Combustion control of DME HCCI using charge dilution and spark assistance.

To realize the potential of DME for clean combustion, fueling control is essential. In this research, the challenges, advantages, and applicability of high-pressure direct injection and low-pressure port injection are reviewed and evaluated, especially in relevance to HCCI combustion. In this study, emphasis is given to the applicable ranges of low-pressure fuel delivery in relevance to load, air-fuel ratio, and inert gas dilution, for realizing HCCI combustion.

Emerging trends and insights in acute flaccid myelitis: a comprehensive review of neurologic manifestations.

Acute Flaccid Myelitis (AFM) is a neurological condition in the anterior portion of the spinal cord and can be characterised as paraplegia (paralysis of the lower limbs), and cranial nerve dysfunction. These lesions are caused by the infection due to (; a member of the (EV) family belongs to the Enterovirus species within the family and a Polio-like virus. In many cases, the facial, axial, bulbar, respiratory, and extraocular muscles were affected, hence reducing the overall quality of the patient's life.

Stratified assessment of an FDA-cleared deep learning algorithm for automated detection and contouring of metastatic brain tumors in stereotactic radiosurgery.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence-based tools can be leveraged to improve detection and segmentation of brain metastases for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). VBrain by Vysioneer Inc. is a deep learning algorithm with recent FDA clearance to assist in brain tumor contouring.

Intracranial Control With Combination BRAF and MEK Inhibitor Therapy in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma.

Purpose/Objectives Combination BRAF (vemurafenib, dabrafenib, or encorafenib) plus MEK (trametinib, cobimetinib, or binimetinib) inhibitor therapy is now widely used in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. However, data for intracranial response to these drugs are limited. We aimed to evaluate the intracranial efficacy of BRAF plus MEK inhibitors in patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma with brain metastases (BM) and to determine patterns of failure of these new agents to inform optimal integration of local intracranial therapy.

Topical Advances in Mucoadhesive Ocular Drug Delivery System.

The current article mainly highlights mucoadhesive drug delivery with merits like the prolonged holding time at the action site and also provides a controlled rate of drug release for improved therapeutic outcomes. Moreover, mucosal delivery can eliminate problems of the conventional oral route, such as first pass metabolism as well as acid degradation. However, the eye has unique anatomy and physiology that can cause hindrance and challenges in comparison to the other organs of the body.

Radiation Oncology Virtual Education Rotation (ROVER) 2.0 for Residents: Implementation and Outcomes.

The COVID-19 pandemic catalyzed the integration of a virtual education curriculum to support radiation oncologists in training. We report outcomes from Radiation Oncology Virtual Education Rotation (ROVER) 2.0, a supplementary virtual educational curriculum created for radiation oncology residents globally.

Rectosigmoid Cancer-Rectal Cancer or Sigmoid Cancer?

Objectives: We aimed to determine the optimal treatment for patients with locally advanced rectosigmoid cancers, and to determine whether this can be guided by distance from anal verge (AV) and/or anatomic landmarks such as the sacral promontory and peritoneal reflection (PR).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with T3-T4 and/or node-positive rectosigmoid cancers who underwent surgery from 2006 to 2018 with available pelvic imaging. We included tumors at 9 to 20 cm from the AV on either staging imaging, or colonoscopy.

'Convalescent Plasma'- An Effective Treatment Option to Prevent Emerging nCOVID-19- A Review.

To date, no accepted therapy exists for treating the emerging infectious disease nCOVID-19 in a safe and effective way. Although various treatment options are under in the developing phase around the world, several studies concerning convalescent plasma (CP) from recovered patients reported promising effects against nCOVID-19 infected critically ill patients nowadays. The therapy showed very few adverse effects, and it helps diminish the viral load when administered at an early stage of infection.

Global Comprehensive Outlook of Hantavirus Contagion on Humans: A Review.

Hantaviruses are rodent viruses that have been identified as etiologic agents of 2 diseases in humans: Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) and Nephropathiaepidemica (NE) in the Old World and Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) in the New World. Orthohantavirus is a genus of single-stranded, enveloped, negative-sense RNA viruses in the family Hantaviridae of the order Bunyavirales. The important reservoir of Hantaviruses is rodents.

Local Recurrence Outcomes of Colorectal Cancer Oligometastases Treated With Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report local failure (LF) outcomes and associated predictors in patients with oligometastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with CRC metastases to the brain, liver, spine, or lung treated with SABR between 2001 and 2016. Time to LF was summarized using cumulative incidence of LF curves with death as a competing risk.

#TrendingNow: Instagram Versus Twitter Activity Among Radiation Oncology Patients and Professionals.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate recent Instagram and Twitter posts to identify the primary disseminators of information related to radiation therapy on social media (health care professionals vs patients), to characterize their influencer status, and to characterize the content of this information.

Methods And Materials: Using 2 commercial hashtag analytics platforms, 1000 of the most recent eligible posts from each platform were evaluated for content, tone, and engagement, as well as user (poster) characteristics. Inclusion criteria were as follows: unique posts, written in English, relevant to human cancer treatment, and containing 1 of 11 predetermined hashtags (#radiation, #radiotherapy, #radiationtherapy, #radiationoncology, #radonc, #radiationtherapist #radiationtreatment, #medphys, #cyberknife, #radiosurgery, #protontherapy).

Targeted Drug Delivery: Trends and Perspectives.

Background: Having various limitations in conventional drug delivery system, it is important to focus on the target-specific drug delivery system where we can deliver the drug without any degradation. Among various challenges that are thrown to a formulation scientist, delivering the drug to its right site, in its right dose, is also an important aim. A focused drug transport aims to extend, localize, target and have a safe drug interaction with the diseased tissue.

Financial Toxicity in Patients with Brain and Spine Metastases.

Objective: Financial toxicity associated with cancer treatment has a deleterious impact on patient outcomes but has not been well characterized among patients with metastatic cancers. We characterize the extent of financial toxicity among this population and identify factors associated with financial toxicity.

Methods: We prospectively surveyed adult patients with brain and spine metastases who received radiosurgery at a large academic medical center between January 2018 and December 2019.

Radiation Oncology Virtual Education Rotation (ROVER) for Medical Students.

Purpose: We describe the implementation of a novel virtual educational program for medical students, Radiation Oncology Virtual Education Rotation (ROVER), and its effect on student interest and knowledge in radiation oncology.

Methods And Materials: ROVER comprised a series of virtual educational panels with case-based discussions across disease sites tailored to medical students. The panels were moderated by radiation oncology residents and included faculty panelists from academic radiation oncology programs across the country.

Networking and Applying to Radiation Oncology During A Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey of Medical Student Concerns.

Purpose: We assessed the effectiveness of a virtual networking session tailored for third- and fourth-year medical students interested in radiation oncology, and report students' concerns about applying to radiation oncology during the pandemic.

Methods And Materials: A multi-institutional networking session was hosted on Zoom and included medical students, faculty, and residents from across the country. The breakout room feature was used to divide participants into smaller groups.

Stability Issues, Probable Approaches for Stabilization and Associated Patents in the Pharmaceutical Field for Oleosome, A Novel Carrier for Drug Delivery.

Oleosomes are oil-containing micro-carriers of natural origin that are comprised of special oleosin proteins embedded with a monolayer of phospholipids having a triacylglycerol core. Due to their unique structure and non-toxicity in the biological system, these oil carriers are becoming very eye-catching for formulation development in the field of pharmacy. Consequently, oleosome offers emoliency, occlusivity, self-emulsification, anti-oxidant, and film-forming properties, which leads to controlled and sustained release of encapsulated bio-actives.

A Review of Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma is an aggressive and inevitably recurrent primary intra-axial brain tumor with a dismal prognosis. The current mainstay of treatment involves maximally safe surgical resection followed by radiotherapy over a 6-week period with concomitant temozolomide chemotherapy followed by temozolomide maintenance. This review provides a summary of the epidemiological, clinical, histologic and genetic characteristics of newly diagnosed disease as well as the current standard of care and potential future therapeutic prospects.

Withdrawal Notice: Mortality, prevalence, and possible therapeutics to treat diabetic patients infected with nCOVID-19.

Unlabelled: The article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal Current Diabetes Reviews, due to incoherent content. Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused. The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.

Impact of proton radiotherapy on treatment timing in pediatric and adult patients with CNS tumors.

Background: Despite putative benefits associated with proton radiotherapy in the setting of CNS tumors, numerous barriers limit treatment accessibility. Given these challenges, we explored the association of proton use with variations in treatment timing.

Methods: Pediatric and adult patients with histologically confirmed CNS tumors were identified from the National Cancer Database (2004-2015).

A Systemic Review on Topical Marketed Formulations, Natural Products, and Oral Supplements to Prevent Androgenic Alopecia: A Review.

Androgens have an intense consequence on the human scalp and body hair. Scalp hair sprouts fundamentally in awol of androgens whereas the body hair hike is vulnerable to the activity of androgens. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) invoked as males emulate Alopecia due to the cause of the dynamic reduction of scalp hair.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery After Resection of Brain Metastases: Changing Patterns of Care in the United States.

Objective: Management of symptomatic brain metastases often includes surgical resection with postoperative radiotherapy. Postoperative whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) improves intracranial control but detrimentally impacts quality of life and neurocognition. We sought to characterize the use in the United States of postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), an evolving standard-of-care associated with reduced cognitive effects.

Virtual Radiation Oncology Clerkship During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond.

Purpose: We evaluated the impact of a virtual radiation oncology clerkship.

Methods And Materials: We developed a 2-week virtual radiation oncology clerkship that launched on April 27, 2020. Clerkship components included a virtual clinic with radiation oncology faculty and residents, didactic lectures, student talks, and supplemental sessions such as tumor boards and chart rounds.

Continuing Medical Student Education During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: Development of a Virtual Radiation Oncology Clerkship.

Purpose: Our institution cancelled all in-person clerkships owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. In response, we designed a virtual radiation oncology medical student clerkship.

Methods And Materials: We convened an advisory panel to design a virtual clerkship curriculum.