Clip and Blue-An Easy and Cost-Effective Prechemotherapy Localization Technique in Patients With Breast Cancer Planned for Breast Conservation.

Purpose: Breast conservation after systemic therapy requires accurate localization of the lesion and its margins, especially in nonpalpable tumors. The present study aims to describe a cost-effective technique of tumor localization using the combination of surgical clips and methylene blue.

Methods: A minimum of three or four clips were inserted into the tumor to allow easy visualization of the clip mass.

Median and medial umbilical ligament repositioning for prevention of pelviperineal complications following abdominoperineal resection-a case series and novel technique.

Introduction: Pelviperineal complications after abdominoperineal resections are tough to treat. None of the available prophylactic methods has proven efficacy besides being technically challenging and expensive to perform. The present study aims to describe the technical details and short-term outcomes using mobilised umbilical ligaments to cover the pelvic inlet.

Novel Migraine Treatments: A Review.

To present a review of the mechanisms of action, available clinical data, and safety profiles of novel migraine therapeutics to inform practice. PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar were searched for randomized controlled trials (24 publications), review articles (15 publications), and other pertinent literature (16 publications) discussing the novel migraine therapeutics available between the years 2010 and 2021. All publications were reviewed to assess the mechanism of action, relevant clinical data, and side effect profile for each novel treatment.

Tracheo Esophageal Prosthesis Insertion Under Endoscopic Guidance and Local Anaesthesia- Feasibility and Outcome.

Objectives: Voice rehabilitation after laryngectomy is by tracheo esophageal puncture (TEP) and prosthesis insertion. Secondary TEP is very difficult due to neck fibrosis. Puncture under local anaesthesia with endoscopy guidance is a feasible option.

Symptomatic and restorative therapies in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a group of autoimmune inflammatory conditions that primarily target the optic nerves, spinal cord, brainstem, and occasionally the cerebrum. NMOSD is characterized by recurrent attacks of visual, motor, and/or sensory dysfunction that often result in severe neurological deficits. In recent years, there has been a significant progress in relapse treatment and prevention but the residual disability per attack remains high.

The influence of smoking on the pattern of disability and relapse risk in AQP4-positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder, MOG-Ab Disease and Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: the role of smoking on clinical outcomes of central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory disorders is unclear. To assess the effect of smoking on relapses and disability in neuromyelitis optica with aquaporin-4-antibodies (NMOSD-AQP4-Ab), Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-antibodies associated disease (MOGAD) and relapsing remitting Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients.

Methods: in a UK cohort of 101 NMOSD-AQP4-Ab, 70 MOGAD and 159 MS, and a Korean cohort of 97 NMOSD-AQ4-Ab, time to first relapse, annualised relapse rate, onset relapse severity and recovery, time to Expanded Disability Status Score(EDSS)/secondary progressive MS (SPMS) were compared between never-smokers and ever-smokers.

Confounders in the Interpretation of Paraneoplastic and Neuronal Autoantibody Panels.

The recent discovery of several neuronal autoantibodies linked to neurologic syndromes that are fully or partially responsive to immunosuppressive therapy has revolutionized neuroimmunology and expanded the scope of classical paraneoplastic and antibody-related syndromes. A great deal of understanding of the techniques of neuronal antibody testing, the sensitivity and specificity of serum and cerebrospinal fluid sampling, and the value of the specific type and titer of each antibody is imperative. This article provides an overview of neuronal antibody and paraneoplastic panel testing with emphasis on how to differentiate clinically relevant from clinically irrelevant results and the downstream implications of those results.

Confirming Diagnosis and Effective Treatment for Rare Epithelioid Glioblastoma Variant: An Integrated Survival Analysis of the Literature.

Background: Epithelioid glioblastoma (eGBM) is a very rare histologic variant of glioblastoma that has not been studied in isolation and, therefore, its optimal management has been largely assumed, but not confirmed. The aim of this study was to analyze all reported cases describing the presentation and clinical features to better understand the clinical significance of this histologic diagnosis.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted from 2005 to April 2019 identifying cases of eGBM that satisfied selection criteria for analysis.