The hematopoietic stem cell number in the peripheral blood of pediatric recipients correlates with the outcome after living donor liver transplantation.

It has been proposed that circulating HSCs play a role in graft survival after liver transplantation. The aim was to analyze the relationship between the number of HSCs before and after LDLT and liver function, immune biomarkers, and clinical outcomes in pediatric patients. We studied 15 pairs of adult healthy liver donors and pediatric recipients with ESLD.

[Finding of dairy yeasts Kluyveromyces lactis var. lactis in natural habitats].

Well-known yeasts Kluyveromyces lactis var. lactis, which are usually associated with dairy prod- ucts, were discovered in nature (in woodland park soil under Impatiens glandulifera Royle plants). Reliable identification of the yeasts was carried out using physiological criteria (lactose and maltose utilization) and molecular markers (nucleotide sequence of the 5.

Transferability and generalizability of regression models of ultrafine particles in urban neighborhoods in the Boston area.

Land use regression (LUR) models have been used to assess air pollutant exposure, but limited evidence exists on whether location-specific LUR models are applicable to other locations (transferability) or general models are applicable to smaller areas (generalizability). We tested transferability and generalizability of spatial-temporal LUR models of hourly particle number concentration (PNC) for Boston-area (MA, U.S.

[The prognostic value of evaluation of minimal residual disease using technique of flow cytofluorometry during application of therapy of chronic lymphatic leukemia].

The achievement of molecular remission is associated with increasing of survival of patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia. The important direction of research is seeking of parameters applicable to forecast of response to therapy. The purpose of the study was evaluating prognostic significance of indicator of minimal residual disease detected by technique of flow cytofluorometry of peripheral blood of patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia during therapy application.

[Molecular polymorphism of IB-fructosidase SUC genes in the yeast].

SUC gees encoding bea-fructosidase has been investigated in the yeast genus Saccharomyces. We have determined nucleotide sequences of subtelomeric SUC3, SUCS, SUC7, SUC8, SUC9, S UCO10 genes of S. cerevisiae and SUCa gene o:f S.

[Endovascular laser obliteration in treatment of patients with varicose veins with trophic disorders].

The authors studied efficacy and safety of endovasal laser obliteration (EVLO) in treatment for varicose veins in patients with trophic disorders, carrying out comparative analysis of the outcomes of treatment of 95 patients subjected to EVLO (Study Group) or combined phlebectomy (Control Group). It was shown that EVLO is accompanied by less traumatic lesion of tissues during interventions, thus leading to more rapid relief of oedemas of lower limbs and reduction of trophic skin disorders. In patients with open trophic ulcers with an area of more than 10 cm2 healing occurred averagely one month faster than in those after phlebectomy.

[The structure of the epithelial surface of the gastrointestinal tract of pikas (Ochotona pallasi and O. dauurica, Lagomorpha, Ochotonidae): functional and species specificity].

The macro- and microrelief of the surface of the digestive tract mucosa of two pika species--Pallas's (Ochotona pallasi) and Daurian (O. dauurica)--were studied in detail using whole-mount preparations and scanning electron microscopy. The structural features of the intestinal mucosal surface specific of mammals, such as the formation of projections on the crest of the cecal spiral fold and microcells in the colonic ampulla, were studied.

[Role of microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract in the nutrition of grouse].

In order to assess the role of the microbiocenosis of the digestive tract of herbivorous birds in transforming poor forage, the activity of cellulolytic enzymes in all departments of the gastrointestinal tract of the black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix) and Western capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) was studied. The functional diversity of microbial communities of different departments was also investigated. In both species of birds, nitrogenase and cellobiohydrolase activities were discovered in the digestive tract, with the maximum observed in the cecum.

Environmental predictors of diarrhoeal infection for rural and urban communities in south India in children and adults.

Diarrhoeal diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. This longitudinal study aimed to identify controllable environmental drivers of intestinal infections amidst a highly contaminated drinking water supply in urban slums and villages of Vellore, Tamil Nadu in southern India. Three hundred households with children (<5 years) residing in two semi-urban slums and three villages were visited weekly for 12-18 months to monitor gastrointestinal morbidity.

Climate, environmental and socio-economic change: weighing up the balance in vector-borne disease transmission.

Arguably one of the most important effects of climate change is the potential impact on human health. While this is likely to take many forms, the implications for future transmission of vector-borne diseases (VBDs), given their ongoing contribution to global disease burden, are both extremely important and highly uncertain. In part, this is owing not only to data limitations and methodological challenges when integrating climate-driven VBD models and climate change projections, but also, perhaps most crucially, to the multitude of epidemiological, ecological and socio-economic factors that drive VBD transmission, and this complexity has generated considerable debate over the past 10-15 years.

Effectiveness of various toothpastes on dentine tubule occlusion.

Objective: Dentine hypersensitivity is an increasing problem in dentistry. Several products are available that claim to occlude open dentine tubules and to reduce dentine hypersensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of several different products on dentine tubule occlusion using qualitative and quantitative methods.

Evaluation of lymphocyte subpopulations in cord blood of Bulgarian newborns.

Background: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a clinically useful source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells for treatment of a wide variety of malignant and non-malignant disorders. An important way to completing infor- mation on the quality and composition of units for transplantation is more extensive immunophenotyping of UCB. Moreover, phenotyping of lymphocyte subpopulations is essential for the diagnosis and follow-up of children with immunodeficiencies and other immune disorders and therefore, establishment of age-matched reference values of lymphocyte subsets is a necessity for each population.

Redefining climate regions in the United States of America using satellite remote sensing and machine learning for public health applications.

Existing climate classification has not been designed for an efficient handling of public health scenarios. This work aims to design an objective spatial climate regionalization method for assessing health risks in response to extreme weather. Specific climate regions for the conterminous United States of America (USA) were defined using satellite remote sensing (RS) data and compared with the conventional Köppen-Geiger (KG) divisions.

[Morphological provision for the specialization of hares to coprophagy: the architectonics of the mucous surface of the intestine].

The macro- and microstructures of the surface of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract were studied in detail in two hare species (Lepus europaeus and L. timidus) using scanning electron and digital microscopes. The morphology of the gastrointestinal tract of hares, which is similar in the two species studied, was described in detail.

Randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of new alcohol-free chlorhexidine mouthrinses after 8 weeks.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of two alcohol-free antimicrobial mouthrinses in reducing plaque and gingivitis compared to an alcohol-containing rinse and toothbrushing alone.

Methods: One hundred and sixty healthy volunteers were enrolled in the randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomly and equally assigned to four groups: (i) toothbrushing + rinsing (0.

[The evaluation and comparative characteristic of detection of clone of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria on reticulocytes using the technique of flow cytometry].

The paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a rare clonal disease characterized by somatic mutation of gene PIG-A at the level of stem hematopoietic cell. This process results in disorder of synthesis of glycosil phosphatidyl innozitol (GPI) anchor fixing numerous molecules on membrane of blood cells which protect blood cells from impact of complement. The international society of clinical cytometry (2010) proposed the guidelines of detection of clone of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria among erythrocytes, granulocytes and monocytes.

Risk factors for cryptosporidiosis among children in a semi urban slum in southern India: a nested case-control study.

The risk factors for acquisition of cryptosporidial infection in resource-poor settings are poorly understood. A nested case-control study was conducted to assess factors associated with childhood cryptosporidiosis (detected by stool polymerase chain reaction) in an endemic, Indian slum community using data from two community-based studies with 580 children followed prospectively until their second birthday. Factors were assessed for overall cryptosporidiosis (N = 406), and for multiple (N = 208), asymptomatic (N = 243), and symptomatic (N = 163) infections, respectively.

Search for a light sterile neutrino at Daya Bay.

A search for light sterile neutrino mixing was performed with the first 217 days of data from the Daya Bay Reactor Antineutrino Experiment. The experiment's unique configuration of multiple baselines from six 2.9 GW(th) nuclear reactors to six antineutrino detectors deployed in two near (effective baselines 512 m and 561 m) and one far (1579 m) underground experimental halls makes it possible to test for oscillations to a fourth (sterile) neutrino in the 10(-3) eV(2)<|Δm(41)(2) |< 0.

Temporal changes in land cover types and the incidence of malaria in Mangalore, India.

Background: Malaria contributes to 881000 deaths worldwide annually and India is a major contributor in the region. This study aimed at detecting land cover changes and assesses their relationship with the burden of malaria in Mangalore taluk of southern India.

Methodology: Landsat TM images were obtained from the U.

Effects of fluoridated milk on root dentin remineralization.

Background: The prevalence of root caries is increasing with greater life expectancy and number of retained teeth. Therefore, new preventive strategies should be developed to reduce the prevalence of root caries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fluoridated milk on the remineralization of root dentin and to compare these effects to those of sodium fluoride (NaF) application without milk.

The first 1000 days of life: prenatal and postnatal risk factors for morbidity and growth in a birth cohort in southern India.

Objective: To estimate the burden and assess prenatal and postnatal determinants of illnesses experienced by children residing in a semiurban slum, during the first 1000 days of life.

Design: Community-based birth cohort

Setting: Southern India

Participants: Four hundred and ninety-seven children of 561 pregnant women recruited and followed for 2 years with surveillance and anthropometry.

Main Outcome Measure: Incidence rates of illness; rates of clinic visits and hospitalisations; factors associated with low birth weight, various illnesses and growth.

Household and family factors related to weight status in first through third graders: a cross-sectional study in Eastern Massachusetts.

Background: Early environmental influences have been linked to child weight status, however further understanding of associations in diverse populations is needed.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of household and family factors associated with overweight was conducted on a culturally diverse, urban dwelling sample of 820 first through third graders (mean age 7.6 ± 1.

A cautionary note for population health: disproportionate emphasis on personal responsibility for health and wellbeing.

By investing in healthy human life we are investing in our social capital, the primary treasure of a modern technologically advanced society. In rethinking the definition of health from a new interdisciplinary viewpoint, I argue that health can be measured by satisfaction with life fulfillment and by abilities that permit an individual to perform tasks demanded by a society. While considering health as a property of a dynamic system governed by social and environmental determinants, a balance between societal and personal responsibility for health and wellbeing has to be maintained to protect those who have limited opportunities to "use their biologically given and personally acquired potentials" or to entertain their rights of healthy living standards.