Ophthalmological injuries associated with fractures of the orbitozygomaticomaxillary complex.

Our aim was to evaluate ophthalmological injuries associated with fractures of the orbitozygomaticomaxillary complex that required operative treatment, and we collected data retrospectively over a period of five years (2012-2016 inclusive). Of the 190 patients, 162 were male with a median age of 31 (IQR 25 -39) years. Assault was the most common mechanism of injury (125/190, 66%).

Markers of hydration status in a 3-day trail running event.

Objective: To examine the relationships between changes in static prestage and poststage measures of commonly used hematological and urinary markers of hydration status and body mass (BM) in participants in a 3-day trail run.

Design: Descriptive field study.

Setting: Three Cranes Challenge trail run, South Africa.

Intestinal temperature, heart rate, and hydration status in multiday trail runners.

Objective: To assess heart rate (HR), intestinal body temperature (T(intest)), and hydration status changes and relationships in 12 participants in a 3-day trail run.

Design: Descriptive field study.

Setting: : Three Cranes Challenge trail run, in Karkloof, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.