Gearing Effects on -9-Anth-PyBidine-Cu(OAc)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Direct Haloimidation Reactions of Alkylidenemalononitriles.

A newly developed -9-anthranylmethyl bis(imidazolidine)pyridine (-9-Anth-PyBidine)-Cu(OAc) complex catalyzed asymmetric haloimidation reactions of alkylidenemalononitriles with -bromosuccinimide and -chlorosuccinimide, employing the succinimide moiety directly as a copper-bound nucleophile. The anthranyl substituent showed a gearing effect that produced a well-organized asymmetric sphere involving the -H proton of the imidazolidine ring in the ligand. The gearing effect afforded hydrogen bonding-assisted copper-catalyzed haloimidation reactions with high enantioselectivity.

Author Correction: Lateral attachment of kinetochores to microtubules is enriched in prometaphase rosette and facilitates chromosome alignment and bi-orientation establishment.

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Lateral attachment of kinetochores to microtubules is enriched in prometaphase rosette and facilitates chromosome alignment and bi-orientation establishment.

Faithful chromosome segregation is ensured by the establishment of bi-orientation; the attachment of sister kinetochores to the end of microtubules extending from opposite spindle poles. In addition, kinetochores can also attach to lateral surfaces of microtubules; called lateral attachment, which plays a role in chromosome capture and transport. However, molecular basis and biological significance of lateral attachment are not fully understood.