NMI, POLR3G and APIP are the key molecules connecting glaucoma with high intraocular pressure: a clue for early diagnostic biomarker candidates.

Aim: To understand the molecular connectivity between the intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma which will provide possible clues for biomarker candidates.

Methods: The current study uncovers the important genes connecting IOP with the core functional modules of glaucoma. An integrated analysis was performed using glaucoma and IOP microarray datasets to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both conditions.

Impact of Environmental Factors on Glaucoma Progression: A Systematic Review.

Background: Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible vision loss, is characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. Intraocular pressure (IOP) remains a well-established risk factor, but recent research suggests environmental and lifestyle factors may also play a role.

Objective: This review aimed to evaluate the current evidence on the impact of environmental factors on glaucoma progression.

Public Awareness Regarding the Differences Between Ophthalmologists and Optometrists Among Adults Living in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia.

Background Patients' knowledge of the differences between ophthalmologists and optometrists has been identified as a crucial factor influencing the choice of eye care services. This study aimed to assess the level of understanding of the differences between ophthalmologists and optometrists among the population in the Makkah province. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized an online questionnaire distributed to adults via social media platforms in the Makkah province, Saudi Arabia, from January to April 2023.

Adherence to Follow-Up and the Related Factors of Paediatric Glaucoma at a Tertiary Care Centre in Western Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Glaucoma is a main cause of blindness globally. In Saudi Arabia, congenital glaucoma is believed to affect 1 in every 2500 live births. In this study, we identified the adherence and evaluated the factors associated with non-compliance (non-adherence) to recommended follow-up appointments at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, a tertiary centre in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Pediatric optic nerve and globe measurements on magnetic resonance imaging: establishing norms for children.

Background: Normal optic nerve diameter (OND) and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) may be beneficial for describing optic nerve pathway abnormality reflecting increased intracranial pressure. Nonetheless, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurement of the normal ONSD range and its associations with clinical factors and eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) are not well established in children.

Purpose: To establish normal OND, ONSD, ETD, and OND/ONSD and ONSD/ETD measurements in children and their associations with age and sex.

The Impact of Systemic Health Parameters on Intraocular Pressure in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia.

Background A normal intraocular pressure (IOP) is essential for maintaining the normal structure and function of the eyes. Furthermore, an elevated IOP is a known risk factor for glaucoma. As the results from studies addressing the relationship between IOP and systemic health parameters are conflicting, researchers have not reached a consensus.

Dental Practitioners' Knowledge, Attitude and Practices for Mouthwash Use Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: COVID-19 created a peculiar situation worldwide, thus altering the fundamental dynamics of clinical dentistry. This KAP survey was carried out to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices among dental practitioners regarding the use of mouthwashes and emphasize on pre-procedural utilization of mouthwashes.

Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted during 1st to 15th July 2020, among working dental practitioners across the globe.

Effect of Intranasal Corticosteroids on Intraocular Pressure and Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Saudi Arabia.

Background Rhinitis represents a global health problem, affecting 10%-20% of the population in Saudi Arabia. Topical intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) are widely used by otolaryngologists to treat patients with rhinitis for long periods. Although the effects of orally administered corticosteroids on intraocular pressure (IOP) and lens opacity are well established, the impact of INCS is not well defined.

Surgical Outcomes in Children With Primary Congenital Glaucoma: An Eight-Year Experience.

Background Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a congenital anomaly arising from an unusual development of the filtration angle, causing a remarkable rise in intraocular pressure (IOP) that is irrelevant to other ocular or systemic deformities. Purpose The aim of the current study was to evaluate the surgical outcome in PCG patients between 2011 and February 2019. Methods This was a retrospective study of PCG patients who underwent trabeculotomy, trabeculectomy, deep sclerectomy, Ahmed valve, and/or cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) at a tertiary hospital.

Prevalence of Glaucoma in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

To determine the prevalence of glaucoma in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients and compare it with that of patients without OSA. Patients investigated for OSA using polysomnography at the sleep center of King Abdulaziz University Hospital were invited to participate in this cross-sectional case series study. American Academy of Sleep Medicine guidelines were used to diagnose OSA.

Five-year incidence of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy and association with in vitro proliferation of lens epithelial cells from individual specimens: a case control study.

Background: The aims of this study were to determine the 5-year incidence of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) requiring Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in a representative mixed cohort of cataract patients, to determine risk factors for PCO and to investigate possible association with growth of human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) in vitro.

Methods: Pieces of the anterior lens capsule and adhering HLEC were obtained at cataract surgery and cultured individually. After one and two weeks respectively, cultured cells were stained with carboxy-fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFDA SE), after which image processing software was used to determine the area of the confluent cell layer.