Using Spent Brewer's Yeast to Encapsulate and Enhance the Bioavailability of Sonochemically Nanostructured Curcumin.

This study is aimed at investigating the possibility of using spent cells of brewer's yeast to encapsulate the plant antioxidant curcumin and the effect of such an approach on the bioavailability of BAS in an digestion model. Spent brewer's yeast is a significant volume organic waste that is difficult to dispose of, which makes additional options for its use very promising. Encapsulation of curcumin into spent yeast cells was carried out in a nanostructured manner.

Presenilin-1 ΔE9 mutation associated sarcoplasmic reticulum leak alters [Ca] distribution in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.

Mutations in ubiquitously expressed presenilin genes (PSENs) lead to early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD), but patients carrying the mutation also suffer from heart diseases. To elucidate the cardiac myocyte specific effects of PSEN ΔE9, we studied cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-CMs) from patients carrying AD-causing PSEN1 exon 9 deletion (PSEN1 ΔE9). When compared with their isogenic controls, PSEN1 ΔE9 cardiomyocytes showed increased sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca leak that was resistant to blockage of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) by tetracaine or inositol-3-reseceptors (IPRs) by 2-ABP.

Methods for Assessment of Nucleotide Excision Repair Efficiency.

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is responsible for removing a wide variety of bulky adducts from DNA, thus contributing to the maintenance of genome stability. The efficiency with which proteins of the NER system recognize and remove bulky adducts depends on many factors and is of great clinical and diagnostic significance. The review examines current concepts of the NER system molecular basis in eukaryotic cells and analyzes methods for the assessment of the NER-mediated DNA repair efficiency both in vitro and ex vivo.

Use of Micronization and Complex Coacervation to Preserve Antioxidant Properties of Flavonoids.

The plant flavonoids taxifolin and rutin are among the best known and best studied antioxidants. In addition to their antioxidant properties, other pharmacobiological properties have been established for these substances. At the same time, taxifolin and rutin are chemically labile.

Spurious Modes in Laterally Excited Bulk Acoustic Resonators (XBARs): Analysis and Suppression.

Laterally excited bulk acoustic resonators (XBARs) are plate mode resonators in which one of the higher-order plate modes transforms into the bulk acoustic wave (BAW) due to the very thin plates used in these devices. The propagation of the primary mode is usually accompanied by numerous spurious modes, which deteriorate resonator performances and restrict potential XBARs' applications. This article suggests a combination of different methods for insight into the nature of the spurious modes and their suppression.

Bulky Adducts in Clustered DNA Lesions: Causes of Resistance to the NER System.

The nucleotide excision repair (NER) system removes a wide range of bulky DNA lesions that cause significant distortions of the regular double helix structure. These lesions, mainly bulky covalent DNA adducts, are induced by ultraviolet and ionizing radiation or the interaction between exogenous/endogenous chemically active substances and nitrogenous DNA bases. As the number of DNA lesions increases, e.

Analysis of Acousto-Optic Figure of Merit in KGW and KYW Crystals.

Monoclinic potassium rare-earth crystals are known as efficient materials for solid-state lasers and acousto-optic modulators. A number of specific configurations for acousto-optic devices based on those crystals have recently been proposed, but the acousto-optic effect of those crystals has only been analyzed fragmentarily for some interaction directions. In this work, we numerically searched for the global maxima of an acousto-optic figure of merit for isotropic diffraction in KGd(WO) and KY(WO) crystals.

PGC-1α4 Interacts with REST to Upregulate Neuronal Genes and Augment Energy Consumption in Developing Cardiomyocytes.

Transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α is a main regulator of cardiac energy metabolism. In addition to canonical PGC-1α1, other PGC-1α isoforms have been found to exert specific biological functions in a variety of tissues. We investigated the expression patterns and the biological effects of the non-canonical isoforms in the heart.

Varied Responses to a High m.3243A>G Mutation Load and Respiratory Chain Dysfunction in Patient-Derived Cardiomyocytes.

The m.3243A>G mutation in mitochondrial is one of the most common pathogenic mitochondrial DNA mutations in humans. The clinical manifestations are highly heterogenous and the causes for the drastic clinical variability are unknown.

Symmetry Aspects in the Use of Multilayered Substrates for SAW Devices.

Multilayered structures extensively studied as a novel type of substrates for surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are characterized by an asymmetry of wave propagation: acoustic wave characteristics generally change with inversion of propagation direction or interchange of top/bottom surfaces in one of the layers, though separately each material is symmetric for such inversions. In this article, the matrix formalism known as an effective tool for theoretical and numerical investigation of acoustic wave propagation in multilayered structures is applied to explain the existence of asymmetry and analyze its relation to the symmetry and orientations of combined materials. This phenomenon is illustrated by the examples of layered structures combining LiTaO (LT) plate with quartz or Si, previously reported as potential substrates for SAW devices with improved performance.

Stimulation of antioxidant activity and γ-aminobutyric acid synthesis in germinated wheat grain Triticum aestivum L. by ultrasound: Increasing the nutritional value of the product.

The use of ultrasound to intensify the germination process of Triticum aestivum L. wheat was studied. This method of controlled germination can be used in several sectors of food industry, in particular in bakery.

High-efficiency KYW acousto-optic Q-switch for a Ho:YAG laser.

A new, to the best of our knowledge, type of acousto-optic Q-switch was developed using slow shear acoustic mode in potassium yttrium tungstate (KYW) crystal. Two Q-switch configurations were created: one for vertical and one for horizontal light polarization, both providing over 50% diffraction efficiency at a wavelength of 2.1 μm and an RF driving power below 8 W.

The Effect of Ultrasonic Water Treatment on the Change in the Microstructure of Wheat Grain, Dough, and Wheat Flour Bread.

Visualization of the microstructure of the food matrix of both raw materials and the final product is one of the keys to understanding the processes occurring during its formation. It is the fixation of the results at the microlevel that allows us to form a hypothesis and then confirm it with the obtained array of experimental data. The presented study is aimed at studying the effect of ultrasonic water treatment on the change in the microstructure of wheat grain during its humidification.

Pteridophyte distribution of the Urals and adjacent areas: a dataset.

Background: Data on the species diversity and distribution of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) in the Urals and adjacent areas are presented. The dataset includes 13,742 observations of two classes Lycopodiopsida and Polypodiopsida. In total, the dataset contains information on 16 families, 28 generas, 65 species, four subspecies and nine interspecies hybrids.

Quantitative high-confidence human mitochondrial proteome and its dynamics in cellular context.

Mitochondria are key organelles for cellular energetics, metabolism, signaling, and quality control and have been linked to various diseases. Different views exist on the composition of the human mitochondrial proteome. We classified >8,000 proteins in mitochondrial preparations of human cells and defined a mitochondrial high-confidence proteome of >1,100 proteins (MitoCoP).

Recognition and removal of clustered DNA lesions via nucleotide excision repair.

Clustered damage of DNA consists of two or more lesions located within one or two turns of the DNA helix. Clusters consisting of lesions of various structures can arise under the influence of strong damaging factors, especially if the cells have a compromised repair status. In this work, we analyzed how the presence of an analog of the apurinic/apyrimidinic site - a non-nucleoside residue consisting of diethylene glycol phosphodiester (DEG) - affects the recognition and removal of a bulky lesion (a non-nucleoside site of the modified DNA strand containing a fluorescein residue, nFlu) from DNA by a mammalian nucleotide excision repair system.

The Influence of the Use of Whole Grain Flour from Sprouted Wheat Grain on the Rheological and Microstructural Properties of Dough and Bread.

Whole wheat flour from sprouted wheat grain is a full-fledged raw ingredient containing essential amino acids, easily digestible sugars, and dietary fiber, with increased digestibility and enzymatic activity. The use of this raw material in the production of food products will contribute to the creation of products for a healthy diet of the population. This study is aimed at studying the possibility of using whole grain flour from sprouted wheat in the production of bread and its effect on the rheological and microstructural properties of dough and finished products.

Explaining Consumer Intentions for Foods with Antioxidant Properties: Predictors of Choice and Purchase Barriers.

Today, food products not only should serve the source of main nourishment but also must minimize the risk of negative impact on the human body. Products enriched with antioxidants can be referred to such category. For food producers, the development of products "for health" is usually connected with significant investment, whereas the final success of innovative products does not always meet the expectations.

Temperature Behavior of SAW Resonators Based on LiNbO₃/Quartz and LiTaO₃/Quartz Substrates.

LiNbO (LN) or LiTaO (LT) thin plates bonded to quartz are novel types of layered substrates for temperature-compensated surface acoustic wave (TCSAW) devices. In SAW resonators with Al electrodes arranged on LT/quartz and LN/quartz substrates, improved temperature behavior due to opposite signs of temperature coefficients of frequency (TCF) in quartz substrates and LT or LN plates can be combined with high Q -factors if the quartz orientation is optimized. The quartz orientation areas that enabled high Q -factors were deduced from analyzing the quartz anisotropy and the characteristics of shear horizontally (SH) polarized waves were calculated in the optimal orientations as functions of the quartz cut angle and plate thickness.

PGC-1α deficiency reveals sex-specific links between cardiac energy metabolism and EC-coupling during development of heart failure in mice.

Aims: Biological sex has fundamental effects on mammalian heart physiology and pathogenesis. While it has been established that female sex is a protective factor against most cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), this beneficial effect may involve pathways associated with cardiac energy metabolism. Our aim was to elucidate the role of transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α in sex dimorphism of heart failure (HF) development.

The Interaction Efficiency of XPD-p44 With Bulky DNA Damages Depends on the Structure of the Damage.

The successful elimination of bulky DNA damages via the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system is largely determined by the damage recognition step. This step consists of primary recognition and verification of the damage. The TFIIH helicase XPD plays a key role in the verification step during NER.

AlN/Pt/LN-Y128 Packageless Acoustic Wave Temperature Sensor.

Batteryless, wireless, and packageless acoustic wave sensors are particularly desirable for harsh high-temperature environments. In this letter, an acoustic wave sensor based on a lithium niobate (Y + 128° cut, abbreviated LN-Y128) substrate with a buried platinum interdigital transducer (IDT) in an aluminum nitride (AlN) overlayer is investigated. Previously, it was demonstrated theoretically that due to the specific properties of LN-Y128, Rayleigh-type guided waves can propagate at the AlN/IDT(Pt)/LN-Y128 interface.

Metabolic alterations in Parkinson's disease astrocytes.

In Parkinson`s disease (PD), the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta is associated with Lewy bodies arising from the accumulation of alpha-synuclein protein which leads ultimately to movement impairment. While PD has been considered a disease of the DA neurons, a glial contribution, in particular that of astrocytes, in PD pathogenesis is starting to be uncovered. Here, we report findings from astrocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of LRRK2 G2019S mutant patients, with one patient also carrying a GBA N370S mutation, as well as healthy individuals.

Epitaxial Growth of ScAlN and ScAlN Thin Films on Sapphire Substrates by Magnetron Sputtering for Surface Acoustic Waves Applications.

Scandium aluminum nitride (ScAlN) films are currently intensively studied for surface acoustic waves (SAW) filters and sensors applications, because of the excellent tradeoff they present between high SAW velocity, large piezoelectric properties and wide bandgap for the intermediate compositions with an Sc content between 10 and 20%. In this paper, the growth of ScAlN and ScAlN films on sapphire substrates by sputtering method is investigated. The plasma parameters were optimized, according to the film composition, in order to obtain highly-oriented films.

Short high-fat diet interferes with the physiological maturation of the late adolescent mouse heart.

Dietary fats are essential for cardiac function. The metabolites of fats known as fatty acids provide most of the energy for cardiac tissue, serve as building blocks for membranes and regulate important signaling cascades. Despite their importance, excess fat intake can cause cardiac dysfunction.