposure on plasma oxidant and antioxidant activity. Adult sheep were given a smoke exposure while under anesthesia that produced a carboxyhemoglobin level of 45% +/- 3%. Twelve sheep were studied; six were given smoke alone and volume-resuscitated with sufficient lactated Ringer's solution to maintain baseline hemodynamics.

Excessive liver oxidant stress causes mortality in response to burn injury combined with endotoxin and is prevented with antioxidants.

We studied the effect of the oral administration of a water-soluble antioxidant solution containing ascorbic acid, glutathione, and a precursor for glutathione synthesis, N-Acetyl-L-cysteine, on liver antioxidant activity, liver cell energetics, and mortality in rats in response to a 20% third-degree burn injury challenged 5 days later with an intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg endotoxin. Rats with burns were fluid-resuscitated with subcutaneous Ringer's lactate solution according to the Parkland formula (4 cc/kg/%burn). Rats challenged with endotoxin 5 days after burn were given an additional 100 ml/kg of subcutaneous Ringer's lactate solution immediately after the injection of endotoxin.

Glomus intravagale tumour-a case report.

Paragangliomas are uncommon tumours arising from chemoreceptor organs. Those arising in relation to the vagus nerve are referred to as Glomus intravagale or vagal body tumours. They are rare tumours accounting for only 3% of Head & Neck paragangliomas.

Antioxidants prevent the cellular deficit produced in response to burn injury.

We studied the effect of water-soluble antioxidants on the cell energetics in multiple organs in rats in response to a 20% total body surface area third-degree burn injury. Liver, lung, and heart tissue were studied. Cell energetics were measured as tissue energy charge potential (ECP), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, and total adenine nucleotides.

Internal carotid artery resection for invasion of malignant tumors.

Background: To study the preoperative investigation and outcome of patients who underwent resection of the internal carotid artery for malignant disease. A retrospective analysis using a chart review of these patients was performed, and the results were analyzed. All patients were treated by one of us (U.

Alpha-tocopherol attenuates lung edema and lipid peroxidation caused by acute zymosan-induced peritonitis.

Background: Inflammation-induced disease as seen with trauma and infection can lead to increased lung oxidant activity resulting in cell membrane lipid peroxidation. Acute zymosan-induced peritonitis in rats produces lung inflammation, edema, and lipid peroxidation. We determined whether administered alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), the key antioxidant protection against cell membrane lipid peroxidation, would improve this process.

Relative fluorescence intensities of human plasma soluble melanins in normal adults.

Fluorescence spectroscopy of plasma soluble melanin derived from 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid discloses an emission (em) maximum at approximately 413 nm [excitation (ex) maximum approximately 324 nm]; plasma melanins derived from dopa, catecholamines, catechol and 3-hydroxykynurenine have em maxima at approximately 445 nm (ex maxima approximately 345 nm). All of these melanins are present in human plasma. For the present study, plasma samples were obtained from 120 healthy Caucasian, Hispanic, Mongoloid and Negroid males and females, ranging from 19 to 92 years of age, with 12 or more subjects in each racial and sex group.

Comparison between lung and liver lipid peroxidation and mortality after zymosan peritonitis in the rat.

We compared the mortality rate and the lung and liver histologic injury with the degree of tissue lipid peroxidation after zymosan-induced peritonitis. Male Wistar rats were given .75 or 1 mg/g of zymosan intraperitoneally and monitored for 24 h.

Homogentisic acid and structurally related compounds as intermediates in plasma soluble melanin formation and in tissue toxicities.

Homogentisic acid (HGA) spontaneously starts to undergo oxidation and polymerization soon after the beginning of incubation in human blood or plasma at 37 degrees C, and forms plasma soluble melanins (PSM). Haemolysis accompanies this process in blood. The addition of equimolar quantities of antioxidants delays this oxidation significantly (isoascorbic acid by 2:30-4:00 h; glutathione by 3:20-4:05 h; D-penicillamine by 5:00-5:45 h).