SARS-CoV-2 Nsp14 binds Tollip and activates pro-inflammatory pathways while downregulating interferon-α and interferon-γ receptors.

Unlabelled: SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) non-structural protein 14 (Nsp14) possesses an N-terminal exonuclease (ExoN) domain that provides a proofreading function for the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and a C-terminal N7-methyltransferase (N7-MTase) domain that methylates viral mRNA caps. Nsp14 also modulates host functions. This includes the activation of NF-κB and downregulation of interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 (IFNAR1).

Green synthesis and multifunctional properties of Cu/NiO nanocomposites using Commelina benghalensis leaf extract.

This study presents the green synthesis and multifunctional properties of Cu/NiO nanocomposites (NCs) fabricated with varying ratios (90:10, 80:20, and 70:30) using Commelina benghalensis leaf extract. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the NCs, revealing crystallite sizes of 13.62, 13.

Investigation of the efficacy of Zn/Ce-CuO nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities.

The world is dealing with unprecedented environmental challenges, leading to a growing urgency to limit environmental damage. So, this study focuses on the synthesis of pure CuO, Zn, Ce, and Zn/Ce dual-doped CuO nanoparticles (NPs) using extract of Citrus limon leaves as reductant via simple co-precipitation method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization was employed to analyze structural characteristics of synthesized samples which confirm influence of Zn or Ce doping on crystallite size, dislocation density, and strain.

Single-cell image-based genetic screens systematically identify regulators of Ebola virus subcellular infection dynamics.

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a high-consequence filovirus that gives rise to frequent epidemics with high case fatality rates and few therapeutic options. Here, we applied image-based screening of a genome-wide CRISPR library to systematically identify host cell regulators of Ebola virus infection in 39,085,093 million single cells. Measuring viral RNA and protein levels together with their localization in cells identified over 998 related host factors and provided detailed information about the role of each gene across the virus replication cycle.

Membrane mimetic-dependence of GPCR energy landscapes.

We leveraged variable-temperature F-NMR spectroscopy to compare the conformational equilibria of the human A adenosine receptor (AAR), a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), across a range of temperatures ranging from lower temperatures typically employed in F-NMR experiments to physiological temperature. AAR complexes with partial agonists and full agonists showed large increases in the population of a fully active conformation with increasing temperature. NMR data measured at physiological temperature were more in line with functional data.

A protein-proximity screen reveals Ebola virus co-opts the mRNA decapping complex through the scaffold protein EDC4.

The interaction of host and Ebola virus (EBOV) proteins is required for establishing infection of the cell. To identify protein binding partners, a proximity-dependent protein interaction screen was performed for six EBOV proteins. Hits were computationally mapped onto a human protein-protein interactome and then annotated with viral proteins to reveal known and previously undescribed EBOV-host protein interactions and processes.

A critical review on the recent trends of photocatalytic, antibacterial, antioxidant and nanohybrid applications of anatase and rutile TiO2 nanoparticles.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) have become a focal point of research due to their widespread daily use and diverse synthesis methods, including physical, chemical, and environmentally sustainable approaches. These nanoparticles possess unique attributes such as size, shape, and surface functionality, making them particularly intriguing for applications in the biomedical field. The continuous exploration of TiO NPs is driven by the quest to enhance their multifunctionality, aiming to create next-generation products with superior performance.

Single-molecule visualization of human A adenosine receptor activation by a G protein and constitutively activating mutations.

Mutations that constitutively activate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), known as constitutively activating mutations (CAMs), modify cell signaling and interfere with drugs, resulting in diseases with limited treatment options. We utilize fluorescence imaging at the single-molecule level to visualize the dynamic process of CAM-mediated activation of the human A adenosine receptor (AAR) in real time. We observe an active-state population for all CAMs without agonist stimulation.

Membrane Mimetic-Dependence of GPCR Energy Landscapes.

Protein function strongly depends on temperature, which is related to temperature-dependent changes in the equilibria of protein conformational states. We leveraged variable-temperature F-NMR spectroscopy to interrogate the temperature dependence of the conformational landscape of the human A adenosine receptor (AAR), a class A GPCR. Temperature-induced changes in the conformational equilibria of AAR in lipid nanodiscs were markedly dependent on the efficacy of bound drugs.

Biomass waste-derived carbon materials for sustainable remediation of polluted environment: A comprehensive review.

In response to the growing global concern over environmental pollution, the exploration of sustainable and eco-friendly materials derived from biomass waste has gained significant traction. This comprehensive review seeks to provide a holistic perspective on the utilization of biomass waste as a renewable carbon source, offering insights into the production of environmentally benign and cost-effective carbon-based materials. These materials, including biochar, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, have shown immense promise in the remediation of polluted soils, industrial wastewater, and contaminated groundwater.

Illuminating GPCR signaling mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy with stable-isotope labeled receptors.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) exhibit remarkable structural plasticity, which underlies their capacity to recognize a wide range of extracellular molecules and interact with intracellular partner proteins. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is uniquely well-suited to investigate GPCR structural plasticity, enabled by stable-isotope "probes" incorporated into receptors that inform on structure and dynamics. Progress with stable-isotope labeling methods in Eukaryotic expression systems has enabled production of native or nearly-native human receptors with varied and complementary distributions of NMR probes.

Removal of organic dyes and free radical assay by encapsulating polyvinylpyrrolidone and Tinospora Cordifolia in dual (Co-Cu) doped TiO nanoparticles.

Aquatic pollution refers to any water that has been used and discarded in different water bodies by industrial and commercial activities which contains a wide range of toxic substances and required treatment so that water can be safely reused for various purposes. In present paper, polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and plant Tinospora Cordifolia (T. Cordifolia) encapsulated dual doped cobalt-copper titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Co-Cu TNPs) has been synthesized via microwave-assisted method for the degradation aquatic pollutant dyes: Methyl Orange (MO) & Methylene Blue (MB).

Dual mechanisms of cholesterol-GPCR interactions that depend on membrane phospholipid composition.

Cholesterol is a critical component of mammalian cell membranes and an allosteric modulator of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), but divergent views exist on the mechanisms by which cholesterol influences receptor functions. Leveraging the benefits of lipid nanodiscs, i.e.

Anionic phospholipids control mechanisms of GPCR-G protein recognition.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are embedded in phospholipids that strongly influence drug-stimulated signaling. Anionic lipids are particularly important for GPCR signaling complex formation, but a mechanism for this role is not understood. Using NMR spectroscopy, we explore the impact of anionic lipids on the function-related conformational equilibria of the human A adenosine receptor (AAR) in bilayers containing defined mixtures of zwitterionic and anionic phospholipids.

Anionic Phospholipids Control Mechanisms of GPCR-G Protein Recognition.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are embedded in phospholipids that strongly influence drug-stimulated signaling. Anionic lipids are particularly important for GPCR signaling complex formation, but a mechanism for this role is not understood. Using NMR spectroscopy, we visualized the impact of anionic lipids on the function-related conformational equilibria of the human A adenosine receptor (A AR) in bilayers containing defined mixtures of zwitterionic and anionic phospholipids.

Global insights into the fine tuning of human AAR conformational dynamics in a ternary complex with an engineered G protein viewed by NMR.

G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) conformational plasticity enables formation of ternary signaling complexes with intracellular proteins in response to binding extracellular ligands. We investigate the dynamic process of GPCR complex formation in solution with the human A adenosine receptor (AAR) and an engineered G protein, mini-G. 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data with uniform stable isotope-labeled AAR enabled a global comparison of AAR conformations between complexes with an agonist and mini-G and with an agonist alone.

A comparative study of interfacial environments in lipid nanodiscs and vesicles.

Membrane protein conformations and dynamics are driven by the protein-lipid interactions occurring within the local environment of the membrane. These environments remain challenging to accurately capture in structural and biophysical experiments using bilayers. Consequently, there is an increasing need for realistic cell-membrane mimetics for studies.

Production of human AAR in lipid nanodiscs for F-NMR and single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy.

We describe production of the human A adenosine receptor (AAR), a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for F-NMR and single-molecule fluorescence (SMF) spectroscopy. We explain in detail steps shared between the two sample preparation strategies, including expression and isolation of AAR and assembly of AAR in lipid nanodiscs and procedures for incorporation of either F-NMR or fluorescence probes. Protocols for SMF experiments include sample setup, data acquisition, data processing, and error analysis.

New Insights Into the Function of Flavohemoglobin in : Role as a NADPH-Dependent Disulfide Reductase and D-Lactate-Dependent Mycothione Reductase.

() produces an unconventional flavohemoglobin (FHb) that carries a FAD-binding site similar to D-lactate dehydrogenases (D-LDH) and oxidizes D-lactate into pyruvate. The molecular mechanism by which FHb functions in remains unknown. We discovered that the D-LDH-type FAD-binding site in FHb overlaps with another FAD-binding motif similar to thioredoxin reductases and reduces DTNB in the presence of NADPH similar to trxB of .

Slow conformational dynamics of the human A adenosine receptor are temporally ordered.

A more complete depiction of protein energy landscapes includes the identification of different function-related conformational states and the determination of the pathways connecting them. We used total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) imaging to investigate the conformational dynamics of the human A adenosine receptor (AAR), a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), at the single-molecule level. Slow, reversible conformational exchange was observed among three different fluorescence emission states populated for agonist-bound AAR.

Phytoantioxidant Functionalized Nanoparticles: A Green Approach to Combat Nanoparticle-Induced Oxidative Stress.

Nanotechnology is gaining significant attention, with numerous biomedical applications. Silver in wound dressings, copper oxide and silver in antibacterial preparations, and zinc oxide nanoparticles as a food and cosmetic ingredient are common examples. However, adverse effects of nanoparticles in humans and the environment from extended exposure at varied concentrations have yet to be established.

Nanotechnology Interventions in the Management of COVID-19: Prevention, Diagnosis and Virus-Like Particle Vaccines.

SARS-CoV-2 claimed numerous lives and put nations on high alert. The lack of antiviral medications and the small number of approved vaccines, as well as the recurrence of adverse effects, necessitates the development of novel treatment ways to combat COVID-19. In this context, using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, we gathered information about nanotechnology's involvement in the prevention, diagnosis and virus-like particle vaccine development.

Effect of natural radionuclide's in the environment along the Jwalamukhi thrust of Himachal Pradesh, North West Himalayas, India.

This research paper is devoted to measure the activity contents of natural radionuclide, like, radium (Ra), thorium (Th) and potassium (K) in the soil gathered along the Jwalamukhi thrust of Himachal Pradesh, North Western Himalayas, India. NaI(Tl) Scintillator detector was utilized for the estimation of activity content. The activity concentration of Ra, Th and K for some of the soil samples have been observed to be above the global normal mean values.

Effect of (Ag, Zn) co-doping on structural, optical and bactericidal properties of CuO nanoparticles synthesized by a microwave-assisted method.

A microwave assisted synthesis method has been used for the fabrication of pure and (Ag, Zn) co-doped copper oxide (CuAgZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) with different weight ratios of zinc (0.00, 0.02, 0.