Polymersomes with splenic avidity target red pulp myeloid cells for cancer immunotherapy.

Regulating innate immunity is an emerging approach to improve cancer immunotherapy. Such regulation requires engaging myeloid cells by delivering immunomodulatory compounds to hematopoietic organs, including the spleen. Here we present a polymersome-based nanocarrier with splenic avidity and propensity for red pulp myeloid cell uptake.

Improving Routine Zr-Immuno-PET Applications: Mild Iron Removal Can Favor the Use of Fe-DFO-N-suc-TFP Ester Over p-NCS-Bz-DFO.

A key aspect for the applicability of Zr-radioimmunoconjugates is inert modification and radiolabeling. The two commercially available bifunctional variants of the siderophore desferrioxamine (DFO), Fe-DFO-N-suc-TFP-ester and p-NCS-Bz-DFO, are most often used for clinical Zr-immuno-PET. The use of Fe-DFO-N-suc-TFP-ester is advantageous with regard to higher radiolysis stability and more facile assessment of radiochemical purity as well as chelator-to-mAb ratio.

Mass Spectrometry Reveals Molecular Effects of Citrulline Supplementation during Bone Fracture Healing in a Rat Model.

Bone fracture healing is a complex process in which specific molecular knowledge is still lacking. The citrulline-arginine-nitric oxide metabolism is one of the involved pathways, and its enrichment via citrulline supplementation can enhance fracture healing. This study investigated the molecular effects of citrulline supplementation during the different fracture healing phases in a rat model.

Uncovering atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by PET imaging.

Assessing atherosclerosis severity is essential for precise patient stratification. Specifically, there is a need to identify patients with residual inflammation because these patients remain at high risk of cardiovascular events despite optimal management of cardiovascular risk factors. Molecular imaging techniques, such as PET, can have an essential role in this context.

Lipid Analysis of Fracture Hematoma With MALDI-MSI: Specific Lipids are Associated to Bone Fracture Healing Over Time.

Fracture healing is a complex process, involving cell-cell interactions, various cytokines, and growth factors. Although fracture treatment improved over the last decades, a substantial part of all fractures shows delayed or absent healing. The fracture hematoma (fxh) is known to have a relevant role in this process, while the exact mechanisms by which it influences fracture healing are poorly understood.

Automated 3D Sampling and Imaging of Uneven Sample Surfaces with LA-REIMS.

The analysis of samples with large height variations remains a challenge for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), despite many technological advantages. Ambient sampling and ionization MS techniques allow for the molecular analysis of sample surfaces with height variations, but most techniques lack MSI capabilities. We developed a 3D MS scanner for the automated sampling and imaging of a 3D surface with laser-assisted rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (LA-REIMS).

Prosaposin mediates inflammation in atherosclerosis.

Macrophages play a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The inflammatory properties of these cells are dictated by their metabolism, of which the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is a key regulator. Using myeloid cell-specific nanobiologics in apolipoprotein E-deficient ( ) mice, we found that targeting the mTOR and ribosomal protein S6 kinase-1 (S6K1) signaling pathways rapidly diminished plaque macrophages' inflammatory activity.

A modular approach toward producing nanotherapeutics targeting the innate immune system.

Immunotherapies controlling the adaptive immune system are firmly established, but regulating the innate immune system remains much less explored. The intrinsic interactions between nanoparticles and phagocytic myeloid cells make these materials especially suited for engaging the innate immune system. However, developing nanotherapeutics is an elaborate process.

Trained Immunity-Promoting Nanobiologic Therapy Suppresses Tumor Growth and Potentiates Checkpoint Inhibition.

Trained immunity, a functional state of myeloid cells, has been proposed as a compelling immune-oncological target. Its efficient induction requires direct engagement of myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow. For this purpose, we developed a bone marrow-avid nanobiologic platform designed specifically to induce trained immunity.

Clinical Outcomes of Covid-19 in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: The COVID-19 risk and disease course in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients remains uncertain. Therefore, we aimed to assess the clinical presentation, disease course, and outcomes of COVID-19 in IBD patients. Second, we determined COVID-19 incidences in IBD patients and compared this with the general population.

Sample preparation of bone tissue for MALDI-MSI for forensic and (pre)clinical applications.

In the past decades, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) has been applied to a broad range of biological samples, e.g., forensics and preclinical samples.

Clinical use of mass spectrometry (imaging) for hard tissue analysis in abnormal fracture healing.

Common traumas to the skeletal system are bone fractures and injury-related articular cartilage damage. The healing process can be impaired resulting in non-unions in 5-10% of the bone fractures and in post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) in up to 75% of the cases of cartilage damage. Despite the amount of research performed in the areas of fracture healing and cartilage repair as well as non-unions and PTOA, still, the outcome of a bone fracture or articular cartilage damage cannot be predicted.

Proteomic identification of Axc, a novel beta-lactamase with carbapenemase activity in a meropenem-resistant clinical isolate of Achromobacter xylosoxidans.

The development of antibiotic resistance during treatment is a threat to patients and their environment. Insight in the mechanisms of resistance development is important for appropriate therapy and infection control. Here, we describe how through the application of mass spectrometry-based proteomics, a novel beta-lactamase Axc was identified as an indicator of acquired carbapenem resistance in a clinical isolate of Achromobacter xylosoxidans.

Defective recovery of QT dispersion following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: frequency, predictors and prognosis.

Background: Corrected QT dispersion (cQTD) has been correlated with non-uniform ventricular repolarisation and increased mortality. In patients with aortic stenosis, cQTD has been shown improved after surgical valve replacement, but the effects of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are unknown. Therefore, we sought to explore the frequency, predictors and prognostic effects of defective cQTD recovery at 6 months after TAVI.

Early and late optical coherence tomography findings following everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold implantation in myocardial infarction: a preliminary report.

Introduction: Although bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) have been used with promising results in patients with stable and unstable angina, little is known about the acute vascular response following BVS implantation in myocardial infarction. We present angiographic and OCT findings from the first patients undergoing bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) or ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in our institution.

Methods: The first 5 patients with NSTEMI and the first 5 patients with STEMI who underwent BVS implantation in our institution, followed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the treated culprit vessel, were included in this series.

[Telemedicine for patients with chronic intestinal failure].

Telemedicine is a valuable extension of the ways in which patients with chronic diseases can be contacted. Patients can easily contact their caregivers within the safe environment of the digital waiting room. Telemedicine especially offers an advantage for those forms of care where the visual aspect is important.

Is it cost-effective to use a test to decide which individuals with an intermediate cardiovascular disease risk would benefit from statin treatment?

Background: The 2012 European guidelines recommend statins for intermediate-risk individuals with elevated cholesterol levels. Improved discrimination of intermediate-risk individuals is needed to prevent both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and statin side-effects (e.g.

Impact of multiple balloon inflations during primary percutaneous coronary intervention on infarct size and long-term clinical outcomes in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: real-world postconditioning.

Interrupting myocardial reperfusion with intermittent episodes of ischemia (i.e., postconditioning) during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) has been suggested to protect myocardium in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffolds for treatment of patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: BVS STEMI first study.

Aims: We evaluated the feasibility and the acute performance of the everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) for the treatment of patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods And Results: The present investigation is a prospective, single-arm, single-centre study, reporting data after the BVS implantation in STEMI patients. Quantitative coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) data were evaluated.

Relation of admission glucose levels, short- and long-term (20-year) mortality after acute myocardial infarction.

We examined temporal trends in mortality after myocardial infarction from 1985 to 2008 depending on admission glucose levels. We included 11,324 consecutive patients admitted to our intensive coronary care unit for myocardial infarction from 1985 to 2008. Patients were categorized into normal, mild, and severe hyperglycemia groups (admission glucose levels <140, 140 to 200, and ≥200 mg/dl, respectively).

Decline in 20-year mortality after myocardial infarction in patients with chronic kidney disease: evolution from the prethrombolysis to the percutaneous coronary intervention era.

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here we measured temporal trends in treatment and mortality after myocardial infarction (MI) depending on kidney function at presentation in 12,087 patients admitted for MI to a coronary care unit from 1985 to 2008. The patients were categorized into those with normal kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate over 90 ml/min per 1.

Pacemaker dependency after transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the self-expanding Medtronic CoreValve System.

Background/objectives: To determine pacemaker (PM) dependency at follow-up visit in patients who underwent new permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Methods: Single center prospective observational study including 167 patients without previous PM implantation who underwent TAVI with the self-expanding Medtronic CoreValve System (MCS) between November 2005 and February 2011. PM dependency was defined by the presence of a high degree atrioventricular block (HDAVB; second [AV2] and third degree [AV3B]), or a slow (<30 bpm) or absent ventricular escape rhythm during follow-up PM interrogation.

Sex-related trends in mortality in hospitalized men and women after myocardial infarction between 1985 and 2008: equal benefit for women and men.

Background: We aimed to study sex-related differences in temporal trends in short- and long-term mortality from 1985 to 2008 in patients hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction.

Methods And Results: We included a total of 14 434 consecutive patients admitted to our intensive coronary care unit between 1985 and 2008 for myocardial infarction. A total of 4028 patients (28%) were women.