Publications by authors named "Nausheen Yaqoob"

Ovarian epithelial tumors are common in adults, and the median patient age at presentation is 55 years. In children, epithelial tumors are rare and mostly benign. Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is reported in only 11 cases less than 15 years old.

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Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) occurs in the setting of immunodeficiency, in association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, in elderly patients, and in the posttransplantation state. It is exceptionally rare in children. PBL is an aggressive lymphoma with a poor prognosis.

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Epidermoid cyst is a rare benign neoplasm of the ovary, lined by stratified squamous epithelium, lacking skin, adnexal structures, and other teratomatous elements. On the other hand, mucinous cystadenoma is one of the most common benign ovarian neoplasm that microscopically shows cystic areas lined by tall columnar mucinous epithelium. Although its coexistence with other tumours, such as mature cystic teratoma, squamous cell carcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma, Brenner's tumour, serous cystadenoma, etc.

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Objective:  To collect and analyse epidemiologic data of all malignancies by age group and gender for the Karachi population to estimate the cancer incidence of 5-years (2017-2021) and identify major risk factors for setting priorities towards cancer control programs.

Study Design: Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Karachi Cancer Registry (KCR) Secretariat, Pakistan Health Research Council (PHRC), JPMC, Karachi, from 2017-2021.

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Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is a neoplasm of the salivary gland that causes 3.6% of salivary gland tumours and 12% of salivary gland malignancies. It is a myoepithelial or epithelial neoplasm that arises from pleomorphic adenoma, whether primary or recurrent.

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Pilomatrix carcinoma is a rare, locally aggressive variant of pilomatrixoma with a high rate of recurrence and risk of distant metastasis. We report an unusual presentation of a pilomatrix carcinoma in a 4-year-old male child who presented with recurrent lesions on his left cheek. At the age of 1 month of life, he presented with a soft tissue swelling on his left cheek.

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Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is an infrequent inflammatory breast disease, which can simulate malignancy on the basis of clinical and imaging features. It is typically found in parous or lactating women. The differential diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis includes infections caused by bacterial, fungal or mycobacterial agents, and autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, giant cell vasculitis, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

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Lipomas are benign mesenchymal tumors that comprise almost one-half of all soft tissue tumors. Lipomas can occur at any site where fat cells are present but are rare in the oral cavity, especially the tongue, which is a very rare site. Lipoma has several variants.

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Background: Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a proliferation of hematopoietic tissue outside of the bone marrow medullary space. It is a pathophysiologic response, more often associated with either a benign reactive hematological disease or a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). Identification of EMH in adults is always pathologic.

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Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a common malignant disorder in paediatric and adolescent age group. There is a need of large-scale studies to understand the disease pattern in Pakistan as no official registry exist in most of the developing countries. This study comprised a large cohort of 223 patients, spanned over a decade from January 2008-December 2019 and aimed to report the prevalence of subtypes, demographics and immunohistochemical profile from this region.

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Background: Giant cell tumour (GCT) is a primary benign, locally aggressive bone tumour. Treatment is surgical however, denosumab has been increasingly used as a treatment in recurrent or unresectable locally advanced GCT because of its effect in reducing tumour size. Denosumab treated GCT can exhibit a wide array of histopathological features resulting in diagnostic problems for pathologists.

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Background & Objectives: Retinoblastoma is a malignant intraocular tumor and its treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach. Chemotherapy is an important modality in treatment of retinoblastoma. The purpose of this study was to assess the histopathological changes in retinoblastomas treated with chemotherapy along with correlation of comorbid conditions with high risk histopathological factors (HRF).

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Background & Objectives: The assessment of histopathological risk factors (HRFs) in retinoblastoma in upfront enucleated eyes is important in deciding treatment protocols. Limited data is available from the developing countries as very few studies were conducted on retinoblastoma. The study aims to report this data from Pakistan.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates high-risk histopathologic features (HRFs) in retinoblastoma (RB) patients at a Karachi hospital, highlighting a gap in research on this topic in Pakistan.
  • Out of 117 RB patients treated, 54 underwent immediate enucleation; common indicators included leukocoria and vitreous seeds, with 62.9% showing no HRFs.
  • Key clinical factors like pseudohypopyon and glaucoma were identified as significant predictors for HRFs, emphasizing the need for early detection to guide treatment.
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Burkitt lymphoma (BL) exhibits a characteristic immunophenotype that is positive for pan-B-cell antigens and germinal center markers while negative for immature markers. A deviation from classic immunophenotype can cause diagnostic confusion and might result in false exclusion of BL. In some cases, overlapping clinical, morphological and immunophenotypic features of BL and B lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LL) can be of diagnostic challenge.

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Exfoliated trophoblastic cells can be seen in a cervicovaginal smear in cases of normal pregnancy or gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and can mimic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or malignancy. Although they appear highly anaplastic, cytological features such as high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, irregular nuclear contours and scanty basophilic cytoplasm admixed with cytologically benign squamoid and endocervical cells can aid in differentiating them from malignant cells. We present a case of a 37-year-old woman with abnormal uterine bleeding for 3-months.

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Actinomycosis is a rare infectious disease that presents as three entities, cervico-facial, abdominal and genital, with cervico-facial being the commonest. Due to its subacute presentation and indolent course, abdominal actinomycosis is difficult to diagnose and is often confused with malignancy. We present a case of an elderly diabetic with no known other risk factors of the disease with complaints of right sided abdominal swelling and presence of abdominal mass on imaging, diagnosed post operatively as a case of abdominal actinomycosis, on histopathology.

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Introduction: Sarcomas of the ovary can either be histologically pure or can represent components of a more complex tumor. Ovarian angiosarcomas are rare, and probably arise from carcinosarcomas, teratomas or the rich ovarian vasculature. To date, only two small case series have been published, one with four cases and the other with seven.

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Ovarian and fallopian tube cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a rare finding, reported mostly in autopsy studies of immunocompromised patients. We report here a case of CMV salpingitis in a 22-year-old female, with Crohn's disease and on immunosuppressive drugs. The fallopian tube involvement by CMV infection was an incidental finding during resection of a large, matted mass involving the appendix, right ovary and right fallopian tube with bowel perforation and abscess formation.

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The thyroid gland is a known but an unusual site for metastatic tumours from various primary sites. Primary smooth muscle tumours of thyroid are rare. Leiomyosarcoma of the thyroid gland whether of primary or metastatic origin should be distinguished from anaplastic carcinoma.

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Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberance (DFSP) is a low grade spindle cell malignant tumour that is locally aggressive especially it incompletely excised. A 64-year-old man presented with intra-oral buccal mass of 34 year duration with accelerated increase in size in the last two years. CT scan showed well-circumscribed tumour with no relation to the overlying skin.

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