Caffeic Acid Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, and Memory Deficits via Antioxidant Properties in Aging Rats Induced by D-Galactose.

Aging is a main factor related to cognitive deficits. D-Galactose (D-gal), a monosaccharide, increases oxidative stress leading to cellular senescence, memory deficits, and neuronal apoptosis. Caffeic acid (CA) is an antioxidant that can interrupt free radicals and reduce oxidative stress.