Counteraction of unconjugated bilirubin against heme-induced toxicity in platelets.

Platelets are essential for normal hemostasis and thrombosis but become hyperactive in hemolytic disorders. Cell-free heme is known to be toxic to platelets and endothelial cells, playing a significant role in the progression of pathological complications in various hemolytic conditions. The abnormal activation of circulatory platelets results in micro/macrovascular thrombosis and clot formation in the lungs, worsening the disease.

Correction: Investigating the effect of acidic and basic precipitation on the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Correction for 'Investigating the effect of acidic and basic precipitation on the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria' by Sreekanth R. , , 2024, , 2180-2196, https://doi.org/10.

Non-criteria antiphospholipid antibodies and calprotectin as potential biomarkers in pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome.

Our study aimed to evaluate the presence, clinical associations, and potential mechanistic roles of non-criteria antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and circulating calprotectin, a highly stable marker of neutrophil extracellular trap release (NETosis), in pediatric APS patients. We found that 79% of pediatric APS patients had at least one non-criteria aPL at moderate-to-high titer. Univariate logistic regression demonstrated that positive anti-beta-2 glycoprotein I domain 1 (anti-D1) IgG (p = 0.

Low ectonucleotidase activity and increased neutrophil-platelet aggregates in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome.

Many patients with antiphospholipid syndrome had decreased ectonucleotidase activity on neutrophils and platelets, which enabled extracellular nucleotides to trigger neutrophil-platelet aggregates. This phenotype was replicated by treating healthy neutrophils and platelets with patient-derived antiphospholipid antibodies or ectonucleotidase inhibitors.

Inhibition of neutrophil extracellular trap formation alleviates vascular dysfunction in type 1 diabetic mice.

While neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have previously been linked to some diabetes-associated complications, such as dysfunctional wound healing, their potential role in diabetic vascular dysfunction has not been studied. Diabetic Akita mice were crossed with either or mice to generate NET-deficient diabetic mice. By 24 weeks of age, Akita aortae showed markedly impaired relaxation in response to acetylcholine, indicative of vascular dysfunction.

Platelet activation and ferroptosis mediated NETosis drives heme induced pulmonary thrombosis.

Cell-free heme (CFH) is a product of hemoglobin, myoglobin and hemoprotein degradation, which is a hallmark of pathologies associated with extensive hemolysis and tissue damage. CHF and iron collectively induce cytokine storm, lung injury, respiratory distress and infection susceptibility in the lungs suggesting their key role in the progression of lung disease pathology. We have previously demonstrated that heme-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces platelet activation and ferroptosis.

Small wonder: nanoparticles feed hydroxychloroquine to activated neutrophils.

Although neutrophils are vital components of the innate immune system, they can also contribute to the inflammation and autoantibody formation that characterize a number of rheumatic diseases. The ability to specifically target neutrophils, and in particular activated neutrophils, could enable the direct delivery of drugs for therapeutic modulation of neutrophil activity.

A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, single-dose comparative pharmacokinetic study of DRL_TZ, a candidate biosimilar of trastuzumab, with Herceptin (EU) in healthy adult males.

Background & Objectives: Trastuzumab (TZ) is a recombinant DNA-derived humanized monoclonal antibody approved for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive early breast cancer, metastatic breast and gastric cancers. For the development of TZ biosimilars, establishing pharmacokinetic equivalence is required. The primary objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics (PK) of Dr Reddy's Laboratories TZ (DRL_TZ) with that of EU-approved Reference Medicinal Product (RMP), Herceptin in healthy adult male subjects.

Machine learning-assisted ammonium detection using zinc oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite based impedance sensors.

We report a machine learning approach to accurately correlate the impedance variations in zinc oxide/multi walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite (F-MWCNT/ZnO-NFs) to NH ions concentrations. Impedance response of F-MWCNT/ZnO-NFs nanocomposites with varying ZnO:MWCNT compositions were evaluated for its sensitivity and selectivity to NH ions in the presence of structurally similar analytes. A decision-making model was built, trained and tested using important features of the impedance response of F-MWCNT/ZnO-NF to varying NH concentrations.

Genomic and antibody-based assays for the detection of Indian strains of nodavirus and extra small virus associated with white tail disease of .

White tail disease (WTD) of cultured is caused by nodavirus (NV) and extra small virus (XSV). Since both the viruses have small single strand RNA as genetic material with short generation time, they are more prone to mutations. Hence detection methods developed for one strain may be suboptimal for the detection of isolates from the different geographical locations.

Recombinant viral proteins delivered orally through inactivated bacterial cells induce protection in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) against White Tail Disease.

White tail disease (WTD) is a disease of Macrobrachium rosenbergii caused by Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and extra small virus (XSV) with the potential to devastate the aquaculture industry. The present study aimed to explore the possible protection of M. rosenbergii against the disease by oral administration of bacterially expressed recombinant capsid proteins of MrNV and XSV.

A Cerium Vanadate Nanozyme with Specific Superoxide Dismutase Activity Regulates Mitochondrial Function and ATP Synthesis in Neuronal Cells.

Nanoparticles that functionally mimic the activity of metal-containing enzymes (metallo-nanozymes) are of therapeutic importance for treating various diseases. However, it is still not clear whether such nanozymes can completely substitute the function of natural enzymes in living cells. In this work, we show for the first time that a cerium vanadate (CeVO ) nanozyme can substitute the function of superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 (SOD1 and SOD2) in the neuronal cells even when the natural enzyme is down-regulated by specific gene silencing.

Modulation of Redox Signaling and Thiol Homeostasis in Red Blood Cells by Peroxiredoxin Mimetics.

Red blood cell death or erythrocyte apoptosis (eryptosis) is generally mediated by oxidative stress, energy depletion, heavy metals exposure, or xenobiotics. As erythrocytes are a major target for oxidative stress due to their primary function as O-carrying cells, they possess an efficient antioxidant defense system consisting of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxiredoxin 2 (Prx2). The oxidative stress-mediated activation of the Ca-permeable cation channel results in Ca entry into the cells and subsequent cell death.

Transcriptome profiling of longissimus thoracis muscles identifies highly connected differentially expressed genes in meat type sheep of India.

This study describes the muscle transcriptome profile of Bandur breed, a consumer favoured, meat type sheep of India. The transcriptome was compared to the less desirable, unregistered local sheep population, in order to understand the molecular factors related to muscle traits in Indian sheep breeds. Bandur sheep have tender muscles and higher backfat thickness than local sheep.

Hemin-induced platelet activation and ferroptosis is mediated through ROS-driven proteasomal activity and inflammasome activation: Protection by Melatonin.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are capable of inducing cell death or apoptosis. Recently, we demonstrated that lipid-ROS can mediate ferroptosis and activation of human platelets. Ferroptosis is an intracellular iron-mediated cell death, distinct from classical apoptosis and necrosis, which is mediated through the accumulation of ROS, lipid peroxides and depletion of cellular GSH.

Para-tertiary butyl catechol (PTBC), an industrial antioxidant induces human platelet apoptosis.

The catecholic derivative para-tertiary butyl catechol (PTBC) is a conventional antioxidant and polymerization inhibitor, which exhibits melanocytotoxic effects and contact dermatitis often leading to occupational leucoderma or vitiligo. Although numerous industrial workers will be in constant exposure to PTBC and its chances of getting entry into blood are most expected, its effect on blood components is still undisclosed. As platelets play a prominent role in dermatitis, inflammation, and immunity, in this study we have evaluated the effect of PTBC on human platelets in vitro.

The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and Ferroptosis in Heme-Mediated Activation of Human Platelets.

Hemolysis, a process by which the destruction of red blood cells leads to the release of hemoglobin, is a critical event observed during hemolytic disorders. Under oxidative stress conditions, hemoglobin can release its heme prosthetic group, which is highly cytotoxic and can catalyze the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to several undesired redox reactions in the cells. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time that heme can mediate the activation and death of human platelets through ferroptosis, which is an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death.

Inhibition of Echis carinatus venom by DNA, a promising therapeutic molecule for snakebite management.

Background: E. carinatus bite is a serious threat to South-Asian countries including India, as it causes the highest number of deaths and debilitating sustained tissue necrosis at the bite site. One of our previous studies has demonstrated the strong interaction between DNA and E.

Novel oxolane derivative DMTD mitigates high glucose-induced erythrocyte apoptosis by regulating oxidative stress.

Chronic hyperglycemia is one of the characteristic conditions associated with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which often exerts deleterious effects on erythrocyte morphology and hemodynamic properties leading to anemia and diabetes-associated vascular complications. High glucose-induced over production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can alter the blood cell metabolism and biochemical functions subsequently causing eryptosis (red blood cell death), yet another complication of concern in DM. Therefore, blocking high glucose-induced oxidative damage and subsequent eryptosis is of high importance in the better management of DM and associated vascular complications.