Atorvastatin liposomes in a 3D-printed polymer film: a repurposing approach for local treatment of oral candidiasis.

Oral candidiasis (OC) is an opportunistic fungal infection, common amongst the elderly and the immunocompromised. Unfortunately, the therapeutic efficacy of common antifungals is imperiled by the rise of antifungal drug resistance. An alternative promising therapeutic option possibly contributing to antifungal therapy is drug repurposing.

Exploring a Novel Fasudil-Phospholipid Complex Formulated as Liposomal Thermosensitive in situ Gel for Glaucoma.

Purpose: Fasudil hydrochloride (Fas), a rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor, proved to be promising for glaucoma management owing to its IOP lowering and antioxidant effects. However, its highly hydrophilic nature limits ocular permeation and bioavailability. Hence, the study objective was the development of Fas loaded vesicular system with high entrapment efficiency formulated as a thermosensitive gel for local administration aiming to enhance ocular retention and permeation and hence therapeutic efficacy.

Cyclosporine Lipid Nanocapsules as Thermoresponsive Gel for Dry Eye Management: Promising Corneal Mucoadhesion, Biodistribution and Preclinical Efficacy in Rabbits.

An ophthalmic cyclosporine (CsA) formulation based on Lipid nanocapsules (LNC) was developed for dry eye management, aiming to provide targeting to ocular tissues with long-term drug levels and maximum tolerability. CsA-LNC were of small particle size (41.9 ± 4.

and performance of locally manufactured glimepiride tablet generics compared to the innovator (Amaryl) tablets.

Both physicians and patients in Egypt often express concern as to the clinical efficacy of locally manufactured glimepiride tablet generics whenever adequate control of blood sugar is not achieved with these products. The present study addresses this issue. The pharmaceutical quality of four glimepiride 3 mg tablet generics purchased in Egypt from local pharmacies was assessed relative to the innovator product (Amaryl), 3 mg tablets.

The Relationship Between the Permeability and the Performance of Carrier-Based Dry Powder Inhalation Mixtures: New Insights and Practical Guidance.

The permeability of a powder bed reflects its particle size distribution, shape, packing, porosity, cohesivity, and tensile strength in a manner relevant to powder fluidization. The relationship between the permeability and the performance of carrier-based dry powder inhalation (DPI) mixtures has, however, aroused controversy. The current study sought to gain new insights into the relationship and to explore its potential applications.

Vancomycin-eluting niosomes: a new approach to the inhibition of staphylococcal biofilm on abiotic surfaces.

A new vancomycin (VCM)-eluting mixed bilayer niosome formulation was evaluated for the control of staphylococcal colonization and biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces, a niosome application not explored to date. Cosurfactant niosomes were prepared using a Span 60/Tween 40/cholesterol blend (1: 1: 2). Tween 40, a polyethoxylated amphiphile, was included to enhance VCM entrapment and confer niosomal surface properties precluding bacterial adhesion.

Propylene glycol liposomes as a topical delivery system for miconazole nitrate: comparison with conventional liposomes.

Propylene glycol (PG)-phospholipid vesicles have been advocated as flexible lipid vesicles for enhanced skin delivery of drugs. To further characterize the performance of these vesicles and to address some relevant pharmaceutical issues, miconazole nitrate(MN)-loaded PG nanoliposomes were prepared and characterized for vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, in vitro release, and vesicle stability. An issue of pharmaceutical importance is the time-dependent, dilution-driven diffusion of propylene glycol out of the vesicles.

Development of naftifine hydrochloride alcohol-free niosome gel.

Marketed topical gels of the antifungal drug naftifine hydrochloride contain 50% alcohol as cosolvent. Repeated exposure to alcohol could be detrimental to skin. The aim of this study is to develop an alcohol-free niosome gel containing 1% naftifine hydrochloride.

Comparative bioavailability of norfloxacin tablets based on blood and urine data.

Objective: To assess the bioavailability of norfloxacin from urinary excretion relative to plasma concentration.

Materials And Methods: Twelve healthy volunteers (22-33 years) participated in the study. Each received a previously developed (M), a local (L) and a multinational (Noroxin) tablet (Ref), 400 mg each, according to a random balanced three-way crossover design on 3 different days.

PG-liposomes: novel lipid vesicles for skin delivery of drugs.

A novel type of lipid vesicles, propylene glycol-embodying liposomes or PG-liposomes, composed of phospholipid, propylene glycol and water, is introduced. The new lipid vesicles were developed and investigated as carriers for skin delivery of the model drug, cinchocaine base. PG-liposomes showed high entrapment efficiency and were stable for at least one month of storage at 5 +/- 1 degree C.

Alendronate PLGA microspheres with high loading efficiency for dental applications.

Purpose: Alendronate sodium, used systemically as a bone protective agent, proved to also be effective locally in various dental bone applications. Development of alendronate-loaded microspheres with high loading efficiency for such applications would be greatly challenged by the hydrophilicity and low MW of the drug. The aim of this study was to incorporate alendronate sodium, into poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres (MS) with high loading efficiency.

Lipid vesicles for skin delivery of drugs: reviewing three decades of research.

Since liposomes were first shown to be of potential value for topical therapy by Mezei and Gulasekharam in 1980, studies continued towards further investigation and development of lipid vesicles as carriers for skin delivery of drugs. Despite this long history of intensive research, lipid vesicles are still considered as a controversial class of dermal and transdermal carriers. Accordingly, this article provides an overview of the development of lipid vesicles for skin delivery of drugs, with special emphasis on recent advances in this field, including the development of deformable liposomes and ethosomes.

Deformable liposomes and ethosomes: mechanism of enhanced skin delivery.

Despite intensive research, the mechanisms by which vesicular systems deliver drugs into intact skin are not yet fully understood. In the current study, possible mechanisms by which deformable liposomes and ethosomes improve skin delivery of ketotifen under non-occlusive conditions were investigated. In vitro permeation and skin deposition behavior of deformable liposomes and ethosomes, having ketotifen both inside and outside the vesicles (no separation of free ketotifen), having ketotifen only inside the vesicles (free ketotifen separated) and having ketotifen only outside the vesicles (ketotifen solution added to empty vesicles), was studied using rabbit pinna skin.