Insights into the emergence and evolution of monkeypox virus: Historical perspectives, epidemiology, genetic diversity, transmission, and preventative measures.

In 2022, just before the COVID-19 pandemic ended, many countries noticed a viral monkeypox outbreak. Monkeypox virus, a zoonotic pathogen, causes a febrile illness in humans and resembles smallpox. Prevention strategies encompass vaccination, strict infection control measures, and avoiding contact with infected persons.

Prospects of liquid biopsy in the prognosis and clinical management of gastrointestinal cancers.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for one-fourth of the global cancer incidence and are incriminated to cause one-third of cancer-related deaths. GI cancer includes esophageal, gastric, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, mostly diagnosed at advanced stages due to a lack of accurate markers for early stages. The invasiveness of diagnostic methods like colonoscopy for solid biopsy reduces patient compliance as it cannot be frequently used to screen patients.

Diagnostic significance of dysregulated miRNAs in T-cell malignancies and their metabolic roles.

T-cell malignancy is a broad term used for a diverse group of disease subtypes representing dysfunctional malignant T cells transformed at various stages of their clonal evolution. Despite having similar clinical manifestations, these disease groups have different disease progressions and diagnostic parameters. The effective diagnosis and prognosis of such a diverse disease group demands testing of molecular entities that capture footprints of the disease physiology in its entirety.

Orchestral role of lipid metabolic reprogramming in T-cell malignancy.

The immune function of normal T cells partially depends on the maneuvering of lipid metabolism through various stages and subsets. Interestingly, T-cell malignancies also reprogram their lipid metabolism to fulfill bioenergetic demand for rapid division. The rewiring of lipid metabolism in T-cell malignancies not only provides survival benefits but also contributes to their stemness, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis.

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor sildenafil potentiates the antitumor activity of cisplatin by ROS-mediated apoptosis: a role of deregulated glucose metabolism.

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) has been recently identified to play a crucial role in the progression of many cancers. PDE5 promotes tumorigenesis by dysregulating various cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and invasion and migration. Interestingly, multiple studies have reported the promising chemosensitizing potential of PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil in breast, colon, prostate, glioma, and lung cancers.

" identification of ethoxy phthalimide pyrazole derivatives as IL-17A and IL-18 targeted gouty arthritis agents".

Two proinflammatory cytokines, IL17A and IL18, are observed to be elevated in the serum of gout patients and they play a crucial role in the development and worsening of inflammation, which has severe effects. In present study, we have combined molecular docking, molecular dynamics studies and MM-PBSA analysis to study the effectiveness of ethoxy phthalimide pyrazole derivatives (series 3a to 3e) as potential inhibitors against cytokines IL17A and IL18 as a druggable targets. The binding energy of the docked series ranges from -13.

Identification of 1, 2, 4-Triazine and Its Derivatives Against Lanosterol 14-Demethylase (CYP51) Property of Influence on the Development of New Antifungal Therapeutic Strategies.

This research aims to find out whether the 1, 2, 4-triazine and its derivatives have antifungal effects and can protect humans from infection with . Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation are widely used in modern drug design to target a particular protein with a ligand. We are interested in using molecular docking and molecular dynamics modeling to investigate the interaction between the derivatives of 1, 2, 4-triazine with enzyme Lanosterol 14-demethylase (CYP51) of .

Current Challenges for the Effective Management of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: Within a short period, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) spread all over the globe and became the first pandemic of the present century. Early diagnostic tools and effective drugs are urgently needed to effectively manage the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on current literature, we provide recent updates on SARS-CoV-2 biology, available diagnostic methods, and therapeutic options for the management of COVID-19 pandemic.

Interplay of Nutrition and Psychoneuroendocrineimmune Modulation: Relevance for COVID-19 in BRICS Nations.

The consequences of COVID-19 are not limited to physical health deterioration; the impact on neuropsychological well-being is also substantially reported. The inter-regulation of physical health and psychological well-being through the psychoneuroendocrineimmune (PNEI) axis has enduring consequences in susceptibility, treatment outcome as well as recuperation. The pandemic effects are upsetting the lifestyle, social interaction, and financial security; and also pose a threat through perceived fear.

Counteracting Action of Curcumin on High Glucose-Induced Chemoresistance in Hepatic Carcinoma Cells.

Along with direct anticancer activity, curcumin hinders the onset of chemoresistance. Among many, high glucose condition is a key driving factor for chemoresistance. However, the ability of curcumin remains unexplored against high glucose-induced chemoresistance.

Molecular docking and simulation studies of flavonoid compounds against PBP-2a of methicillin-resistant .

Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA), a pathogenic bacterium that causes life-threatening outbreaks such as community-onset and nosocomial infections as emerging 'superbug'. Time and motion study of its virulent property developed resistance against most of the antibiotics such as Vancomycin. Thereby, to curb this problem entails the development of new therapeutic agents.

Current understanding of the impact of COVID-19 on gastrointestinal disease: Challenges and openings.

The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus which belongs to the Coronaviridae family. In March 2019 the World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 was a pandemic. COVID-19 patients typically have a fever, dry cough, dyspnea, fatigue, and anosmia.

A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the fastest-growing fatal solid tumors across the world. The challenges with pancreatic cancer are delayed diagnosis and lack of effective treatment strategies. Pancreatic cancer is expected to become the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in high-income countries in the coming decade.

Dynamic Propagation and Impact of Pandemic Influenza A (2009 H1N1) in Children: A Detailed Review.

Influenza is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the circulating Swine flu virus. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the unique blending strain of influenza A H1N1 2009 (Swine Flu) is a pandemic affecting several geographical regions, including India. Previous literature indicates that children are "drivers" of influenza pandemics.

Curcumin, a traditional spice component, can hold the promise against COVID-19?

The severity of the recent pandemic and the absence of any specific medication impelled the identification of existing drugs with potential in the treatment of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Curcumin, known for its pharmacological abilities especially as an anti-inflammatory agent, can be hypothesized as a potential candidate in the therapeutic regimen. COVID-19 has an assorted range of pathophysiological consequences, including pulmonary damage, elevated inflammatory response, coagulopathy, and multi-organ damage.

Curcumin circumvent lactate-induced chemoresistance in hepatic cancer cells through modulation of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor-1.

Curcumin has been demonstrated to affect the chemoresistance in cancer cells of various origins. However, its ability to modulate lactate-induced chemoresistance remains unclear. The Present investigation demonstrates that curcumin inhibits the survival of HepG2 and HuT78 cells and can modulate chemo-susceptibility of HepG2 cells.

Myelopotentiating effect of curcumin in tumor-bearing host: role of bone marrow resident macrophages.

The present investigation was undertaken to study if curcumin, which is recognized for its potential as an antineoplastic and immunopotentiating agent, can also influence the process of myelopoiesis in a tumor-bearing host. Administration of curcumin to tumor-bearing host augmented count of bone marrow cell (BMC) accompanied by an up-regulated BMC survival and a declined induction of apoptosis. Curcumin administration modulated expression of cell survival regulatory molecules: Bcl2, p53, caspase-activated DNase (CAD) and p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) along with enhanced expression of genes of receptors for M-CSF and GM-CSF in BMC.

Hyperglycemia of tumor microenvironment modulates stage-dependent tumor progression and multidrug resistance: implication of cell survival regulatory molecules and altered glucose transport.

Using a murine tumor model, we demonstrate that tumor cells display a tumor stage-dependent differential glucose utilization associated with an altered GLUT-1 expression. Hyperglycemic tumor microenvironment modulates the tumorigenic ability, survival, apoptosis, and glucose utilization of tumor cells in late tumor-bearing stage accompanied by an altered tumor acidosis and expression of cell survival regulatory molecules: HIF-1α, p53, Bcl2, caspase-activated DNase, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TGF-β, and VEGF. Glucose-exposed tumor cells of late tumor-bearing stage also show a declined susceptibility to the cytotoxic action of chemotherapeutic drugs: cisplatin and methotrexate, accompanied by an increased expression of MDR-1 gene.

Gender-specific antitumor action of aspirin in a murine model of a T-cell lymphoma bearing host.

Aspirin is an anti-inflammatory drug demonstrated to possess a tremendous anticancer potential. As progression of some tumors is influenced by sex hormones, we investigated if the antineoplastic action of aspirin shows gender dependence. Using a murine model of T-cell lymphoma, the present investigation was undertaken to study if the antitumor actions of aspirin against lymphoma cells display gender dimorphism.

Augmentation of myelopoiesis in a murine host bearing a T cell lymphoma following in vivo administration of proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are being proposed as potent antitumor agents, owing to their ability to specifically induce tumor cell death by reversing H(+) ion homeostasis. As tumor growth induces myelosuppression in tumor-bearing hosts, it remains unclear if PPI can also modulate tumor-induced myelosuppression. Thus, we studied the effect of in vivo administration of pantoprazole (PPZ), a PPI, on myelopoiesis in a murine model of a transplantable T cell lymphoma, designated as Dalton's lymphoma (DL).

Anti-neoplastic action of aspirin against a T-cell lymphoma involves an alteration in the tumour microenvironment and regulation of tumour cell survival.

The present study explores the potential of the anti-neoplastic action of aspirin in a transplantable murine tumour model of a spontaneously originated T-cell lymphoma designated as Dalton's lymphoma. The antitumour action of aspirin administered to tumour-bearing mice through oral and/or intraperitoneal (intratumoral) routes was measured via estimation of survival of tumour-bearing mice, tumour cell viability, tumour progression and changes in the tumour microenvironment. Intratumour administration of aspirin examined to assess its therapeutic potential resulted in retardation of tumour progression in tumour-bearing mice.