RBE-based dose planning, and calculation of TCP and NTCP with gold nanoparticles for intermediate photon energy in pancreatic cancer.

This study simulated the potential of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to improve the effectiveness of radiation therapy in pancreatic cancer cases. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of GNPs on tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) in pancreatic cancer cases undergoing radiation therapy. The work aimed to compare treatment plans generated with a novel 2.

Historical Progress of Stereotactic Radiation Surgery.

Radiosurgery and stereotactic radiotherapy have established themselves as precise and accurate areas of radiation oncology for the treatment of brain and extracranial lesions. Along with the evolution of other methods of radiotherapy, this type of treatment has been associated with significant advances in terms of a variety of modalities and techniques to improve the accuracy and efficacy of treatment. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the progress in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) over several decades, and includes a review of various articles and research papers, commencing with the emergence of stereotactic techniques in radiotherapy.

Treatment planning with a 2.5 MV photon beam for radiation therapy.

Purpose: The shallow depth of maximum dose and higher dose fall-off gradient of a 2.5 MV beam along the central axis that is available for imaging on linear accelerators is investigated for treatment of shallow tumors and sparing the organs at risk (OARs) beyond it. In addition, the 2.

Neutron and photon out-of-field doses at cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) depths.

The accuracy of an out-of-field dose from an Elekta Synergy accelerator calculated using the X-ray Voxel Monte Carlo (XVMC) dose algorithm in the Monaco treatment planning system (TPS) for both low-energy (6 MV) and high-energy (15 MV) photons at cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) depths was investigated through a comparison between MCNPX simulated out-of-field doses and measured out-of-field doses using three high spatial and sensitive active detectors. In addition, total neutron equivalent dose and fluence at CIED depths of a 15-MV dose from an Elekta Synergy accelerator were calculated, and the corresponding CIED relative neutron damage was quantified. The results showed that for 6-MV photons, the XVMC dose algorithm in Monaco underestimated out-of-field doses in all off-axis distances (average errors: -17% at distances X < 10 cm from the field edge and -31% at distances between 10 < X ≤ 16 cm from the field edge), with an increasing magnitude of underestimation for high-energy (15 MV) photons (up to 11%).

Optimization of low-energy electron beam production for superficial cancer treatments by Monte Carlo code.

Context: Low energy electron beam has been being used widely for superficial cancer treatments. In the current study a design for production of very low energy electron beam, by different thickness of Perspex spoilers, is presented that may be used for skin cancer.

Aims: MCNPX Monte Carlo code was used for modeling and simulations in the current study.

Charged particle radiobiology beamline using tandem accelerator-based MeV protons and carbon ions: a pilot study on the track-end radiation quality, variable biological effectiveness and Bayesian beam dosimetry.

For in vitro cell irradiation using tandem accelerator-based MeV protons and carbon ions, by TOPAS simulation, a pilot study of performance evaluation is presented on a collimation beamline for 3 MeV protons and 10 MeV carbon ions from a 2  ×  3 MV tandem accelerator. Based on the elements and source parameters, a collimated beam of 2.8 MeV protons or 2.

Tabulated square-shaped source model for linear accelerator electron beam simulation.

Context: Using this source model, the Monte Carlo (MC) computation becomes much faster for electron beams.

Aims: The aim of this study was to present a source model that makes linear accelerator (LINAC) electron beam geometry simulation less complex.

Settings And Design: In this study, a tabulated square-shaped source with transversal and axial distribution biasing and semi-Gaussian spectrum was investigated.

Simultaneous production of mixed electron--photon beam in a medical LINAC: A feasibility study.

Purpose: The electron or photon beams might be used for treatment of tumors. Each beam has its own advantage and disadvantages. Combo beam can increase the advantages.

X-ray dose estimation from cathode ray tube monitors by Monte Carlo calculation.

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitors are associated with the possible emission of bremsstrahlung radiation produced by electrons striking the monitor screen. Because of the low dose rate, accurate dosimetry is difficult. In this study, the dose equivalent (DE) and effective dose (ED) to an operator working in front of the monitor have been calculated using the Monte Carlo (MC) method by employing the MCNP code.

Magnetic resonance imaging-based target volume delineation in radiation therapy treatment planning for brain tumors using localized region-based active contour.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical application of a robust semiautomatic image segmentation method to determine the brain target volumes in radiation therapy treatment planning.

Methods And Materials: A local robust region-based algorithm was used on MRI brain images to study the clinical target volume (CTV) of several patients. First, 3 oncologists delineated CTVs of 10 patients manually, and the process time for each patient was calculated.