Asia-Pacific Consensus Recommendations on X-Linked Hypophosphatemia: Diagnosis, Multidisciplinary Management, and Transition From Pediatric to Adult Care.

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare, inherited, multisystem disorder characterized by hypophosphatemia that occurs secondary to renal phosphate wasting. Mutations in PHEX gene (located at Xp22.1) in XLH alter bone mineral metabolism, resulting in diverse skeletal, dental, and other extraskeletal abnormalities that become evident in early childhood and persist into adolescence and adult life.

Standard and high dose ergocalciferol regimens for treatment of hypovitaminosis D in epileptic children and adolescents.

Objectives: Children with epilepsy are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency. We aimed to compare the effect of two ergocalciferol regimens given for 90 days.

Methods: Epileptic patients aged 5-18 years who received at least one antiepileptic drug (AED) for more than 6 months and had serum 25-OHD <30 ng/mL were randomized to receive 20,000 IU/10 d (standard dose, n=41) or 60,000 IU/10 d (high dose, n=41) of oral ergocalciferol.

Young-onset diabetes patients in Thailand: Data from Thai Type 1 Diabetes and Diabetes diagnosed Age before 30 years Registry, Care and Network (T1DDAR CN).

Aims/introduction: There is a lack of current information regarding young-onset diabetes in Thailand. Thus, the objectives of this study were to describe the types of diabetes, the clinical characteristics, the treatment regimens and achievement of glycemic control in Thai patients with young-onset diabetes.

Materials And Methods: Data of 2,844 patients with diabetes onset before 30 years-of-age were retrospectively reviewed from a diabetes registry comprising 31 hospitals in Thailand.

Type 1 diabetes management and outcomes: A multicenter study in Thailand.

Aims/introduction: The Thai Type 1 Diabetes and Diabetes Diagnosed Before Age 30 Years Registry, Care and Network was established in 2014 and involved 31 hospitals. The objective of the registry was to evaluate glycemic control and complications of patients with type 1 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: Patients' demographics, clinical data, frequencies of daily self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), glycemic control and complications were collected.

Progressive osseous heteroplasia, as an isolated entity or overlapping with Albright hereditary osteodystrophy.

Introduction: Progressive osseous heteroplasia (POH) is a condition of invasive heterotopic ossification. Reports of patients with mild POH with Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), specifically pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia (PHP Ia) with hormonal resistance, suggest the possibility of a common molecular basis. GNAS has been implicated to account for overlapping features of POH and PHP Ia.

Successful strategy to improve glucose tolerance in Thai obese youth.

Background: Childhood obesity is an emerging national health problem in Thailand. Our previous study found that one third of obese children and adolescents had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 2.6 percent had already developed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Ectopic thymic parathyroid adenoma and vitamin D deficiency rickets: a 5-year-follow-up case report and review of literature.

Sixteen patients with primary hyperparathyroidism presenting as rickets have so far been reported in the English literature. However, no report of an ectopic thymic parathyroid adenoma presenting as rickets has been published. We report a 14-year-old Caucasian American, wheelchair-ridden male who presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of vitamin D deficiency rickets subsequently confirmed by laboratory and radiological findings.

Low cortical bone density measured by computed tomography in children and adolescents with untreated hyperthyroidism.

Objective: To determine whether increased thyroid hormones levels have an effect on various bone components (cortical vs cancellous bone).

Study Design: The anthropometric and 3-dimensional quantitative computed tomography (CT) bone measurements, including bone density (BD), cross-sectional area (CSA) of the lumbar spine and femur, and cortical bone area (CBA) of the femur, of 18 children and adolescents with untreated hyperthyroidism were reviewed and compared with those of age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched historical controls.

Results: No significant differences in height, weight, body mass index (BMI), or pubertal staging between patients and controls were found.

Clinical pictures of type 2 diabetes in Thai children and adolescents is highly related to features of metabolic syndrome.

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in children and adolescents has increased, parallelled to the increased prevalence of obesity around the world. The objectives of this study are (1) to identify the clinical presenting features of T2DM in Thai children and adolescents, and (2) to identify evidence of feature of metabolic syndrome in these affected. We analyzed 26 T2DM patients who were treated by Pediatric endocrinologists in our hospital.