Artificial Intelligence for Adenoma and Polyp Detection During Screening and Surveillance Colonoscopy: A Randomized-Controlled Trial.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in Kuwait. The effectiveness of colonoscopy in preventing CRC is dependent on a high adenoma detection rate (ADR). Computer-aided detection can identify (CADe) and characterize polyps in real time and differentiate benign from neoplastic polyps, but its role remains unclear in screening colonoscopy.

Changes in physiological signal entropy in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: a systematic review.

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) affects an estimated 936 million people worldwide, yet only 15% receive a definitive diagnosis. Diagnosis of OSA poses challenges due to the dynamic nature of physiological signals such as oxygen saturation (SpO) and heart rate variability (HRV). Linear analysis methods may not fully capture the irregularities present in these signals.

Dynamic and Seasonal Distribution of Enteric Viruses in Surface and Well Water in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia).

Enteric viruses are the major cause of gastroenteritis and enteric hepatitis worldwide, but in some areas like Saudi Arabia, little is known about their presence in water sources. The available information from clinical samples is not enough to figure out their actual prevalence. The aim of this study was to gather information for the first time in Saudi Arabia on the presence of the Norovirus (NoV) genogroup GI and GII, hepatitis A virus (HAV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in water.

Early mobilization of mechanically ventilated ICU patients in Saudi Arabia: Results of an ICU-wide national survey.

Background: Improved outcomes for patients on mechanical ventilation may be achieved with early mobilization (EM). However, it is not clear how widely this strategy is adopted into routine intensive care unit (ICU) practice in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: This study was conducted to describe the present practices and challenges to providing EM for mechanically ventilated patients, which may drive dissemination and implementation activities.

Impact of laparoscopy on the perioperative outcomes of penetrating abdominal trauma.

Background: Penetrating abdominal trauma (PAT) poses a significant challenge to trauma surgeons. Laparotomy is still the most popular procedure for managing PAT but has high morbidity and mortality rates. Presently, laparoscopy aims to provide equal or superior visualization compared to open approaches but with less morbidity, postoperative discomfort, and recovery time.

The assessment of perioperative risk factors of anastomotic leakage after intestinal surgeries; a prospective study.

Background: Anastomotic leaks (AL) are among the most serious complications due to the substantial impact on the quality of life and mortality. Inspite of the advance in diagnostic tools such as laboratory tests and radiological adjuncts, only moderate improvement has been recorded in the rate of detected leaks. The purpose of the research was to assess the perioperative risk factors for AL.

Glass Wool Concentration Optimization for the Detection of Enveloped and Non-enveloped Waterborne Viruses.

An extremely affordable virus concentration method based on adsorption-elution to glass wool and subsequent reconcentration through polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) precipitation was optimized to recover not only non-enveloped viruses but also enveloped viruses. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) were employed as surrogates for naked and enveloped viruses, respectively, to set up the methodology. Initial experimentation in small-volume samples showed that both types of particles readily adsorbed to the positively charged glass wool but were poorly detached from it through standard elution with 0.